This study examines the combustion behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 pyrotechnic delay compositions as sustainable alternatives to conventional materials. Thermodynamic modeling and experimental testing were used to evaluate the influence of compaction pressure, particle size, and granule size on burning performance.Results showed that increased compaction reduced burning rates by lowering porosity and shifting combustion from convective to conductive mechanisms. Residue and gas analyses supported a multistage reaction pathway, demonstrating the potential of B4C/Bi2O3 formulations for environmentally improved pyrotechnic applications.<blockquote><h4>The original article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964">Sustainable Pyrotechnics: Combustion Behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 for Delay Compositions</a></h4>Danillo F. Vianna Cantini, Vojtěch Pelikán*, Eva Schmidová, Jiří PachmanACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.<div>Pyrotechnic delay compositions are formulations designed to create a specific delay time, determined primarily by their burning rate. These compositions are essential in timing energetic events and are used extensively in both civilian and military applications. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> This broad usage leads to diverse motivations for studying such materials. In civilian contexts, such as mining, the focus is typically on safety and cost-effectiveness. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2)</a> For military purposes, reliability and precision are key factors, often with stringent performance requirements. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(3)</a>Pyrotechnic delay compositions are classified based on their combustion behavior into gassy or gasless types. In confined, sealed and obturated environments, gasless compositions are favored, to avoid gas buildup. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,4)</a> However, in unconfined or vented systems, gassy compositions are not problematic. For example, in fireworks, where combustion gases freely dissipate, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> or in vented housings like hand grenades or signaling devices, gassy delays are acceptable. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,6)</a>In gassy compositions, the burning rate is influenced by the loading (or consolidation) pressure. Hot gases generated by the chemical reaction penetrate gas channels (voids) in the material, igniting unreacted material through a process known as convective heating. As loading pressure increases, these voids are gradually reduced, which diminishes convection and subsequently lowers the burning rate. In contrast, for gasless compositions, burning is driven by conductive heating, where heat is transferred through direct particle-to-particle contact, leading to the opposite effect. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7−9)</a>Historically, up until World War II, black powder served as the foundation for most delay elements. Nowadays, it continues to be utilized for this function and others, but on smaller scales. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> Some more recent and traditional formulations for pyrotechnic compositions include fuels like silicon, boron, tungsten, zinc, iron, zirconium, and manganese. Examples of these are Si/Pb3O4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8,10)</a> B/BaCrO4 <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a>, W/BaCrO4/KClO4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,6,11)</a> Zn/PbO2, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(12)</a> Fe/BaO2, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(13)</a> Zr/KClO4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a> and Mn/PbCrO4/BaCrO4. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(14)</a>Currently, researchers are actively developing several new formulations for pyrotechnic delays. One of the main motivations for this is the need to transform these compositions into “greener” ones. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,2)</a> This means that compositions that could cause problems for the environment or human health should be avoided. To achieve this sustainability, the identification and replacement of known or potentially harmful, toxic, and carcinogenic compounds is vital. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(10)</a> Heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, toxic gases, volatile organic compounds and known causers of human health problems are examples of such substances to be removed. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2,5,15)</a>Specifically, there are several attempts to replace lead, barium, chromates, and perchlorates. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(15)</a> The reason is that most of the established delay formulations used today contain these substances. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2,5)</a> Lead, barium and chromium (contained in chromates) are heavy metals and are known to cause serious health problems in human, specially to nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,16)</a> Perchlorates are well-documented substances and are used in various pyrotechnic applications. However, they are widely recognized as contributors to thyroid issues. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a>From the above, it is clear that modern strategies in pyrotechnics are increasingly focused on developing new materials that prioritize both efficiency and sustainability. This shift imposes numerous restrictions, meaning that formulations must be designed with precise planning and thorough investigation to meet both performance and environmental standards.Boron could be considered the ideal fuel for pyrotechnic reactions due to its high energy content. However, it presents combustion issues for its limited reactivity due to boron oxide layer and boron agglomerates formation upon heating. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a> The boron oxide layer acts as a barrier, hindering oxygen (O) diffusion and consequently limiting the oxidation of boron. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18)</a>Boron carbide (B4C) is a natural candidate for combustion processes due to its lower ignition point, which is attributed to its higher reactivity. This reactivity stems from the diffusion of carbon (C) particles, which oxidize into gaseous products. These gaseous products create diffusion channels that penetrate the boron oxide layer, breaking down the layer and agglomerates, thereby further improving the reaction. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18,19)</a> B4C presents better combustion properties, with better burning stability and reliable self-propagation, resulting in better combustion efficiency. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a>Bismuth trioxide (Bi2O3) is an attractive oxidizer for pyrotechnic delay compositions due to several advantageous properties. Its high oxygen content and efficient oxygen release facilitate sustained combustion, while its favorable thermal properties, including a relatively low melting and decomposition temperature, ensure that oxygen is available at precisely the right moment to support a controlled reaction. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(20)</a> Additionally, Bi2O3 high density allows for compact formulations, promoting consistent and reliable burn rates. Also, it has a low heat of formation (approximately −582 kJ/mol), which is crucial to minimize the energy required to initiate its decomposition. This enhances the overall reaction efficiency, allowing Bi2O3 to rapidly release oxygen without consuming excessive energy, thus ensuring sustainable and stable combustion. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a>In addition to their technical advantages, Bi2O3 and B4C offer a significant environmental benefit: they are considered more eco-friendly compared to other materials commonly used in pyrotechnic compositions. Bi2O3 serves as a less toxic alternative to traditional oxidizers like lead-based compounds, reducing the risk of environmental contamination and exposure to harmful heavy metals. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,8,16)</a> Similarly, B4C contributes to cleaner combustion, producing fewer pollutants and minimizing the environmental impact. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a> This makes both materials not only effective but also greener choices for sustainable pyrotechnic applications.<h4>2. Experimental Section</h4><h5>2.8. Material Characterization</h5>Particle and granule size distribution were measured with a Malvern Mastersizer 3000 (Malvern Panalytical). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was carried out with a TESCAN MIRA (TESCAN) to examine morphology and confirm particle size. A 40 cm3 combustion chamber was used to analyze pressure profile, quantify solid residues, and collect combustion gases for further analysis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed using a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2392">Nicolet iS50 FT-IR</a> (Thermo Scientific) and standardized nitrogen (N2) background to identify gas-phase products. Thermal stability and water content assessments were conducted using TGA (NETZSCH TG 209 F3 Tarsus) and DSC (NETZSCH DSC 200 F3 Maia). Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was performed using a Bruker Quantax 200 (Bruker) for semiquantitative chemical composition analysis of the combustion residues. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed using a Rigaku MiniFlex diffractometer for complementary phase identification, while surface chemical states were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) using a Scienta Omicron ESCA2SR system.<h4>3. Results and Discussion</h4><h5>3.7. FTIR Analysis of Combustion Gases</h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig10">Figure 10</a> compares the FTIR spectra of combustion chamber gases from stoichiometric (blue) and fuel-rich (red) tests, highlighting CO and CO2 as the main species, consistent with Horiuchi. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18)</a> Normalizing their absorbance to concentration using standard references yielded CO2/CO ratios of 0.67 (stoichiometric) and 0.34 (fuel-rich). However, a quantitative analysis is approximate and inherently imprecise, as potential contamination during gas collection and measurement could affect the results, given the challenge of maintaining a completely controlled internal atmosphere. A small fraction of hydrocarbon species (e.g., CH4, C2H4, and C2H2) was also identified in both samples.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_10_Comparative_FTIR_spectra_of_combustion_gas_compositions_in_a_combustion_chamber_ac7b7daf84.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 10. Comparative FTIR spectra of combustion gas compositions in a combustion chamber." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_10_Comparative_FTIR_spectra_of_combustion_gas_compositions_in_a_combustion_chamber_ac7b7daf84.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1956" height="989">While experimental results indicate a higher CO2 presence than predicted, the overall trend aligns with expectations─higher fuel content shifts combustion products toward less oxidized species. Notably, the identified gaseous products are relatively simple and exhibit low toxicity compared to halogenated or metal-containing species commonly found in traditional pyrotechnic formulations, supporting the potential of this system as a more environmentally friendly alternative.Since the reaction involves both condensed-phase reactants and products, characterizing the solid residues is essential to evaluate the extent of reaction and gain insight into the actual progression of the reaction pathway. For this, SEM imaging and EDS analysis were employed to investigate the morphology and elemental composition of the combustion residues.<h5>3.8. SEM and EDS of Burning Residues</h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a> presents the SEM analysis of solid residues from the combustion of B4. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964/suppl_file/ao5c10964_si_001.pdf">Figure S5</a> exhibits images of the other samples. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a>a shows the top view of the burned delay element, revealing the distribution of residues across the surface, while <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a>b provides a magnified view of a region rich in bright spherical structures. These spheres are likely bismuth that transitioned through a liquid or gaseous phase during the reaction and solidified upon cooling. This phenomenon of spherical formation due to phase transition is well-documented in the literature. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(33)</a><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_11_SEM_analysis_of_B4_after_burning_8fc7a8f520.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 11. SEM analysis of B4 after burning: (a) top view (50 ×) of the burned delay element showing the distribution of solid residues across the surface; (b) magnified view (1 k×) of a region rich in bright spherical structures." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_11_SEM_analysis_of_B4_after_burning_8fc7a8f520.