Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 1st December 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, LECO, Shimadzu and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Determination of 21 Elements in Fertilizers using Autodilution with ICP-OES</h3>Automated analysis of multinutrient fertilizers by Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES and ADS 2 autodilutor<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_elements_fertilizers_autodilution_5800_icp_oes_5994_8647en_14e33bca6a.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Crop production relies heavily on fertilizers to achieve high yields, maintain soil fertility, and support sustainable agricultural practices. Fertilizers typically contain high concentrations of essential macronutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), plus lower levels of secondary and micronutrients. In addition to these beneficial elements, fertilizers may also contain contaminants such as heavy metals introduced during manufacturing or from raw materials. To ensure product efficacy, safety, and regulatory compliance, multiple nutrients and potential contaminants must be accurately measured. However, the number of analytes, concentration range, and sample-to-sample variability present significant analytical challenges for laboratories requiring robust, high-throughput, and accurate quantitative methods.Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is a powerful technique that is widely used for the simultaneous analysis of multiple elements in complex sample matrices like fertilizers.1,2 Traditional workflows, however, often require manual preparation of calibration standards and tailored sample dilutions, processes that are time-consuming, error-prone, and can introduce contamination. Modern automation technologies such as the Agilent Advanced Dilution System (ADS 2) simplify the analysis, freeing analysts to focus on more productive tasks.3,4 Also, by enabling automatic, reactive dilutions based on sample concentration, the ADS 2 avoids manual intervention, reduces consumable usage, and improves data quality. Some key features of the ADS 2 include:&nbsp;<ul><li>Autocalibration: Automatic generation of calibration curves from one or more stock solutions. This feature significantly reduces time spent on standard preparation, minimizes waste of single-use consumables, and lowers the risk of human error, simplifying the workflow and improving data reliability.&nbsp;</li><li>Prescriptive dilutions: Automatic dilution of solutions or samples by a known (prescribed) dilution factor before analysis. This feature is useful in labs where routine dilutions occur, eliminating a time-consuming manual step from daily workflows.&nbsp;</li><li>Reactive dilutions: Automatic real-time dilution of overrange samples that exceed calibration limits. This feature eliminates the need for manual dilutions or rework after the analysis, allowing greater flexibility and efficiency within a single method.&nbsp;</li><li>Summary Row: A smart software feature that selects and displays the best measurement from multiple iterations, while retaining access to all underlying data. This feature streamlines data review and significantly reduces the time spent on manual processing and reporting.&nbsp;</li></ul>In this study, the Agilent 5800 Vertical Dual View (VDV) ICP-OES with ADS 2 autodilutor was used to determine 21 elements in multinutrient fertilizers. The elements included aluminum, arsenic, boron, calcium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, sodium, nickel, phosphorus, lead, sulfur, selenium, vanadium, and zinc.<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4><h5>Instrumentation&nbsp;</h5>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5800+VDV+ICP-OES">Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES</a> was configured with the integrated Agilent Advanced Switching Valve (AVS 7), ADS 2 autodilutor, and Agilent SPS 4 autosampler (Figure 1). The AVS and ADS 2 operate seamlessly together to enhance sample throughput, reduce turnaround time, and lower cost-per-sample. The ADS 2 enabled automated, precise preparation of calibration standards and sample dilutions, minimizing analyst workload and consumables use. Importantly, its integration with the AVS 7 ensures that no additional time is added when dilution is not required, overcoming a common limitation of other dilution systems. The SPS 4 autosampler provided automated sample delivery to the instrument. The 5800 ICP-OES was equipped with a SeaSpray nebulizer, double-pass cyclonic spray chamber, and Agilent semi-demountable VDV torch with a 1.8 mm id injector. All components were controlled by the Agilent ICP Expert Pro software5 (the ADS 2 is compatible with ICP Expert software version 7.7 or later). Automated Fitted Background Correction (FBC) was selected for background correction of each analyte.6<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES paired with the Agilent ADS 2 autodilutor enabled the fast, high-throughput, multi-elemental analysis of fertilizer samples. The accurate quantification of 21 major and trace elements in microwave-digested fertilizer samples was assisted by the following features of the ADS 2:&nbsp;<ul><li>Autocalibration: Calibration standards from 0 to 10 mg/L were automatically prepared from a single stock solution, minimizing manual preparation and ensuring consistent, accurate calibration across the range. Additional higher concentration standards were used for selected elements.&nbsp;</li><li>Prescriptive dilutions: Automatic dilution of solutions were performed using a known (prescribed) dilution factor before analysis, removing time-consuming and error-prone manual dilutions of the SRM samples.&nbsp;</li><li>Reactive dilution: Overrange analyte concentrations in two fertilizer samples triggered dynamic, real-time dilution, eliminating the need for prescreening or manual intervention. This reactive dilution capability streamlined the workflow.&nbsp;</li><li>Summary Row: The software feature automatically selected and displayed the most reliable results from multiple measurements of each fertilizer sample, simplifying data review while maintaining full traceability.</li></ul>The automated-ICP-OES method produced high-quality results, with MDLs below 1 mg/kg for most elements. Accuracy was excellent, with all recoveries for both NIST 695 fertilizer SRM and spiked fertilizer samples falling within 100 ± 10% of expected values. The method also demonstrated excellent stability and robustness over nine hours. Following a 10x automatic prescriptive dilution of each QC using the ADS 2, recoveries ranged from 95 to 105%, with %RSDs below 3.5% for all elements, demonstrating the reproducibility of the autodilutor.&nbsp;This study confirms the suitability of the 5800 VDV ICP-OES for quantifying major, minor, and trace nutrients, as well as contaminant elements, in three commercial fertilizers— supporting regulatory compliance and product quality assurance. Productivity of the method was further enhanced by the ADS 2, which minimized manual handling and reduced the risk of errors during standard and sample preparation.<h3>2. LECO: Determination of Nitrogen in Fertilizer</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/FP_828_NITROGEN_FERTILIZER_203_821_625_5c75967878.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Nitrogen is one of the most important elements for plant development and is the macronutrient that is most often found to be deficient in arable soils used for crop production. Nitrogen plays a key role in the formation of enzymes and proteins, which promotes lush vigorous growth and development in plants that often leads to an increase in the yield from the plant. Fertilizers are utilized to re-introduce nitrogen back into arable soils. Fertilizers can be grouped by their makeup and/or origins into categories including inorganic and/or synthetic (including nitrates, ammonium, and urea) and organic (including compost materials and manures). The accurate and precise determination of nitrogen in all fertilizer types is not only important in the process of blending and preparing the fertilizer material for use, but also will have significant impact on the commercial value and guarantee of the fertilizer.&nbsp;The<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=24&amp;search=FP828"> LECO FP828</a> is a combustion nitrogen/protein determinator that utilizes a pure oxygen environment in a vertical quartz furnace. A thermoelectric cooler removes moisture from the combustion gases before they are collected in a ballast. The gases equilibrate and mix in the ballast before a representative aliquot (3 cm3 or 10 cm3 volume) of the combustion gas is extracted and introduced into a flowing stream of inert gas (helium or argon) for analysis. The aliquot gas is carried to a thermal conductivity (TC) cell for the detection of nitrogen (N2).<h4>Instrument Model and Configuration&nbsp;</h4>Thermal conductivity detectors work by detecting changes in the thermal conductivity of the analyte gas compared to a reference/carrier gas. The greater the difference between the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas and the analyte gas, the greater sensitivity of the detector. The FP828 supports either the use of helium or argon as the instrument's carrier gas. When used as a carrier gas, helium provides the highest sensitivity, and the best performance at the lower limit of the nitrogen range. Argon can also be used as a carrier gas. The thermal conductivity difference between argon and nitrogen is not as great as the thermal conductivity difference between helium and nitrogen, therefore the detector is inherently less sensitive when using argon as a carrier gas.<h4>TYPICAL RESULTS&nbsp;</h4>Data was generated utilizing a linear, forced through origin calibration using ~0.05 g of NIST 913b Uric Acid (33% N). Alternatively, LECO 503-530 LCRM Urea may be used for calibration. The calibration was verified using LECO 502-896 (Lot 1002) EDTA (9.57% N).<h3>3. Shimadzu: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Power Semiconductor and Silver Sintering Die Attach Material</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00989_en_47b98a7a6e.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Useful in evaluation of the particle shape of silver sintering die attach materials.</li><li>Useful in evaluation of the sintered condition, such as voids, and the diffusion of elements at the bonding interface in silver sintering.</li><li>Useful in research on surface properties, such as the film thickness in metalizing treatment</li></ul>Power semiconductors are used in a wide range of applications, from household electrical appliances and automotive devices to power transmission and distribution systems. Recently, SiC (silicon carbide) semiconductors, which allow high-temperature operation, have attracted attention as a substitute for conventional Si (silicon) semiconductors. With application of SiC, the operating temperature of power semiconductors is expected to increase to 200 ˚C or more in the future. However, in this case, the heat resistance of the die bond where semiconductor chips are bonded to a substrate becomes an issue, as high-temperature operation may cause deterioration or embrittlement of the joining material.&nbsp;Silver (Ag) sintering materials can withstand high temperatures exceeding 200 ˚C and have excellent thermal conductivity, enhancing heat dissipation and realizing improved temperature management of devices. Since embrittlement can be preventing by using Ag sintering materials, thereby improving the reliability of the bonds, Ag particles have attracted interest as a die bond material with excellent heat dissipation.&nbsp;This Application News article introduces an example of analysis of a power semiconductor using an EPMA electron probe microanalyzer (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=EPMA-8050G">EPMA-8050G</a>).<h4>Power Semiconductors&nbsp;</h4>With conventional Si semiconductor, a large amount of energy may be lost during power conversion, but energy loss can be improved significantly by introducing a SiC widegap power semiconductor. SiC has a wide bandgap and is superior in terms of pressure resistance and heat resistance due to its excellent thermal conductivity, which allows efficient management of generated heat and stable operation even under hightemperature environments 1), 2) .&nbsp;In the vertical package structure of a power semiconductor device, wiring is formed on the SiC device surface, and the heat generated by the semiconductor (die) is dissipated downward. The back of the SiC chip analyzed here was metalized by ion plating. Titanium (Ti) plating, nickel (Ni) plating, and gold (Au) plating were carried out. The AMB (Active Metal Brazing) substrate consisted of a three-layer structure of a pure copper (Cu) substrate, a ceramic substrate, and a pure Cu substrate. High bond strength and thermal conductivity were secured in the SiC chip and the AMB substrate by sintering Ag particles.&nbsp;<h4>Conclusion</h4>In response to high-temperature operation of power semiconductor devices, Ag particles have attracted considerable attention as a die bond material. Their high-temperature resistance and superior heat dissipation properties are expected to improve device reliability and are being utilized in research and development, such as evaluation of the bond interface.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: Identify and Characterize Particles in the Visible Size Range with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura</a></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009112_en_ec644950a4.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Characterizing large visible contaminants is essential for patient safety and mandated by both USP 788, 790, and 1046. Drug formulations for parenteral injection are required to meet certain standards for subvisible particles (&gt;100 µm) and must be completely free of visible particles (&gt;1 µm–100 µm).1 Therefore, subvisible and visible particle analysis is necessary throughout the drug development process to ensure that products do not produce unwanted adverse side-effects or reductions in efficacy.2 However, traditional detection methods for subvisible and visible particles like dynamic flow imaging (FI) and light obscuration (LO) are plagued by a number of limitations that hamper analysis, including:<ul><li>Particle fragmentation, also known as clipping, observed during particle detection with flow imaging techniques.3</li><li>A low refractive index contrast encountered when measuring biologic particles in liquid media that makes it difficult to distinguish translucent particles from background.4</li><li>A small depth of focus in a wide fluidic channel area that exacerbates particle fragmentation and dramatically reduces sampling efficiency. This makes accurate large particle detection nearly impossible.</li><li>Clogging that occurs when visible particles flow through the fluidic chambers of flow-based systems like FI or LO.</li><li>Visible particle inspection performed by manual operators that is highly error prone.5</li></ul><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura™ Systems</a> are powered by backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI), a USP 788 Method 2 compliant digital imaging method that conducts both subvisible and visible particle analysis. Calibrated using a microscopy reference slide, Aura provides accurate and linear data for particles up to 5.6 mm in equivalent circular diameter on 96-well small volume plates and 14 mm on 24-well large volume plates, well into the visible range.&nbsp;In this application note, we demonstrate the capability of Aura instruments and Particle Vue Software to characterize visible particle aggregates stemming from various biologic drug formulation processes. A comparison of both visible and subvisible NIST ethylene tetrafluoro ethylene (ETFE), large adeno-associated virus (AAV) aggregates, large cellular aggregates from CAR-T cell therapies, and large fibrous contaminants in cell therapies are used as models to illustrate how Aura can analyze a range of samples while providing accurate size characterizations. In addition, side illumination membrane images (SIMI) and fluorescent membrane microscopy images (FMM) provide further information about the visible particle samples and their nature.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Aura particle analysis systems and Particle Vue Software can analyze particles well into the visible size range, solving a long-standing analytical problem in biologic, cell, and gene therapy characterization. BMI enables accurate sizing and morphological determination of large aggregates and Aura’s FMM, present in both the Aura and Aura CL Systems, allows for specific particle identification to understand the nature and origin of the visible aggregates. Accurately size, characterize, and identify particles from small to large for all biological samples using Aura to ensure proper assessment of both visible and sub visible particles.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 49, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 8th December 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, LECO, and Shimadzu!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Measurement of Opaque Liquids with UV-Vis and ATR</h3>Combining the Agilent Cary 60 UV-Vis spectrophotometer with an ATR fiber-optic probe<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_cary_60_atr_opaque_liquids_5994_8652en_agilent_e7b9efab4d.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Today, ATR is considered synonymous with FTIR spectroscopy, being the most widely used sampling technique. However, ATR can also be applied to UV-Vis spectroscopy, offering particular benefits for measuring opaque liquids with a fiber-optic probe.&nbsp;Samples such as paints, inks, food colorings, sunscreens, and liquid medications are often highly pigmented, rendering them optically opaque. In some cases, measurement of these types of samples using a standard 10 mm path length cuvette may be possible, but only after several hundred‑fold dilution, requiring significant solvent consumption and introducing the possibility of large dilution errors. In the case of emulsion samples such as paints and sunscreens, dilution is often not possible without the sample "splitting" and separating into its component parts.&nbsp;ATR spectroscopy is an innovative sampling technique that overcomes these challenges. In ATR, incident light from the spectrometer is directed into a measurement crystal at an angle. Internal reflections within the crystal generate an evanescent wave at the crystal surface, allowing samples in direct contact with the crystal to interact with the standing wave and absorb some of the light energy.&nbsp;In a UV-Vis fiber-optic ATR probe, a commonly used crystal is sapphire, with the incident light directed into the crystal to form an angle of 60° at the crystal surface. The crystal is designed to create three bounces at the surfaces (Figure&nbsp;1). The "effective height" of the wave above the surface is a function of the relative refractive indices of the crystal and the sample medium, the angle of incidence, and the wavelength. The multiple bounces extend the effective path length. For this probe, the effective pathlength at 250&nbsp;nm is approximately 3 μm and increases to approximately 13 μm at 1,000&nbsp;nm.<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4>Example data were collected using a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=Cary+60+UV-Vis">Cary 60 UV-Vis spectrophotometer </a>equipped with a fiber-optic interface and Hellma Katana XP 6, 3-bounce ATR probe (Hellma part number PK1KSSZUEASM210N). Spectra were collected by first measuring a baseline using the clean crystal, followed by sample measurement with the crystal immersed in the sample. The Agilent <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=Cary+WinUV">Cary WinUV software</a> was used to collect the spectra as well as to process the measured spectra. All spectra were collected using the measurement conditions shown in Table 1.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This application note demonstrates how an Agilent Cary 60 UV-Vis spectrophotometer, when combined with a Hellma Katana XP 6 ATR probe, provides a practical and easy-to-use solution for measuring optically opaque liquids that would otherwise require extensive dilution, and for monitoring reactions with absorbance changes too large for conventional methods. The Cary 60 UV-Vis with the ATR probe combination is a powerful tool for a wide range of applications, including routine quality control, R&amp;D studies, and research and teaching laboratories.<h3>2. LECO: Determination of Nitrogen/Protein in Meat and Plant-Based Meat Alternatives</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/FP_828_NITROGEN_PROTEIN_MEAT_PLANT_BASED_MEAT_ALTERNATIVES_203_821_680_266d8d12f8.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Protein is one of the most significant nutrient components in food products. The accurate and precise determination of protein not only plays a role in the characterization of nutritional or dietary value in food materials but is also the key to the economic value of these materials. Protein in meat products is most commonly calculated using the measured nitrogen content in the sample and a multiplier or conversion factor (commonly 6.25). Nitrogen determination is performed using either the classical wet chemical method (Kjeldahl) or a combustion method (Dumas). The Kjeldahl method involves sample digestion, distillation, and ammonia determination typically by titration. This method involves time-consuming sample preparation and the use of hazardous materials. The LECO FP828 is a nitrogen determinator that utilizes an automated combustion (Dumas) method and provides accurate and precise results in approximately three minutes. This eliminates involved sample preparation and the use of hazardous materials resulting in a rapid, cost-effective method for the quality control of the production of meat and plant-based protein products.<h4>Instrument Model and Configuration&nbsp;</h4>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=24&amp;search=FP828">LECO FP828</a> is a combustion Nitrogen/Protein determinator that utilizes a pure Oxygen environment in a vertical quartz furnace, ensuring complete combustion and superior analyte recovery. A thermoelectric cooler removes moisture from the combustion gases before they are collected in a ballast. The combustion gases equilibrate and mix in the ballast before a representative aliquot (3 cm3 or 10 cm3 volume) of the gas is extracted and introduced into a flowing stream of inert gas (Helium or Argon) for analysis. The aliquot gas is carried to a thermal conductivity cell (TC) for the detection of Nitrogen (N2).Thermal conductivity detectors work by detecting changes in the thermal conductivity of the analyte gas compared to a reference/carrier gas. The greater the difference between the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas and the analyte gas, the greater sensitivity of the detector.&nbsp;The FP828 supports either the use of Helium or Argon as the instrument's carrier gas. When used as a carrier gas, Helium provides the highest sensitivity, and the best performance at the lower limit of the Nitrogen range.&nbsp;The thermal conductivity difference between Argon and Nitrogen is not as great as the thermal conductivity difference between Helium and Nitrogen, therefore the detector is inherently less sensitive when using Argon as a carrier gas.<h4>TYPICAL RESULTS&nbsp;</h4>Data was generated utilizing a linear, force through origin calibration using ~0.25 g of LECO 502-896 (Lot 1007) LCRM EDTA (9.59% N). The calibration † was verified using ~0.1 g of LECO 502-642 (Lot 1020) LCRM Phenylalanine (8.46% N). A protein factor of 6.25 was used for all samples to calculate the protein content.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Analysis of Combustion Ash from Biomass Power Generation by EDXRF</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00716_en_9995b70230.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>EDXRF enables analysis of Na and K, which cause fluidization problems (agglomeration) in circulating fluidized bed boilers in biomass power generation.</li><li>Simple qualitative/quantitative analysis of elements is possible with minimal sample preparation.</li><li>Comparative analysis of heterogeneous samples in the as-received condition and in the homogenized condition after crushing is possible.</li></ul>In biomass power generation, electricity is generated by using bioresources (biomass) derived from animal and plant sources as a carbon neutral fuel. Biomass power is expected to contribute to reducing total CO2 emissions, and in recent years, the number of woody biomass power plants using wood chips, pellets, and palm kernelshells(PKS) hasincreased. Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers used in woody biomass power generation generate power by circulating and burning biomass fuel together with silica sand, which is as a fluidized bed medium. However, alkali metal elements (Na, K) contained in the fuel adhere to the surface of the silica sand and combustion ash, causing the particles to stick together and form agglomerates (lumps, coarse particles), which are considered to cause boiler damage and fluidization problems (agglomeration) in the fluidized bed 1) .&nbsp;In this article, a Qual-Quant analysis of PKS combustion ash and its coarse particles was conducted using an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=EDX-8100">EDX-8100</a> energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDXRF). Since adhesion of alkali metal elements was detected on the surface of agglomerated lumps, which are considered to cause the problem of agglomeration, analysis of combustion ash by EDXRF can contribute to operational management of combustion furnaces by monitoring the conditionsin the combustion furnace.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Based on the results of a qualitative analysis of lumps (coarse particles of bottom ash), which are thought to cause agglomeration (defluidization) of the fluidized bed, in the combustion ash of PKS, it was found that alkali metal elements (Na and K) had adhered to the surface of the particles. Since EDXRF enables Qual-Quant analysis of elements with only simple sample preparation, it is considered a useful technique for monitoring the progress of agglomeration and deterioration of the silica sand in the power generation using PKS or woody biomass. Periodic measurements by EDXRF can also be expected to prevent damage and deterioration in combustion furnaces and equipmentstops due to defluidization.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 50, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 15th December 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm and Shimadzu!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Measurement of Bidirectional Transmittance Distribution Function</h3>Using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=Cary+7000">Agilent Cary 7000</a> universal measurement spectrophotometer<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_btdf_cary_7000_ums_5994_8679en_agilent_c2ced43759.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The bidirectional transmittance distribution function (BTDF) is a fundamental concept in optical metrology, describing how light is transmitted through a material in various directions. Understanding BTDF is essential for characterizing the optical properties of materials.&nbsp;To address BTDF, it is important to first understand the bidirectional scattering distribution function (BSDF). BSDF encompasses both the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) and BTDF. While BRDF measures how light is reflected off a surface, BTDF focuses on the transmission of light through a material. Together, these functions provide a comprehensive picture of how light interacts with materials, enabling precise characterization of their optical&nbsp;behavior.1,3&nbsp;BTDF measurements are used in diverse fields to understand how light is transmitted through materials. In computer graphics, BTDF data enables realistic rendering of materials, enhancing visual simulations and animations with lifelike quality.4 Remote sensing relies on BTDF to calibrate satellite sensors, improving the accuracy of earth observation data necessary for monitoring environmental changes and weather patterns.5 Optical device design benefits from BTDF measurements by optimizing the performance of lenses, diffusers, and light-emitting devices, ensuring efficient light transmission.4 In materials science, BTDF characterizes the optical properties of new materials, aiding in the development of advanced composites and coatings.6 The food industry uses BTDF to assess the quality and consistency of products through their optical characteristics, which is vital for quality control.6 The solar industry uses BTDF to enhance the efficiency of solar panels and photovoltaic devices by understanding light transmission properties.6 Additionally, the aerospace sector uses BTDF to evaluate the optical properties of materials used in satellites and other space applications, ensuring reliable performance under various&nbsp;conditions.4&nbsp;The focus of this work is to demonstrate that BTDF measurements in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectral range can be easily performed using the Agilent&nbsp;Cary 7000 universal measurement spectrophotometer (UMS), Figure 1. Alternatively, the Agilent Cary 5000 and 6000i instruments equipped with the universal measurement accessory (UMA) may also be used for BTDF measurements. These instruments offer automated control over detector position, sample rotation, and polarization, making BTDF measurements straightforward and&nbsp;reliable.<h4>Setup for the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=Cary+7000">Cary 7000 UMS&nbsp;</a></h4>The Cary 7000 UMS was used for measurements of directional and bidirectional transmittance with in-plane geometries ranging from −85° to 85° viewing angles. The instrument is easily configured using Agilent Cary WinUV software, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, and method parameters are summarized in Table 1. The source system included a quartz tungsten-halogen lamp and a deuterium arc lamp for UV illumination, coupled with a Littrow out-of-plane DMC. The DMC output slit provided a 4 nm bandwidth for the illuminating beam. The optics directed the beam onto a chopper, forming a double-beam photometric configuration. The reference beam monitored the illumination source for any drift in intensity, while the sample beam was shaped by vertical and horizontal slits to control convergence, resulting in an approximately 5.0 × 4.5 mm beam spot on the sample.&nbsp;The detection system included a set of turntables regulated by an optical encoder wheel with an angular resolution of 0.02°. The sample holder and detector turntables set the incident and viewing zenith angles within ± 85°. If BRDF were to be performed, excluded angles would be between ± 10° due to shadowing by the detector. The detector setup featured a calibrated aperture with an 18.00 mm diameter and a sample-to-detector-aperture distance of 129 mm, resulting in a solid angle of 0.0153 sr. The scattered light was collected by an off‑axis mirror onto a dual-band Si/InGaAs photodetector for the visible and NIR wavelength range.<h4>Results and discussion</h4><h5>BTDF measurement by the Cary 7000&nbsp;UMS&nbsp;</h5>The Cary 7000 UMS was used to measure the spectral BTDF of two samples: fused synthetic silica (HOD‑500) and porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Measurements were conducted across the wavelength range of 450 to 1,650 nm in 50 nm intervals, and viewing zenith angles from –35° to 35° in 5° steps. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the BTDF results for both samples. Figure 6A shows the BTDF of the HOD‑500 sample, while Figure 6B presents the BTDF of the PTFE sample. Both samples exhibited near-Lambertian characteristics and a smooth increase in BTDF as a function of wavelength.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Cary 7000 universal measurement spectrophotometer (UMS) is an effective and user-friendly instrument for assessing the bidirectional transmittance distribution function (BTDF) across visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Its automated features, including detector positioning, sample rotation, and polarization control, streamline the measurement process, ensuring simplicity and reliability. The Cary 7000 UMS consistently delivers precise results with acceptable levels of uncertainty, making it ideal for routine BTDF assessments. Its intuitive interface and seamless integration with Cary WinUV software make it versatile for various optical metrology applications, offering a practical solution for both researchers and industry professionals.<h3>2. Metrohm: Online zinc/nickel plating bath analysis with X-ray fluorescence</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_pan_1069_download_66948900d9.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Electroplating is a technique that uses electrical current to apply a thin coating of one material, such as nickel or zinc, onto the surface of another material, such as copper. Zinc and zinc-based alloys, such as zinc-nickel (Zn/Ni), are commonly used to protect steel from corrosion. Zn-Ni alloys are especially popular, as they offer a corrosion resistance that is greater than that of pure zinc [2,3].&nbsp;Both alkaline and acidic Zn/Ni baths are commonly used for electroplating (Figure 1). Each bath type offers unique advantages depending on the application [4]. Alkaline Zn/Ni baths are known for producing highly uniform coatings with good throwing power, making them ideal for complexshaped components. On the other hand, acidic Zn/Ni baths offer higher deposition rates and can deliver smooth, bright finishes that are often preferred for aesthetic applications [4].Electroplating baths are sensitive to various processrelated fluctuations that significantly impact metal deposition and influence the final coating thickness and quality. These variations can arise due to changes in temperature, plating tank metal concentration levels, or contamination. Analyzing the bath solution frequently is crucial to maintain stable plating conditions and minimize material waste. Continuous monitoring of the plating solutions helps ensure that the concentration of metals remains within the optimal range.&nbsp;The metal content in electroplating baths is often measured manually in on-site laboratories. Classical wet chemistry techniques, AAS, and ICP-OES are commonly used for this purpose. While these methods are effective, they can be time consuming, require skilled personnel, and may not provide realtime data. This potentially leads to delayed corrections and material inefficiencies. Modern process analytical technologies (PAT) are increasingly being adopted in electroplating operations to automate and optimize the monitoring of plating baths. These systems continuously analyze critical bath parameters such as metal concentration, pH, temperature, and conductivity in real time. All these factors directly influence the quality and uniformity of the deposited metal coating.The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=2060+XRF+Process+Analyzer">2060 XRF Process Analyzer</a> from Metrohm Process Analytics (Figure 2) offers an effective solution to continuously monitor electroplating baths. By providing real-time measurements of metal concentrations such as Zn and Ni, this process analyzer helps maintain the ideal bath composition required for consistent and high-quality coatings.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The 2060 XRF Process Analyzer is a reliable solution for the metal finishing industry, offering real-time monitoring of zinc and nickel concentrations in electroplating baths. Its ability to continuously measure these key bath parameters ensures consistent coating quality, reduces material waste, and improves process efficiency.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Determination of Elemental Impurities in Petroleum Distillates Using ICP-MS ~ASTM D8110-17~</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00922_en_0b99a9bc9e.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>&nbsp;Enables the analysis of elemental impurities in various kinds of petroleum distillates (light and middle distillates) with the sample preparation method that involves only dilution with organic solvents.</li><li>Metal elements in petroleum distillates (light and middle distillates) can be accurately analyzed over a long period of time.</li><li>Solvent-resistant peristaltic pump tubing enables the addition of internal standard elements in-line, even for organic solvent analysis, thereby eliminating the need for manual addition.</li></ul>The concentration of metal elements in petroleum products needs to be controlled due to concerns that they can act as catalyst poisons and affect product quality. Additionally, it is important to measure the concentration of heavy metals to reduce environmental impact during emissions. Traditionally, analytical methods using ICP Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICPOES), such as ASTM D7111-161), have been employed to determine metal elements in petroleum products. However, in recent years, there has been a demand for more sensitive analytical methods using ICP mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), such as ASTM D8110-172), to detecttrace amounts of metal elements.&nbsp;ASTM D8110-17 is the test method for the analysis of elements in petroleum distillates (light and middle distillates) using ICP-MS. Since this method involves diluting the sample with organic solvents, it is necessary to introduce organic solvent samples into the ICP-MS.&nbsp;In this Application News, various light and middle distillates were diluted with organic solvents in accordance with ASTM D8110-17 and trace elements were analyzed using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2050">ICPMS-2050</a> (Fig. 1). The validity of the analytical results was confirmed through spike recovery tests and the analysis of reference material for residual fuel oil. Additionally, the stability of the analysis over long periods of time was evaluated.<h4>Removal of Interference and Detection Limit&nbsp;</h4>To analyze metal elements with high sensitivity in organic solvents, it is important to eliminate interference caused by carbon from the organic solvent. For example, there are carbonderived polyatomic ion interferences such as 12C12C+ for 24Mg, 12C16O+ for 28Si, and 40Ar12C+ for 52Cr. By using collision mode with helium gas or reaction mode with hydrogen gas, these interferences can be eliminated, enabling sensitive analysis. As an example, Fig. 2 shows the calibration curve for Mg under each condition. In the No Gas mode, the influence of 12C12C+ results in a high background equivalent concentration (BEC), making it challenging to analyze trace amounts of 24Mg. However, in collision mode, the interference from 12C12C+ was reduced, and BEC of 80 ng/g was obtained. Furthermore, in reaction mode, the interference from 12C12C+ was significantly reduced, and BEC of 0.8 ng/g was obtained, which enables trace amounts of 24Mg analysis. Detection limits are shown in Table 4. The detection limit was calculated as the concentration that gives a signal equivalent to three times the standard deviation (σ) of the calibration blank sample (STD0).<h4>Long Term Stability&nbsp;</h4>To evaluate the long-term stability of organic solvent analysis using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2050">ICPMS-2050</a>, light and middle distillates were analyzed over approximately 6 hours. To confirm the variability of the quantitative results, Check Standards were analyzed before sample analysis, every 10 samples, and at the end of the analysis. The results are shown in Fig. 3. All quantitative results of the Check Standard fell within the range of 90 to 110 % based on the prepared concentrations, which meets the validation requirements of ASTM D8110-17 (red dashed line). Additionally, the change in the intensity of the internal standard elements over approximately 6 hours are shown in Fig. 4. The change in intensity of the internal standard elements were within 90 to 120 %, which also falls within the validation requirements of 50 to 150 % asspecified in ASTM D8110-17 (red dashed line). These results indicate that the ICPMS-2050 has sufficient long term stability for the analysis of organic solvent samples.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>In this Application News, the analysis of metal elements in light and middle distillates was performed using the ICPMS-2050 and the organic solvent introduction system. Good results were obtained from spiking recovery tests and the analysis of reference material for residual fuel oil, demonstrating that trace metal elements in light and middle distillates can be accurately quantified with a simple sample preparation method that involves only dilution with organic solvents. Furthermore, the recoveries of the Check Standards and the change in intensity of the internal standard elements also satisfied the validation requirements of ASTM D8110-17, confirming stable analysis over long periods of time. Since it is possible to analyze without the complex procedures required for acid decomposition, the risk of volatilization or contamination of the target elements during the sample preparation process is reduced. Additionally, the use of solventresistant peristaltic pump tubing enables the in-line addition of internal standard elements, further reducing the time required for sample preparation.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 51, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 22nd December 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm and Shimadzu!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Trace Elemental Analysis of Precursor Materials Using ICP-MS/MS</h3>Robust detection of Pt, Ag, Cd, and Ti in high-metal matrices using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=8900+ICP-QQQ">Agilent 8900 ICP-QQQ</a> and reactive cell gases&nbsp;<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_precursor_materials_8900_icp_ms_5994_8841en_agilent_81f1d8ffb5.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Precursor materials are fundamental to the fabrication of integrated circuits (ICs). In atomic layer deposition (ALD), they enable the controlled growth of ultrathin films on semiconductor substrates—an essential capability for scaling advanced device architectures. Because even trace metal impurities in precursors can degrade film performance and device yield, both suppliers and manufacturers routinely analyze these materials. Due to its sensitivity and multi-elemental capabilities, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is the industry standard for assessing elemental impurities in semiconductor materials.1 However, the high concentration of the metallic (high-matrix) content of precursors and the prevalence of polyatomic and doubly charged ion (M++) spectral overlaps arising from the matrix on key analytes present challenges for accurate analysis by single-quadrupole ICP-MS. At one time, high-resolution (HR)-ICP-MS (m/Δm up to 10000) was the best choice for solving these kinds of analytical problems. But some interferences require a resolution that exceeds the capability of current HR-ICP-MS instruments. In these cases, the samples are sometimes diluted to reduce the concentration of matrix elements, but dilution cannot totally solve the interference and may negatively affect detection limits.&nbsp;Triple quadrupole ICP-MS (ICP-QQQ or ICP-MS/MS) combined with collision/reaction (CRC) gases overcomes these limitations by selectively removing or avoiding interferences without compromising sensitivity. Agilent ICP-QQQ systems use two quadrupoles (Q1 and Q2) as unit mass filters, enabling MS/MS operation and the controlled use of reactive cell gases. Q1 controls which ions enter the CRC and Q2 controls which ions reach the detector.2–4&nbsp;In this study, we evaluated the performance of the Agilent 8900 ICP-QQQ to determine key analytes in three simulated precursor materials. Each sample contained a highconcentration matrix of hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr), or molybdenum (Mo), which cause interferences on platinum (Pt), silver (Ag), and cadmium (Cd) and titanium (Ti), respectively. To demonstrate the 8900 ICP-QQQ system’s ability to remove spectral interferences without sacrificing sensitivity, we quantified the four analytes in the three matrices using optimized instrument operating conditions.<h4>Experimental</h4><h4>Instrumentation&nbsp;</h4>An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=8900+ICP-QQQ">Agilent 8900 Semiconductor configuration ICP-QQQ</a> (#200) fitted with the optional m-lens was used for all measurements. The 8900 #200 includes an inert (HF-resistant) sample introduction system comprising a 200 μL/min MicroFlow PFA nebulizer, a PFA spray chamber, endcap, and connector tube, and a demountable torch with a 2.5 mm internal diameter (id) sapphire injector. The cones comprised a Pt-tipped sampling cone and Pt-tipped, Ni-based skimmer cone for m-lens. The samples were self-aspirated using an Agilent SPS 4 autosampler. Hot plasma conditions (1% CeO+ /Ce+ ) were used during the analysis of the high-matrix samples.&nbsp;The 8900 ICP-QQQ was operated in MS/MS mode for all measurements. Ammonia (NH3 ) —plus a flow of helium (He) as a buffer gas—and oxygen (O2 ) were used as reactive cell gases to resolve the matrix-based interferences. Various CRC tuning modes and Q1–Q2 mass setting combinations were tested to obtain the best conditions for each analyte. The optimized operating conditions for the analysis are detailed in Table 1.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent 8900 Semiconductor configuration ICP-QQQ was evaluated for its ability to eliminate spectral interferences on four analytes—Pt, Ag, Cd, and Ti—in simulated semiconductor precursor materials using MS/MS and reactive cell gases. To accommodate challenging samples comprising Hf (500 ppm), Zr (500 ppm), and Mo (360 ppm) under hot plasma conditions (1% CeO+ /Ce+ ), the 8900 was equipped with the optional m-lens.&nbsp;Ammonia was applied in both on-mass and mass-shift modes to quantify Pt, Ag, and Cd at single-digit or sub-ppt levels. Oxygen on-mass mode effectively removed Mo-based doubly charged ion interferences on Ti, enabling accurate detection at single-digit ppt concentrations. Repeated analysis of the MoCl5 samples spiked at 50 ppt with %RSDs below 10% demonstrated the instrument’s robustness and consistent performance for ultratrace quantification in complex matrices.&nbsp;The 8900 ICP-QQQ delivered low background, high sensitivity, and reliable interference control, making it suitable for method development and trace-level screening of semiconductor materials.<h3>2. Metrohm: Fat content analysis in olive pomace with NIR spectroscopy</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_137_download_bb86ed4a7f.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Olive pomace is the main residue of the olive oil extraction process. It is a thick sludge – the remaining pulpy material after most of the oil is removed from the olive paste. To extract the remaining oil it contains, the olive pomace is treated with solvents. After refining and mixing this with edible virgin olive oil for flavor, aroma, and color, olive pomace oil is obtained. Olive pomace oil is used in cooking for its milder flavor and stability at high temperatures [1], as well as being nutritionally relevant due to its high oleic acid content (C18:1) [2]. Olive pomace fat analysis is necessary to check the efficiency of the oil removal process. The official method to determine this requires a time-consuming drying step followed by solvent extraction. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast, chemical-free method for olive pomace testing without any sample preparation.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT</h4>140 samples of olive pomace were measured on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=56&amp;search=NIR+Analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a>. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using the large cup accessory. The samples were measured in rotation to collect spectral data from several areas. Spectral averaging of signals from several spots helped to reduce sample inhomogeneity. Metrohm software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>RESULTS</h4>The obtained NIR spectra of olive pomace samples (Figure 1) were used to create a prediction model for quantification of fat content. The quality of the prediction model was evaluated using a correlation diagram (Figure 2) which displays a high correlation between the NIR prediction and the reference values measured with Soxhlet extraction. The respective figures of merit (FOM) display the expected precision of a prediction during routine analysis.<h4>CONCLUSION&nbsp;</h4>This Application Note shows the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy for olive pomace fat analysis. By using NIRS, chemical-free analysis can be conducted within seconds—a quick, easy, cost-effective alternative to determine the efficiency of the olive pomace oil removal process.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Analysis of Pharmaceutical Raw Materials Compliant with ICH Q3D Guideline Using ICP-MS with Collision Mode</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00925_en_c760bf6c08.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>The 24 elements identified in the ICH Q3D guideline can be measured with high sensitivity.</li><li>Pharmaceutical raw materials that are dissolved in ethanol can be easily analyzed using the Shimadzu ICP-MS organic solvent system.</li></ul>The presence of impurities in pharmaceutical ingredients is a concern within the medical pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, the International Council on Harmonisation of Technical Requirementsfor Registration for Pharmaceuticalsfor Human Use requires the management of metallic impurities in pharmaceuticals through guidelines using ICP-MS (ICH Q3D) 1), 2) . This standard specifies the Permitted Daily Exposure (PDE) for 24 elements of toxicological concern in oral preparations, injectables, and inhalants.&nbsp;In the case of oral preparations, only the seven elements of Classes 1 and 2A are considered, except in instances where elements are intentionally added, such as when used as catalysts during synthesis. However, the sources of elemental impurities are diverse and include not only components such as active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients but also manufacturing equipment and utensils.&nbsp;ICP-MS has the advantage of being able to analyze various trace elements simultaneously. It is often used for the analysis of elemental impuritiesin pharmaceuticals. The analyte for ICP-MS is usually a liquid sample, so solid samples require pretreatment.&nbsp;In this Application News, we measured three types of pharmaceutical raw materials and analyzed the impurities using the Shimadzu ICP-MS organic solvent system. Furthermore, the accuracy, precision, detection limits and specificity of 24 target elements are presented according to USP3), 4) and EP, assuming measurements below the Control Threshold of 30 % of the PDE.<h4>Instrument Configurations and Analysis Conditions&nbsp;</h4>Table 2 shows the instrument configuration for ICP-MS (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=ICPMS-2040">ICPMS-2040</a>). The organic solvent system was used to introduce the ethanol. By using the platinum sampling cone, damage from long-term exposure to organic solvents during analysis can be reduced. To reduce the labor required for sample preparation, the internal standards were added using the Online Internal Standard Kit. The analysis conditions are shown in Table 3.<h4>Accuracy and Precision Validation Results&nbsp;</h4>Measurements were carried out for n = 3 spiked samples with the target concentration of 50 % and 150 %, and n = 6 spiked samples with the target concentration and the blank (unspiked) sample. Spike recovery was calculated by averaging the quantitative values of all samples. Tables 6 to 8 show the measurement results.&nbsp;Accuracy: Spike recovery of the samples at each of the target concentrations of 50 %, 100 %, and 150 % was in the range of 94 % to 111 %, thereby satisfying the acceptance criterion. Precision (Repeatability): RSD of the spiked samples with the target concentration ranged from 0.27 % to 3.79 %, satisfying the acceptance criterion.&nbsp;Limit of quantitation: As accuracy for 50 % of the target concentration satisfied the acceptance criterion, the limit of quantitation could be confirmed.&nbsp;<h4>Specificity&nbsp;</h4>ICP-MS analysis often requires evaluation for potential interference by isotypes, polyatomic ions originating from Ar, oxides of coexistent elements and chloride ions. Here, the Cd was assessed. MoO, originating from the Class 3 element Mo, causes interference with Cd. A 1350 μg/L Mo solution (concentration equivalent to 1.5J) was analyzed, and the amount of interference with Cd was measured. Here, in addition to using collision gas, interelement correction was also performed. Table 5 shows the results.&nbsp;When the collision gas was used without interelement correction, interference by MoO was reduced but not eliminated. However, the quantitative value was below the lower limit of detection when the collision gas was used in combination with interelement correction. This result confirmed that the use of interelement correction, together with a collision gas, enables the appropriate correction of interference that could not be eliminated by the collision gas alone.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>In this Application News, we measured three types of pharmaceutical raw materials and analyzed 24 elements indicated in the ICH Q3D guideline using the Shimadzu ICP-MS organic solvent system. In accordance with the pharmacopeias (USP, EP), the accuracy, precision, quantification limit, and specificity were confirmed. The results of the validation demonstrated that the performance meets the acceptance criteria with a sufficient margin. Based on the above, it was determined that the Shimadzu ICPMS-2040 is an effective analytical method for the 24-element analysis of pharmaceutical raw materials that can be dissolved in ethanol.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 52, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 29th December 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by LECO, Metrohm and Shimadzu!<h3>1. LECO: Determination of Nitrogen/Protein in Cheese</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/FP_928_NITROGEN_PROTEIN_CHEESE_203_821_673_db228174b4.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Protein is one of the most significant nutrient components in cheese. The accurate and precise determination of protein not only plays a role in the characterization of the nutritional value of cheese but is also key in determining the economic value of different cheeses. A rapid and precise method for the determination of total protein in cheese provides a vital quality and process control procedure.&nbsp;Protein in cheese is most commonly calculated using the measured total Nitrogen content in the sample and a multiplier or protein conversion factor (typically 6.38). Protein conversion factors vary depending on the sample matrix. Nitrogen determination in organic materials is performed using either a classical wet chemical method (Kjeldahl), or a combustion method (Dumas). The Kjeldahl method involves sample digestion, distillation, and ammonia determination typically by titration. This method involves time-consuming sample preparation and the use of hazardous materials. The LECO FP928 is a Nitrogen determinator that utilizes an automated combustion (Dumas) method and provides accurate and precise results in approximately five minutes. This eliminates involved sample preparation and the use of hazardous materials resulting in a rapid, cost-effective method for the quality control of cheese production.&nbsp;<h4>Instrument Model and Configuration&nbsp;</h4>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=25&amp;search=FP928">FP928</a> is a macro combustion Nitrogen/Protein determinator that utilizes a pure Oxygen environment in a high-temperature horizontal ceramic combustion furnace, utilizing ceramic boats designed to handle macro sample masses (~1.0 g). A thermoelectric cooler removes moisture from the combustion gases before they are collected in a ballast. The gases equilibrate and mix 3 in the ballast before a representative aliquot (3 cm or 3 10 cm volume) of the gas is extracted and introduced into a flowing stream of inert carrier gas (Helium or Argon) for analysis. The aliquot of gas is carried through a heated reduction tube, filled with Copper, to convert Nitrogen Oxide combustion gas species (NO2) to Nitrogen (Nx). The aliquot gas is then carried to a thermal conductivity cell (TC) for the detection of Nitrogen (N2). Thermal conductivity detectors work by detecting changes in the thermal conductivity of the analyte gas compared to a reference/carrier gas. The greater the difference between the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas and the analyte gas, the greater the sensitivity of the detector. The FP928 supports either the use of Helium or Argon as the instrument's carrier gas. When used as a carrier gas, Helium provides the highest sensitivity, and the best performance at the lower limit of the Nitrogen range. The thermal conductivity difference between Argon and Nitrogen is not as great as the thermal conductivity difference between Helium and Nitrogen; therefore, the detector is inherently less sensitive when using Argon as a carrier gas.<h4>Analysis Considerations&nbsp;</h4>The combustion of cheese samples with a high-fat content can result in some degree of sooting. The primary filter tube (glass and steel wool) should be monitored for signs of sooting. If soot is observed in the glass and steel wool within the primary filter tube, reduce the sample mass to prevent this soot build-up, and change the glass and steel wool as necessary. The combustion of cheese samples can also result in the formation of salts; therefore, it is important to monitor the primary filter tube for signs of excessive corrosion of the steel wool and change it as necessary (approximately every 50 cheese samples). In addition, the autoloader arm should be inspected and cleaned on a regular basis when analyzing cheese products.<h3>2. Metrohm: Analysis of fabric softeners and laundry perfumes with NIR spectroscopy</h3>Determination of dry matter, pH, and viscosity in seconds<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_136_download_0bff06e8c8.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Fabric softeners and laundry perfumes (concentrated fragrances) are a category of personal care/laundry products used for their ability to make textiles softer, smoother, and more pleasantly scented after the washing cycle. A variety of raw materials is necessary to manufacture these products, and different analytical methods are often required before production can commence. Traditional analysis requires time-consuming methods. This Application Note describes how viscosity, dry matter content, and pH level of fabric softeners and laundry perfumes are measured with near-infrared spectroscopy. Nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast, chemical-free analysis technique for quality control of fabric softeners and laundry perfumes without sample preparation.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>Fabric softener and laundry perfume samples were measured with an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=56&amp;search=OMNIS+NIR">OMNIS NIR</a> Analyzer Solid (Figure 1) in transflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using a 1 mm gap size reflector and 28 mm disposable vials. Reference values of dry matter were measured by loss on drying, and pH and viscosity were determined with a pH meter and viscometer, respectively. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=56&amp;search=OMNIS+Software">OMNIS Software</a> was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>RESULT</h4>The obtained NIR spectra (Figure 2) were used to create prediction models for quantification of dry matter, pH value, and viscosity. The quality of the prediction models was evaluated using correlation diagrams (Figures 3–5) which display a very high correlation between the NIR prediction and the reference values. The respective figures of merit (FOM) display the expected precision of a prediction during routine analysis.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note shows the feasibility of the analysis of dry matter, pH, and viscosity in laundry perfumes and fabric softeners with near-infrared spectroscopy. Measurement of all three quality parameters can be conducted within seconds without using any chemicals. NIRS can be used in several steps of the production chain or during quality control of the final product, saving manufacturers time and money. Additionally, with NIRS only one technology is required, compared to the standard analytical techniques often used for these determinations (Table 1).<h3>3. Shimadzu: Content Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soil by ICP-MS</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01002_en_deeffe27a1.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>High-sensitivity analysis at less than 1/100 of Japan’s soil content standard is possible.</li><li>Correction methods and H2 reaction conditions reduce interference from rare earth elements when measuring As and Se.</li><li>Variation in measurement sensitivity due to the soil matrix is small, enabling stable measurement even when measuring multiple samples over a long time.</li></ul>Soil pollution occurs when chemical or hazardous substances in the soil harm the environment and human health. Soil pollution may be caused by natural phenomena, but most is caused by human activities such as leakage of hazardous substances from industrial activities and improper disposal of waste.In Japan, soil surveys are conducted in accordance with the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act to prevent harm to human health. These surveys are mandatory when facilities using specified hazardous substances are decommissioned or when the characteristics of land over a certain size have changed. Two types of tests are conducted: soil leaching tests and soil content tests. Soil leaching tests are conducted to evaluate the risk of ingesting groundwater containing hazardous substances leached from the soil, and soil content tests are conducted to evaluate the risk of directly ingesting hazardous substances from the soil through the mouth or skin. The number of such soil surveys is increasing year by year, and since many samples need to be analyzed simultaneously, even in laboratories that accept them, stable and robust analysis equipment isrequired.&nbsp;In this Application News, soil content tests were conducted on five types of soil samples using an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=ICPMS-2050">ICPMS-2050</a>. The results of the validity of the analysis, the influence of interference from rare earth elements (REE), and long-term stability are also presented.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Soil content tests were conducted using the ICPMS-2050. The measurement sensitivity was 1/100 or less of the soil content standard, and the validity of the measurements was shown by recovery tests, which confirmed that the influence of the matrix was minimal. Interelement correction and half-mass correction are effective for interference from REE, and the correction method can be selected depending on the measurement requirements. Furthermore, it was shown that for Se measurement, the interference from Ar and Gd can be largely eliminated by using H2 reaction conditions. Regarding long-term stability, the variation of the measurement sensitivity was small, and the quantitative values remained stable even when high-matrix samples derived from soil were repeatedly measured. Furthermore, by using the advance rinse function, the sample introduction volume can be reduced, shortening measurement times and improving stability

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 53, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 5th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Multi-Elemental Analysis of Lithium Aluminum Titanium Phosphate by Automated ICP-OES</h3>Assay of all-solid-state Li-ion battery electrolytes by <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5800+ICP-OES">Agilent 5800 ICP-OES</a> with ADS 2 autodilutor<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_solid_state_battery_LATP_5800_icp_oes_5994_8814en_agilent_e06fd80560.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Rising global electricity demand and the shift away from fossil fuels are driving developments in the cleaner energy and energy storage sectors. Among the emerging energy storage technologies, all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are attracting attention due to their enhanced safety, higher energy density, and improved performance relative to conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Current research is largely focused on optimizing the electrolyte composition of ASSBs, which use a solid electrolyte in place of the liquid or gel electrolyte found in conventional LIBs.&nbsp;Various properties of lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP) make it suitable as a solid electrolyte material for use in ASSBs.1 It has high ionic conductivity (reaching 10–⁴ to 10–³ S/cm at room temperature, close to or exceeding some liquid electrolytes), which improves battery charging and discharging efficiency.&nbsp;Compared to sulfide-based solid electrolytes, LATP is more chemically stable in air and water, minimizing the requirement for an inert atmosphere during processing. This property simplifies manufacturing and reduces costs of storage and transportation. LATP is compatible with high-potential (5 V) cathode materials such as LiNiCoMnO2 (NMC), improving cell energy density. It also offers excellent mechanical strength and ease of processing, allowing it to be shaped into thin films that support miniaturization and robust battery design. The accurate determination of major, doping, and trace elements in materials such as LATP is important at all stages of development, from R&amp;D to pilot-scale production and full-scale manufacturing. The ratio of major elements to doping elements significantly affects the ionic conductivity and stability of lithium (Li) ions, while trace impurities can compromise stability and mechanical strength. Elemental impurities can accumulate during battery charging/ discharging cycles, leading to battery performance degradation, such as shortened cycle life, reduced efficiency, or potential safety risks. Multi-elemental analysis of battery precursors like LATP is therefore vital for ensuring the overall quality of ASSBs.2&nbsp;Battery scientists also require methods to analyze the elemental composition of spent electrolytes to investigate changes that occur during charge and discharge cycles. These analyses support the production of consistent and reliable materials, promoting technological advancement and enabling the industrial implementation of ASSBs.&nbsp;Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is widely used for the simultaneous measurement of multiple elements in complex samples, due to its speed, stability, and tolerance to high total dissolved solids (TDS). Samples with elevated concentrations of matrix elements are classified as high TDS. These samples can pose several analytical challenges for ICP-OES, including spectral interferences from overlapping emission lines, plasma instability, signal drift, and increased maintenance. However, these challenges can be managed or avoided using fieldproven instrumentation. The Agilent 5800 Vertical Dual View (VDV) and 5900 Synchronous Vertical Dual View (SVDV) ICP-OES instruments have seen widespread adoption throughout the LIB value chain, effectively addressing the diverse analytical requirements of the industry.3&nbsp;In a recent study, the 5800 VDV ICP-OES was used for the quantitative analysis of the matrix elements in a Lithium Lanthanum Zirconate Tantalum sample, another all-solidstate electrolyte material.4 The 5800, which uses a robust vertical torch, SSRF generator, Cooled Cone Interface, and is engineered without moving optical components, ensured excellent stability and no maintenance-related interruptions during the analysis.5<h4>Experimental</h4><h5>Instrumentation&nbsp;</h5>The Agilent ICP-OES Automation System was used for the analysis of the LATP sample digests (Figure 1). The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5800+ICP-OES">Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES</a> was equipped with a MiraMist nebulizer, inert spray chamber, and a fully demountable torch assembly with a 1.8 mm id injector. The Agilent ADS 2 in-line autodilutor was used for the automatic preparation of calibration standards and autodilution of samples. Details of the operation and capabilities of the ADS 2 can be found elsewhere.10 Following preparation, the standards and samples were delivered to the ICP-OES by the Agilent SPS 4 autosampler.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>A highly automated ICP-OES method was developed for the simultaneous measurement of four major elements and 16 minor and trace elements in lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP) solid electrolyte samples. The samples were acid digested using microwave-assisted digestion and then analyzed using an Agilent ICP-OES Automation System. The automated system comprised an Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES with integrated AVS 7 switching valve coupled to an ADS 2 intelligent dilution system, all controlled by Agilent ICP Expert Pro software.&nbsp;The ADS 2 automatically prepared the calibration standards from two stock solutions, accelerating the preparation process, reducing analyst workload, and minimizing labware usage. Calibration curves with correlation coefficients above 0.999 for all elements were autogenerated.&nbsp;MDLs below 1 mg/kg were achieved for most of the trace elements in the sample. Recoveries of all 16 trace elements spiked at both 0.2 mg/L (1.0 mg/L for Mg) were between 91 and 107%, confirming the accuracy of the method. The instrument displayed excellent stability during the analysis of the four matrix elements in the actual LATP samples over two hours, with data fluctuation below 1%.&nbsp;The automated quantitative ICP-OES method supports R&amp;D and QA/QC by detecting impurities like Fe, Mg, and Na, while also measuring Li, Al, Ti, and P in the same run. Ensuring the quality of LIB-electrolyte materials is important to meet desired performance targets, enhance safety, and extend the longevity of solid-state batteries.<h3>2. Metrohm: Quality control of honey with NIR spectroscopy</h3>Simultaneous determination of color and glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, and turanose content with results in seconds&nbsp;<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_135_download_157810ae7b.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Honey is mainly comprised of the sugars glucose and fructose, which make up to 85% of its total weight. It additionally contains sucrose, a disaccharide composed of fructose and glucose, and other disaccharides such as maltose and turanose—present in concentrations from 0.5 to 3.5% [1]. The sugar content of honey is usually measured with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Honey's color is a quality attribute evaluated by consumers and is an important sensory property in the beekeeping market. Internationally, different types of honey are classified using the Pfund color scale. All of these honey quality parameters can be measured simultaneously in just a few seconds without any sample preparation using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>Pure honey samples were measured with an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=OMNIS+NIR">OMNIS NIR Analyzer Solid </a>(Figure 1). All measurements were performed in transflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using a 2 mm gap size reflector and 28 mm disposable vials. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=OMNIS+software">OMNIS Software</a> was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development. HPLC was the reference method used to measure the concentration of glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, and turanose in honey. Color was measured using a Pfund colorimeter and the Pfund scale, which ranges from 0 to 140 mm (from very light-colored honey up to the darkest honey).<h4>RESULT</h4>The obtained NIR spectra of honey samples (Figure 2) were used to create prediction models for quantification of glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, and turanose content, as well as color. The quality of the prediction models was evaluated using correlation diagrams (Figures 3–8) which display a very high correlation between the NIR prediction and the reference values. The respective figures of merit (FOM) display the expected precision of a prediction during routine analysis<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note displays the benefits of using near-infrared spectroscopy for quality control of honey. Color, along with glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, and turanose content can be measured simultaneously in only a few seconds. Measurements performed with NIR spectroscopy do not need any sample preparation nor solvents, saving users time and money. By using NIRS, only one analytical technology is required for sample measurement, compared to other conventional methods (Table 1). Finally, NIRS does not require skilled technical operators to perform the measurements, unlike HPLC.<h3>3. Waters Corporation: High-Throughput Measurement of Compound Solubility and Physical Form with BMI</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009139_en_40f2d10920.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Aqueous solubility of small molecule compounds is an essential parameter during the hit-to-lead stage of drug discovery as well as during lead optimization and formulation. Low solubility can impact biological assays in a number of ways, including underestimated potency and toxicity, inaccurate structure-activity relationships (SAR), and difficult to interpret results. Poor bioavailability and underestimated toxicity directly impact downstream formulation and manufacturability of dosage forms – increasing development costs and reducing the chances of a drug candidate’s success.1–3&nbsp;In this application note, we introduce backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI) on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=5&amp;search=HORIZON">HORIZON® system</a> as a rapid and sensitive high-throughput method for compound solubility measurement. Particle analysis with BMI is easy to perform, requires as little as 25 of sample, and is unaffected by solvents or other media components. In addition, highly resolved images and shape distribution data provide valuable information on morphology of precipitated solids for more comprehensive solubility characterization.<h3>Results and Discussion&nbsp;</h3><h4>BMI Overcomes Limitations of Other Solubility Screening Methods&nbsp;</h4>Despite its critical importance at early stages, current methods for solubility measurement have limitations that affect reliability and/or time to results (Figure 1). In the more cumbersome multi-step methods, precipitates are removed by filtration or centrifugation, and concentration of compound remaining in solution is measured by various detection technologies such as UV absorbance or mass spectrometry coupled with HPLC. These methods are not only time consuming and inefficient, but can be affected by compound sticking to filters, incomplete removal of low-density aggregates by centrifugation, and interference by solvents and matrix impurities.<h4>How BMI Works&nbsp;</h4>The HORIZON® system system uses sophisticated image-processing techniques coupled with a simple workflow to acquire and analyze particle data. First, the HORIZON® membrane plate wells are measured to generate a background image (Figure 2a). Samples are then pipetted directly onto the membrane wells and filtered through by vacuum, capturing insoluble particles on the surface. The same wells are re-imaged in the HORIZON® instrument. After measuring, the software aligns and processes background and sample images pixel by pixel so that background texture is eliminated, and particles can be viewed in high contrast with minimal interference from membrane surface imperfections (Figure 2b).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Here, we have demonstrated how high-throughput membrane imaging with BMI on the HORIZON® system offers reliable, informed solubility assessment of small molecule compounds. In addition, imaging provides valuable information on solid state morphology for better interpretation of solubility results. Whether used as a primary solubility screening method, an orthogonal technique, or as a check to eliminate problematic candidates prior to in-depth characterization, implementing BMI technology can accelerate drug discovery and early ADME workflows - providing more complete information with less time and less material than traditional methods.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 02, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 12th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu, and Waters Corporation and brochure by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Detecting Spice Adulteration with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> Chemical Imaging System</h3>Accelerating adulterant detection in turmeric with IR spectroscopy and imaging&nbsp;<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_spice_adulteration_8700_ldir_5994_8800en_agilent_235b48c7e6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Spices are essential components of culinary practices worldwide, valued for their flavor, aroma, and health benefits. However, the intentional or accidental adulteration of spices with cheaper or foreign substances poses significant risks to both food quality and consumer safety. Adulteration practices often aim to increase product volume, enhance visual appeal, or mimic authentic flavors, compromising the integrity of the final product.1Common adulteration practices include substituting genuine plant materials with cheaper or visually similar ones, using inferior plant species or parts, and mixing with fillers such as corn starch, bran, or sawdust. Some products are also adulterated with chemicals to enhance flavor, inorganic substances such as sand, chalk, or red brick powder, or illegal dyes such as Sudan dyes and rhodamine B to intensify&nbsp;color.1–4&nbsp;Current tools for detecting adulteration in herbs and spices face several challenges. Sampling across complex supply chains often lacks consistency, making it difficult to obtain representative samples.5 The chemical and physical complexity of sample matrices, combined with natural variation among species and origins, complicates data interpretation.5&nbsp;In&nbsp;ground or powdered spices, the original plant structures are lost, making it difficult to visually or morphologically identify adulterants, particularly when they are fine or physically similar to the genuine&nbsp;material.6 An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system</a> (Figure&nbsp;1) was used in this study to detect spice adulteration through the integration of infrared spectroscopy and&nbsp;microscopy<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4>Agilent Clarity software: To evaluate the 8700 LDIR's capability in distinguishing genuine spices from common adulterants, a series of pure and adulterated samples were prepared and analyzed using the system's automated Particle Analysis (PA) workflow.<h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>Identification of pure spices (turmeric)&nbsp;</h5>To verify the 8700 LDIR and the user&nbsp;generated library in identifying particles of varying sizes, shapes, and counts, the pure turmeric sample was analyzed as an "unknown". Turmeric sample identification demonstrated high spectral matching accuracy. Within the selected analysis area, 74&nbsp;particles were detected and 70&nbsp;particles (94.6%) were matched to the turmeric reference spectra in the custom library. Notably, 64 particles achieved Hit Quality Index (HQI) values exceeding 0.8, indicating strong spectral correlation and high confidence in the identification data (Figure 2).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This study demonstrates the suitability of the Agilent 8700 LDIR chemical imaging system with Agilent Clarity software as an effective tool for detecting adulteration in ground spices. Using the automated Particle Analysis (PA) workflow, the system quickly and reliably distinguished turmeric from both organic (corn starch) and inorganic (sand) adulterants based on their distinct IR spectral signatures.&nbsp;Differentiating between chemically similar spices remains challenging due to overlapping IR profiles. However, the 8700 LDIR system's ability to build custom spectral libraries offers flexibility for targeted authentication, allowing laboratories to adapt the system to their evolving analytical needs.&nbsp;A key advantage of the 8700 LDIR method is the speed and simplicity of sample preparation—dry powders can be analyzed directly on low-e slides without solvents or extraction. By combining the high-throughput automated PA workflow with integrated imaging, the 8700 LDIR provides a practical, time-saving solution for routine analysis in food testing&nbsp;laboratories.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Observation of the Automotive Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery “4680” Using a Micro-Focus X-ray CT System</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01060_en_5e744626ad.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>The internal structure of the “4680” cylindrical lithium-ion battery for automotive use, which is a market trend, can be observed nondestructively.&nbsp;</li><li>Electrode placement and bonding condition can be verified, which is useful for product quality inspection.</li></ul>In recent years, with the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs), the development of high-performance, low-cost automotive batteries has become an urgent priority. Among these, the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” has attracted particular attention. Compared with the conventional “2170,” the “4680” is larger, and its energy density per cell is increased, thereby extending vehicle range. In addition, the adoption of a tab-less structure reduces internal resistance, improving charge/discharge efficiency and thermal management performance, while simplification of the manufacturing process is expected to reduce cost. Owing to these characteristics, the “4680” is drawing attention across both industry and academia as a core technology for next-generation EVs. Meanwhile, lithium-ion batteries are always subject to concerns about the risk of ignition and explosion due to internal short circuits or foreign matter inclusion. Because X-ray CT enables nondestructive testing (NDT) with three-dimensional visualization of internal structures, it is possible to detect fine defects such as electrode misalignment, separator damage, and foreign matter inclusion.&nbsp;This article introduces a case study in which the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” for automotive applications was observed using the microfocus <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=inspeXio+7000">X-ray CT system inspeXio 7000</a> (Fig. 1).<h4>Conclusion</h4>We presented a case study of imaging the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” using a microfocus X-ray CT system. By nondestructively visualizing its three-dimensional structure, it is possible to obtain important information on the battery’s internal structure, such as the arrangement of electrodes and their bonding state. Thus, X-ray CT is shown to be a powerful tool that contributesto the advancement of battery technology.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer</h3>Enabling accurate, real-time results for process monitoring in hazardous locations<ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/marqmetrix_all_in_one_x_process_raman_analyzer_ds1339_en_c1739807d2.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2208">Thermo Scientific™ MarqMetrix™ All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer </a>is a compact, portable spectrometer designed for fast deployment and ease of use. Built for industries where rapid time-to-results is critical, it is designed to be intrinsically and inherently safe for operation within hazardous locations, in such applications as:&nbsp;<ul><li>Midstream and downstream oil &amp; gas operations&nbsp;</li><li>Chemical and polymer applications&nbsp;</li><li>Pharmaceutical development and manufacturing</li></ul><h4>The MarqMetrix All-In-One X Analyzer offers multiple operational advantages:&nbsp;</h4><ul><li>Analysis without sample preparation, delivering Raman spectral results in real time&nbsp;</li><li>Easy setup and deployment by non-spectroscopists&nbsp;</li><li>Intrinsically and inherently safe optical power to robust probes, which can be deployed in hazardous locations: up to ATEX Zone 0 (Europe &amp; Middle East), IECEx (Asia), and Class 1 Div 1 (North America)&nbsp;</li><li>Nondestructive workflows to protect precious samples&nbsp;</li><li>A small footprint for convenient deployment&nbsp;</li><li>Factory calibration for hardware stability and portability&nbsp;</li></ul>The MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer is designed for out-of-the-box use, enabling you to be ready in less than 15 minutes to collect highly accurate Raman measurements. Pack this analyzer in a protective case and take it to the point of need; its factory calibration ensures continuous and precise analysis on the go. Easily integrate the MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer into your existing process without the need for costly technical expertise. Once implemented, the analyzer enables operators in hazardous locations to make faster, safer, and smarter decisions by delivering real-time compositional insights directly on site.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: Residual Dynabeads Detection with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura+</a></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009096_en_aeb7e4288f.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Autologous cell therapies have seen explosive growth as evidenced by the recent landmark FDA approvals of two CAR-T cell therapies, Yescarta® and Kymriah®. 1 Dynabeads™ are commonly used in cell therapy manufacturing process to expand and activate CAR-T cells.2 CD3/CD28 Dynabeads specifically are one of the leading approved GMP expression beads for T cell therapies and are key to achieving the potency required of these novel medicines. Dynabeads are also efficiently removed from the final product to ensure final purity. However, residual CD3/CD28 beads present a significant risk patients’ safety and therefore are generally kept below a widely accepted but not yet regulatory controlled limit of 100 residual beads per 3,000,000 cells.3–4&nbsp;Residual bead analysis is currently performed with manual hemocytometry that uses light microscopy and manual counting. However, manual hemocytometry is prone to human error, which leads to significant bead undercounting because it is incredibly difficult to find and differentiate between Dynabeads and cells in a sample, making residual bead counting one of the most challenging cell therapy lot release assays. Other traditional cell and subvisible analysis tools, including flow cytometers, also undercount beads and cannot differentiate residual Dynabeads from cells and other subvisible particles.&nbsp;In this technical note, we show step-by-step how Aura CL and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura+</a> enable fast, accurate, sensitive, and specific residual Dynabead detection in a concentrated cell therapy product. Powered by backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI) to characterize the entire cell therapy particle population and side illumination membrane imaging (SIMI) to specifically detect Dynabeads, Aura® CL and Aura®+ are the first and only tailored solutions to find and count these hard to detect contaminants.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Analysis of the cell therapy sample on Aura CL or Aura+ begins with the BMI well image, where sharp contrast, high resolution optics provide the landscape to count and size all the particles in your cell therapy product. SIMI imaging, which is run at the same time as BMI, enables the differentiation of biologic vs. non-biologic particles which is essential to this application. Figures 2 and 3 capture how BMI detects all particles present in a cell therapy sample, while SIMI mode selects for particles of higher refractive index contrast. In BMI mode, cells, Dynabeads, and mixtures of the two were all easily visible. However, in SIMI mode, only the residual Dynabeads were detected both in the standard high-throughput 4x mode and in the 10x high magnification mode. This is essential for specific detection of residual Dynabeads given their low abundance in a highly concentrated cell sample as shown in Figure 4. We determined that the limit of quantitation (LOQ) of Dynabeads is &lt;1 bead/well (or 18 beads/mL of sample), well below the hemacytometer residual bead detection rate of 1 bead per 10,000 cells. Additionally, the bead counts in our dilution series exhibited a linear relationship, measuring an R2 of 0.98. Using Aura CL or Aura+ for residual Dynabead detection provides greater accuracy and higher-throughput in counting compared to the cumbersome and error prone currently used methods. Resolving false positive counts can be easily rectified by measuring the particles at higher magnification, where single Dynabeads identity can be confirmed by size. Aura CL and Aura+ deliver the only automated way of measuring single Dynabeads in concentrated cell therapy solutions, while also offering built in orthogonal confirmation through various objectives and light sources.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 03, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 19th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm and Shimadzu and brochure by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: ICP-OES Analysis of Copper Recovered from Li-Ion Batteries for Foil Manufacturing</h3>Automated characterization of materials for battery remanufacturing using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5800+VDV+ICP-OES">Agilent 5800 ICP-OES</a><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_copper_recycled_batteries_5800_icp_oes_5994_8850en_agilent_1318ecdd02.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The main goal of lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling is to recover essential elements so they can be reused in the production of new batteries.1 This cyclic process not only reduces waste and environmental impact but also helps lower manufacturing costs and supports the growing demand for battery materials.The key elements recovered during LIB recycling include lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni), which are used in cathode production, as well as copper (Cu), which is critical for making Cu foil.&nbsp;On average, LIBs contain around 10–15% Cu by weight, making it an ideal metal for recovery. During remanufacturing, the recycled Cu is dissolved in sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce an aqueous copper sulfate solution (CuSO4), commonly referred to as a Cu electrolyte. Once this solution reaches the desired concentration, Cu is electroplated to produce high-purity Cu foil.2 After Cu removal, the remaining electrolyte still contains valuable metals, such as Co, Ni, and Li, which can also be recovered and refined for reuse. The process is summarized in Figure 1.In this study, a fully integrated system comprising the Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES, Advanced Valve System (AVS 7), Advanced Dilution System (ADS 2), SPS 4 autosampler, and instrument software was used to quantify 23 elements in three real-word recycled copper electrolyte samples. The elements included: aluminum (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), Co, Cu, iron (Fe), lead (Pb), Li, magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), Ni, phosphorus (P), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), tin (Sn), potassium (K), zinc (Zn).&nbsp;The copper electrolyte samples were analyzed as received. The method’s accuracy, robustness, and stability were assessed via a spike-recovery test on actual samples and a five-hour long-term stability test of 187 samples.<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4><h5>Instrumentation&nbsp;</h5>All measurements were performed using an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5800+VDV+ICP-OES">Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES</a> configured with an AVS 7 switching valve, ADS 2 autodilutor, and SPS 4 autosampler (Figure 2). Combined with Agilent ICP Expert Pro software, these components represent the Agilent ICP-OES Automation System. The sample introduction system consisted of a SeaSpray nebulizer, double-pass cyclonic spray chamber, argon humidifier accessory, and Agilent semi-demountable VDV torch with a 1.8 mm internal diameter (id) injector.&nbsp;An internal standard (IS) solution comprising 5 mg/L scandium (Sc) and 100 mg/L rubidium (Rb) was prepared in 3% H2 SO4 using Agilent single element standard solutions. The ISs were used to account for any matrix effects that may arise from the sample matrix. The seven-port AVS system enables the IS solution to be directly plumbed into the valve so it can be introduced with the sample.<h4>Method development&nbsp;</h4><h5>IntelliQuant Screening&nbsp;</h5>As part of the ICP Expert Pro software, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=IntelliQuant">IntelliQuant Screening</a> routine can be used to collect full-spectrum data of a sample, requiring only a few seconds analysis time and with little input from the analyst.9 The IntelliQuant algorithm then processes the full-spectrum data against premeasured calibrations, generating a semiquantitative reading for every element present in the sample.IntelliQuant Screening was used in this study during method development to determine the approximate concentration of elements in the three Cu electrolyte samples. The data informed the selection of the calibration range, internal standards, and emission lines best suited for accurate quantitative analysis.&nbsp;The software can display the data in various ways, including as a periodic table heatmap or pie chart. Figure 4A shows a pie chart of the elemental composition of the Cu electrolyte 3 sample. As expected, Cu and S were the predominant elements. To better understand the trace components of the sample, Cu and S were excluded from the graphic, revealing the presence of additional elements such as Na, Ca, Fe, Li, Si and Ni, among others (Figure 4B).Yttrium (Y), a widely used internal standard, was detected in the sample (Figure 4C). This guided the selection of Sc and Rb as internal standards.&nbsp;The IntelliQuant star rating system further supported method development by recommending optimal emission lines and identifying potential spectral interferences. For instance, in this sample, the Zn 213 and Zn 202 nm lines were affected by interferences from Fe and Cu, and Cu, respectively (Figure 4D). Based on this valuable information, Zn 206 nm was selected as the most suitable line for the quantitative method.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent ICP-OES Automation System—a combination of the Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES with the AVS 7 switching valve, ADS 2 autodilutor, SPS 4 autosampler, and ICP Expert Pro software—provides a powerful solution for elemental analysis in lithium battery recycling and copper foil remanufacturing. The system delivered accurate, precise, and reproducible results across a wide concentration range, even in challenging high-matrix copper electrolyte samples. Automated prescriptive and reactive dilutions minimized manual sample handling, reduced errors, and ensured that all analytes were reliably quantified within calibration limits.&nbsp;Spike recovery and long-term stability tests further demonstrated the robustness of the method, with recoveries within 100 ±5% and precision better than 1.3% RSD over five hours of continuous operation. These results confirm that the ICP-OES Automation System not only streamlines sample preparation and analysis but also enhances laboratory productivity, data quality, and confidence in results.&nbsp;By simplifying the analysis of complex matrices while maintaining accuracy and throughput, the system enables laboratories in the energy and chemicals sector to efficiently support the recovery and reuse of critical elements from lithium-ion batteries, contributing to sustainable battery manufacturing.<h3>2. Metrohm: Paprika powder analysis with NIR spectroscopy</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_134_download_9720122671.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Paprika powder is a common cooking spice. The bright red color makes paprika powder an ideal natural colorant in seasonings, sauces, confectionary products, processed cheeses, etc. Its quality is directly associated with the presence and proportions of flavoring, coloring, and pungent compounds. Paprika's pungency is primarily attributed to capsaicinoids. Capsaicin accounts for ~71% of the total capsaicinoids in the most pungent paprika varieties [1].Spiciness is measured using the Scoville Heat Unit (SHU) scale (sweet paprikas &lt;500 SHU, hot paprikas 2500–8000 SHU). The color is determined according to the American Spice Trade Association (ASTA) [2]. In this study, quality parameters including the capsaicin content, ASTA color, SHU, water activity (aw), and ash content were measured simultaneously in paprika powder samples using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>Paprika samples were measured using a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+Analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a>. No sample preparation nor solvents were required. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using the large cup accessory. The samples were measured in rotation to collect spectral data from several areas. Spectral averaging of signals from different spots helped to reduce sample inhomogeneity. Metrohm software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION&nbsp;</h4>This Application Note displays the benefits of analyzing paprika powder with NIR spectroscopy. NIRS allows all the mentioned quality parameters (i.e., capsaicin content, ASTA color, SHU, water activity (aw ), and ash content) to be measured simultaneously in only a few seconds. Measurements performed with NIR spectroscopy do not need any sample preparation nor solvents, unlike other conventional analytical methods (Table 1). This ultimately leads to a reduction in workload and related costs, and also keeps lab personnel safer.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Torsional and Pinching Dynamic Characteristics Testing of Rubber Vibration Isolators [JIS K6385]</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01035_en_164ff9c18a.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Dynamic characteristic tests based on JIS K6385 can be performed.</li><li>Frequency sweep tests automatically measure dynamic characteristic values at each frequency.&nbsp;</li><li>Tests in both torsional and pinching directions can be performed simply by changing the jig.</li></ul>Rubber vibration isolators are a product designed to prevent or mitigate the transmission of vibration and shock and are widely used in various fields such as transportation equipment, construction, and industrial machinery.&nbsp;JIS K6385 “Rubber vibration isolators - Testing methods” specifies several test methods and termsfor evaluating the performance of rubber vibration isolators1). Among these, tests in the torsional direction around the central axis and tests in the torsional direction around an arbitrary axis perpendicular to the central axis (pinching test) are defined for cylindrical rubber vibration isolators. Cylindrical rubber vibration isolators are used for supporting and coupling vibration sources such as engines and motors, and play an important role in reducing noise and stabilizing performance. When mounted on a vehicle, loads are applied in both the torsional and pinching directions, so it is necessary to evaluate the characteristics of each.&nbsp;This article introduces examples of dynamic characteristic tests in the torsional and pinching directions for cylindrical rubber vibration isolators. International standards corresponding to JIS K6385 have not been established at present.<h4>Calculation of Various Dynamic Characteristic Values&nbsp;</h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=JIS+K+6385">JIS K 6385</a> specifies calculation methods for various dynamic characteristic values, referring to JIS K6394. Absolute spring constant, storage spring constant, loss spring constant, damping factor, and loss factor are each calculated from Formulas 1 to 5 respectively. Like energy, these can be calculated by frequency sweep test and resonance frequency tracking test software. For torsion and pinching tests, test force is converted into torque and displacement into angle. The international standard corresponding to JIS K6394 is ISO 4664-1.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Using a combined axial force and torsion testing machine, torsional and pinching dynamic characteristic tests were conducted on cylindrical type vibration isolators based on JIS K6385. By using the frequency sweep test software, it was possible to quickly confirm the dependence of various dynamic characteristic values on the excitation frequency.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Thermo Scientific X-Ray Sources: Flexible and robust performance for industrial and medical imaging applications</h3><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/x_ray_sources_product_family_brochure_6252fe8b12.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Thermo Scientific X-Ray Sources provide flexible, high-performance solutions for a wide range of industrial and medical imaging applications. Designed for reliability and long-term operation, these sources are used in testing, inspection, and imaging tasks ranging from printed circuit boards, semiconductor devices, and batteries to medical fluoroscopy and dental quality control. The portfolio comprises four distinct microfocus x-ray source families, each offering multiple variants to closely match performance to specific application requirements.All Thermo Scientific x-ray sources are based on sealed microfocus x-ray tube technology with beryllium windows, enabling robust uptime, precise electron beam control, and exceptionally small focal spot sizes for high-resolution imaging. Key design advantages include controlled focal spot performance, optimized geometric magnification, and configurable cone-of-illumination options, allowing users to balance resolution, penetration depth, field of view, and throughput. These characteristics are critical for both low-energy, high-resolution imaging and high-voltage inspection of dense materials such as electric vehicle battery cells.The brochure also explains the fundamental principles of x-ray generation and interaction with matter, highlighting how voltage, power, focal spot size, and focus-to-object distance (FOD) directly influence image quality, contrast, and detectability of internal defects. Understanding these parameters enables users to select an optimal source configuration for non-destructive testing, automated inspection, or medical imaging workflows.Thermo Scientific supports customers throughout the full lifecycle of their x-ray systems, offering expert application guidance, global service coverage, and reliable supply chains. With a comprehensive range of microfocus x-ray sources—from compact, cost-effective models to high-power, wide-beam solutions—the portfolio delivers dependable performance, scalability, and flexibility for demanding industrial and medical imaging projects.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 04, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 26th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm and Shimadzu and brochure by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Thin Multilayer Analysis Using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> Chemical Imaging System</h3>Rapid micrometer-scale measurement of layer thickness and composition identification in laminated materials<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_thin_multilayer_materials_8700_ldir_5994_8799en_agilent_892afacbb6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Multilayer laminate materials represent a structurally and chemically complex system. They often comprise several distinct polymer layers that are engineered for specific functional roles, despite having total thicknesses of only a few hundred microns. Each layer contributes unique properties such as mechanical strength, barrier performance, or environmental protection, depending on its chemical composition and thickness. Accurate identification and measurement of these thin layers is therefore critical, as defects or deviations in layer thickness can compromise product integrity. Weaknesses can cause failures through damage, potentially resulting in safety issues for the user.Precise mapping and micrometer-scale thickness analysis is essential during the development, quality control, and troubleshooting of multilayer materials. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system</a> offers a powerful solution for this application. By combining IR spectroscopy with high-resolution imaging, the system enables chemical identification and visualization of polymer layers with exceptional spatial detail. Enhanced by the intuitive Agilent Clarity software, the 8700 LDIR delivers a fast and effective workflow for multilayer material characterization, addressing key needs in quality assurance, failure analysis, and reverse engineering.&nbsp;<h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>User-generated spectral library&nbsp;</h5>Following sample preparation, the 8700 LDIR high‑magnification visible camera provided an overview of the laminate structure of sample 1, revealing three distinct layers. The total thickness of the sample and each layer was measured using the Clarity software ruler feature. As shown in Figure 3, the total thickness of sample 1 based on the visible image was measured to be 150 µm (layer 1: 50 µm; layer 2: 50 µm; layer 3: 50 µm). A high‑resolution IR image was then acquired at 1,442 cm–1 with a 1 µm pixel size, enabling detailed visualization of the layer morphology under infrared light (Figure 3).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent 8700 LDIR chemical imaging system provides a powerful, non-destructive solution for multilayer analysis across diverse applications ranging from food packaging to battery separators. By combining a laminate holder, high-magnification imaging, IR imaging, and line profile spectral collection, the method delivers clear insights into layer thickness, morphology, and material composition. The ability to quickly build custom spectral libraries within the Agilent Clarity software further enhances its utility, especially for identifying unknown materials or contaminants in multilayer&nbsp;materials. The 8700 LDIR multilayer analysis workflow supports both R&amp;D innovation in advanced materials and routine quality assurance across different industries.<h3>2. Metrohm: Almond analysis with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy</h3>Multiparameter determination of moisture, fat, and protein<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_132_download_ab5d492c05.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Almonds are nutritious edible nuts from the almond tree and can be eaten whole or processed in other foods. During processing, quality control (QC) parameters like moisture levels are checked to ensure that the correct percentage is reached before moving on to other stages (e.g., grinding or packaging). When determining almond quality, destructive analytical techniques are helpful but can involve extensive sample preparation and solvent extractions. These traditional techniques are also slow and expensive. Nondestructive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a great alternative because it is fast, simple, and cost effective [1]. In this study, almond moisture content (water content), protein content, and fat have been measured using NIRS. NIR spectroscopy offers the rapid and reliable prediction of several quality parameters in seconds without any sample preparation.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>60 samples of ground almonds and 60 samples of whole almonds were measured on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+Analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a>. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using the large cup accessory. The samples were measured in rotation to collect spectral data from diverse areas. Spectral averaging of signals from several spots helped to reduce sample inhomogeneity. Metrohm software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note demonstrates that almond protein content analysis, almond fat content analysis, and almond water content (or almond moisture content) analysis can be done with NIRS. NIR spectroscopy offers users a faster, simpler, highly accurate alternative to standard analytical methods for the analysis of ground and whole almonds during processing and final product quality control (Table 1). By using NIRS, all of these parameters can be measured simultaneously without sample preparation, saving time and money.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Technique for Measuring Microplastics Collected on Various Filters Using a Particle Filter Holder</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00976_en_155bd58551.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Particle filter holders provide clear microscope images of samples, enabling highly accurate measurements.</li><li>Microplastics can be analyzed accurately and efficiently by using a particle filter holder with a high-speed mapping program and a particle analysis program.</li></ul>Since microplastics (MPs) (with diameters ranging from a few µm up to 5 mm) are widely recognized as an environmental problem in marine environments, Japan’s Ministry of the Environment has issued guidelines for preparation and measuring MPs in environmental surface waters. 1)&nbsp;The guidelines include examples of using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) to identify plastics by the total reflectance measurement method. However, to identify fine MPs, they recommend using instruments like infrared microscopes.&nbsp;In recent years, an increasing number of studies have analyzed fine MPs smaller than 100 µm. Measuring MPs with an infrared microscope requires collecting samples on a filter. Various types of filters can be used for infrared microscopes, each with unique characteristics. But if a filter cannot be held horizontal during drying or measuring, it can develop wrinkles that might decrease measurement accuracy. Therefore, a particle filter (PF) holder was developed that can be placed directly on an infrared microscope stage while holding the filter horizontally. This article describes using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=IRXross">IRXross Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer</a>, an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=AIMsight">AIMsight infrared microscope</a> (Fig. 1), and a PF holder to evaluate the properties of various filters and measure a standard sample of MPs.<h4>Example of Measuring MPs&nbsp;</h4>Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) particles that fell through a 100 µm mesh were dispersed in purified water. They were then collected by suction filtering through PTFE, Al2O3, Au/PC, and stainless steel filters (Table 1). After collecting the particles, the filters were dried using a PF holder. Fig. 5 shows the filter holder placed in the infrared microscope. Measurement condition settings are indicated in Table 2. The PTFE and Al2O3 filters were measured by the transmission method, whereas the stainless steel and Au/PC filters were measured by the reflection method. For the highspeed mapping program in this measurement, a peak detection range of 3,400 to 2,400 cm-1 was specified for detecting the signal from hydrocarbons (C-H). If there are peaks in that range, the range will be scanned the specified number of times. A tiled image of each filter is shown in Fig. 6. The areas marked with a yellow box were measured. For more information about the high-speed mapping program, refer to <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01001_en_79904665ce.pdf">Application News No. 01-01001-EN</a>.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This article describes using a PF holder to collect fine microplastic particles on various types of filters, and it provides a summary of the characteristics of each filter. Since there are differences in the wavenumber ranges and data acquisition methods for each filter type, users need to understand the individual characteristics of a filter when using it. The results also show that by using a PF holder to hold the filter flat, fine microplastic particles can be conveniently measured with an infrared microscope to obtain clear images and accurate measurements. Furthermore, a highspeed mapping program and particle analysis program can be used to accurately and efficiently analyze microplastics.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Raman at the speed you need - Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Family</h3><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SS_53191_DXR_3_raman_family_spec_sheet_896bbe523e.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Family is a versatile portfolio of Raman spectroscopy instruments designed to deliver high-quality chemical information quickly and reliably across a wide range of applications. Built on a shared, modular platform, the family includes the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">DXR3 Raman Microscope</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2237">DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2235">DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer</a>, enabling users to choose the optimal configuration for point analysis, high-resolution imaging, or bulk sample characterization. All systems emphasize ease of use, reproducibility, and rapid data acquisition, making advanced Raman analysis accessible to both expert spectroscopists and routine laboratory users.The DXR3 Raman Microscope provides research-grade performance with sub-micrometer spatial resolution and intuitive point-and-shoot operation, supporting demanding analytical tasks such as microanalysis, depth profiling, and chemical mapping. For applications requiring fast, high-resolution chemical imaging, the DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope delivers exceptional stability, automated feature identification, and rapid image acquisition over both small and large areas. Its advanced EMCCD detector technology and intelligent autofocus significantly reduce experiment time while maintaining high data quality, making it ideal for materials research, pharmaceuticals, and life sciences.The DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer is optimized for high-performance bulk sample analysis in busy analytical laboratories. Featuring a large sampling compartment and flexible accessories, it accommodates a wide range of sample formats—from powders and tablets to liquids in bottles or vials. Variable Dynamic Point Sampling (VDPS) technology enables representative averaging over large sample areas, improving reproducibility and reducing sampling bias. Together with multiple excitation laser options and interchangeable gratings, the system supports diverse analytical workflows with minimal maintenance.Across the entire DXR3 family, pre-aligned, user-exchangeable Smart Components, automated alignment and calibration, and powerful OMNIC™ software ensure consistent performance and simplified operation. Extensive microscopy, macro-sampling, and automation options allow systems to be tailored to specific applications, while robust system qualification and diagnostics support long-term reliability. Overall, the DXR3 Raman Family combines speed, flexibility, and analytical confidence, making it a comprehensive solution for modern Raman spectroscopy in research, quality control, and industrial environments.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 05, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 2nd February 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm, Shimadzu and Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: High Precision Analysis of Major Components in Precious Metals by ICP-OES</h3>Determination of major components in jewelry alloys by ICP-OES and standard bracketing per ISO methods<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_precious_metals_standard_bracketing_5800_icp_oes_5994_8849en_agilent_5260c9c8be.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Accurate quantification of major components in precious metal alloys can be challenging due to high precision and accuracy requirements, often to stringent industry-specific standards. This challenge is particularly relevant for the precious metals industry, where the stoichiometric composition and purity of metal alloys define both product quality and commercial value. A technique for high-precision measurements developed specifically for the precious metals industry is standard bracketing. As described in ISO methods 11494 and 11495 for ICP-OES analysis,1,2 this technique employs standard–sample–standard sequencing, which improves control over instrumental fluctuations and matrix effects, ensuring high levels of accuracy and precision.Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) is a powerful technique that is often used to analyze trace impurities in a broad range of samples. Both the Agilent 5800 and 5900 ICP-OES instruments are inherently precise, as discussed elsewhere.3 However, precision is further improved when the instruments are operated with the ISO-compliant standard bracketing feature within the Agilent ICP Expert Pro software version 7.8 onwards. The software provides additional useful features for jewelry assaying, catalyst refining, and material recycling. These functions include built-in automated result summarization, reporting in fineness (‰), karat (k), or concentration units, and processing tools specifically for determining major components and purity analysis. Standard bracketing is also applicable to other demanding applications, such as semiconductors, fertilizers, and the emerging battery materials sector.&nbsp;In this study, the Agilent 5800 Vertical Dual View (VDV) ICP-OES with Agilent SPS 4 autosampler and ICP Expert 7.8 Pro software4 was used to determine the purity of gold (Au), palladium (Pd), and platinum (Pt) in three precious metal alloys. The analytical procedure was in accordance with ISO methods 11494 and 11495.<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4><h5>Instrumentation&nbsp;</h5>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5800+VDV+ICP-OES">Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES</a> was configured with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=SPS+4+autosampler">Agilent SPS 4 autosampler</a>, which provided automated sample delivery to the instrument (Figure 1). The 5800 ICP-OES was equipped with a SeaSpray nebulizer, double-pass cyclonic spray chamber, and Agilent one-piece VDV torch with a 1.8 mm internal diameter (id) injector. All components were controlled by Agilent ICP Expert Pro* 7.8 software. Instrument operating parameters are listed in Table 1.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This application demonstrates the effectiveness of highprecision standard bracketing calibration for the quantification of major components in gold, palladium, and platinum alloys using the Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES.&nbsp;By employing gravimetrically prepared standards and integrating internal standard correction, the method improves analytical precision (RSD) more than threefold compared to conventional external calibration. It also reduces sample-tosample fluctuations, resulting in a 400× improvement in RPD values between duplicate measurements.&nbsp;The high precision and reproducibility of the standard bracketing method enable accurate assaying of precious‑metal samples, making it ideal for quality control of high‑value materials where composition control is often required within ±0.1%.&nbsp;The latest version of <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=+ICP+Expert+Pro+software">Agilent ICP Expert Pro software</a> facilitates the standard bracketing method and includes tools for in-worksheet calculations and custom result displays. This approach simplifies metal-alloy purity testing, enables direct interpretation of sample purity in industry-standard terms, and provides confident, traceable quantification in accordance with ISO methods.&nbsp;The method is useful in other applications that require tight composition control, such as battery materials, catalysts, semiconductors, and fertilizers.<h3>2. Metrohm: Biodiesel content in diesel with nearinfrared spectroscopy</h3>Monitor the fuel blending process within seconds<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_126_download_800056c376.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The properties of biodiesel fuel, which is produced from vegetable oils or animal fat, are very similar to petroleum-derived diesel, but biodiesel pollutes less. In most countries the common biodiesel blend is B20, which ranges from 6% to 20% biodiesel content. Measuring the biodiesel content in diesel is important, as higher levels can cause deposits in older diesel engines, clogging the fuel filters and pumps. Fuels with high levels of biodiesel also tend to absorb more moisture compared to petroleum-derived fuels. With near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), the biodiesel content is determined in seconds without any sample preparation. Compared to other test methods like those used in ASTM D7467, biodiesel content analysis with NIR spectroscopy saves time and enables the implementation of online process monitoring with fiber optics.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>Twenty-one diesel samples with varying biodiesel content from 0% to 20% were measured on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=OMNIS+NIR">OMNIS NIR Analyzer</a> Liquid (Figure 1) in transmission mode (1000–2250 nm) using 8 mm disposable vials. The vial temperature was set and monitored at 30 °C with the built-in vial sensor to ensure consistent measurement performance. OMNIS Software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note shows the results of a biodiesel content analysis test without the need for any sample preparation, using near-infrared spectroscopy in place of other more time-intensive analytical techniques. This ultimately leads to a reduction in workload and the related costs. Alongside the biodiesel content test, additional fuel quality parameters like cetane number, moisture, or flash point can be determined with NIRS.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Quantitative Analysis of Lead (Pb) and Arsenic (As) in Cosmetic Raw Material Powders</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00965_en_dc464e4caa.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>&nbsp;With simple sample preparation, lead and arsenic in cosmetic raw material powder can be quantified simultaneously.</li><li>Increased X-ray tube output and optimized optical design have improved sensitivity for heavy elements.</li><li>Continuous analysis of up to 48 samples is possible, improving analysis throughput.</li></ul>The management of lead and arsenic contained in cosmetics raw materials is important for protecting people's health. Although colorimetric methods have been used for these analyses, there is a growing need for trace control due to tighter regulations in recent years, leading to a consideration of a shift to instrumental methods that enable quantification. Candidates for instrumental methods include ICP optical emission spectrometry/mass spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. While the former method is highly sensitive, powder and solid samples need to be dissolved in an acid such as nitric acid or hydrochloric acid. In contrast, X-ray fluorescence analysis is convenient because it can be analyzed without dissolving the sample.&nbsp;This application news introduces the analysis of two inorganic oxide powders (talc and titanium oxide) using the energydispersive <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ALTRACE">X-ray fluorescence Spectrometer ALTRACE</a> (Fig. 1).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This application news reports on the quantitative analysis of lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) in two types of inorganic oxide powders: talc and titanium oxide. The analysis was performed using the energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer ALTRACE, which allows for the analysis of powders without dissolving them. ALTRACE enables simultaneous analysis of Pb and As, unlike traditional colorimetric methods that test them separately. Additionally, ALTRACE can analyze 48 samples continuously, significantly improving the efficiency of the testing process.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Advantages of coincident XPS-Raman in the analysis of mineral oxide species</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/advantages_xps_raman_analysis_mineral_oxide_an52950_d492664cb5.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>XPS is an extremely versatile technique that has found widespread use in a myriad of application areas, from contact lenses to aerospace materials. XPS is unique in that it can quantify the elemental and chemical composition of a material’s surface with extreme selectivity, since the typical information depth of XPS being less than 10 nanometers.&nbsp;Raman spectroscopy is utilized in many similar application areas as it requires little sample preparation, is nondestructive, provides information on molecular structure, and enables users to identify materials quickly, thanks to extensive spectral libraries.&nbsp;The implementation of XPS and Raman with other analysis techniques is well established; XPS has a long history of complementary use with related ultra-high vacuum (UHV) analysis techniques, such as UV photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and ion scattering spectroscopy. In these cases, additional equipment is added to the spectrometer to give coincident, complementary information.To overcome these problems, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=ARXPS">Thermo Scientific™ Theta Probe Angle-Resolved X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer (ARXPS) System</a> has been integrated with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2238">Thermo Scientific iXR™ DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer</a> to provide a multimodal analysis platform. The system aligns the XPS analysis position exactly with the Raman analysis position, ensuring that the data is collected from the same position.&nbsp;The coincident XPS-Raman removes any requirement to transfer the sample from one instrument to the next between analyses, minimizing additional sample handling and exposure to different conditions that can lead to sample contamination or degradation.<h4>Summary&nbsp;</h4>In conclusion, XPS is used for quantitative determination of both elemental and chemical composition for any solid material compatible with UHV analysis, whereas Raman spectroscopy is used for identification of referenced compounds by careful spectral matching that searches algorithms and spectral databases. The combination of XPS and Raman spectroscopy on the DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer integrated with the Theta Probe ARXPS System, allows more powerful analysis of a material than either technique in isolation, with the cleanliness, purity and stoichiometry of a sample determined using XPS, and identification and quantification of molecular structures determined using Raman spectroscopy. As both techniques are aligned to the same position within the vacuum system, all the time-consuming aspects of locating the same analysis point when transferring between instruments is removed, giving absolutely certainty that all the information acquired has come from the same region of sample, which is particularly useful when studying nonuniform samples.

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