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="2092" height="831"><h5>3.10. Surface Chemistry of Combustion Residues (XPS)</h5>Survey spectrum scans identified the main photoelectron lines corresponding to carbon, oxygen, boron, and bismuth. High-resolution scans for the O 1s, C 1s, B 1s, and Bi 4f regions of B4 are presented in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig19">Figure 19</a>, allowing detailed peak deconvolution and chemical assignment.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_19_XPS_high_resolution_spectra_of_O_1s_C_1s_B_1s_and_Bi_4f_regions_for_B4_5c6064d013.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 19. XPS high-resolution spectra of O 1s, C 1s, B 1s, and Bi 4f regions for B4." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_19_XPS_high_resolution_spectra_of_O_1s_C_1s_B_1s_and_Bi_4f_regions_for_B4_5c6064d013.jpg 214w," sizes="100vw" width="2049" height="1498">The analysis confirmed B2O3 as a major surface product and indicated the presence of unreacted B4C in the B4 sample through B–C bonds. sp2 carbon was also detected in B4, suggesting possible graphite formation, as predicted in thermodynamic calculations. A2 showed more Bi3+ than B4, supporting that the stoichiometric composition had more residual Bi2O3, while the fuel-rich B4 sample promoted greater reduction to Bi0. The presence of Bi3+ on the surface observed may result from postcombustion reoxidation of Bi0. These results reinforce the proposed reaction pathway and the role of fuel excess in enhancing reaction completeness. In this analysis, the B 1s spectrum further confirms the absence of BN by the lack of B–N peaks, consistent with the EDS results, which also revealed no detectable nitrogen signal.All experimental findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of boron carbide and bismuth oxide reactions under both basic and applied conditions, particularly in delay compositions. These results provide new insights into the reaction pathway and the underlying combustion mechanism.<h4>4. Conclusions</h4>Stoichiometric formulations of B4C/Bi2O3, which ignited when not pressed, failed to burn after being lightly compacted; a fuel-rich composition is necessary to ensure combustion. The fuel-rich compositions ignited readily and maintained combustion without quenching. Water facilitated the granulation process and improved the final composition. With increasing loading pressure, burning rates decrease due to reduced convective heat transfer, leading the combustion process to transition toward a conductive regime. Particle size also impacted combustion, particularly with larger Bi2O3 particles, which influenced the combustion profile up to a certain threshold. Additionally, the granule size of the final composition was found to alter the burning behavior, with larger granules promoting faster combustion at lower pressures.Thermodynamic calculations provided an initial insight into the reaction process. The findings show that the reaction progresses through distinct stages: starting in a solid–solid preignition phase, transitioning to a solid–liquid phase as components melt, and culminating in a gas phase marked by significant product volatilization, illustrating a complete combustion evolution.FTIR analysis confirmed that the main gaseous products are CO and CO2, indicating reduced environmental toxicity. Elemental and phase analyses confirmed that the reaction followed the expected pathway, with Bi and B2O3 as the predominant products. No Bi2O3 was detected by XRD, indicating that the oxidizer was fully consumed in the bulk. Morphological analysis of the products suggests that, upon cooling, bismuth solidifies into small metallic spheres, while surface analysis indicates that B2O3 remains predominantly in the outer layer. Altogether, the results are consistent and complementary, reinforcing the reliability and scientific rigor of the study.All these observations accentuate the necessity of conducting experiments under application-specific conditions. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the combustion dynamics of low toxicity B4C/Bi2O3 mixtures but also underscore their potential for practical applications requiring precise delay times and environmental sustainability. The successful use of water as a green solvent further highlights the viability of developing sustainable pyrotechnic compositions. This research advances the field by providing valuable insights into optimizing performance while minimizing environmental impact through careful material selection and process control.</div>

Sustainable Pyrotechnics: Combustion Behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 for Delay Compositions

In the week from May 11, the following webinars await you in the field of atomic and molecular spectroscopy and spectrometry<blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinars">👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</a></h4>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database with over 5 500 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars.</blockquote><h5>1. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Uncovering Microplastics: Identification, Quantification, and Exposure Assessment</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 08:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6136">Registration</a></li></ul>In this webinar, we will explore complementary analytical solutions for comprehensive microplastics characterization.<h5>2. SPECTRO Analytical Instruments: Elemental Analysis of Superalloys: Ensuring Performance in Extreme Applications</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 10:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6170">Registration</a></li></ul>Learn how accurate elemental analysis ensures superalloy performance, with OES and XRF solutions for reliable quality control from lab to field.<h5>3. Agilent Technologies: What have you been smoking? Elemental Analysis in Cannabis and Cannabis Products with ICP-MS</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 20:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6063">Registration</a></li></ul>Learn how automated calibration and dilution streamline ICP-MS food testing workflows, improving accuracy, traceability, and productivity while addressing rare-earth doubly charged interferences.<h5>4. AZoM: Faster REE Exploration Decisions with XRF Technology Explained</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6195">Registration</a></li></ul>Join the webinar to see how handheld XRF provides a significant advantage in today's fast-paced REE landscape.<h5>5. Bruker: Advancing Industrial Metrology Automation with Bruker's Dimension AFMs</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6172">Registration</a></li></ul>This webinar will explore how Dimension AFM platforms support increasing levels of automation, from scripted measurements to data-driven control.<h5>6. Anton Paar: Polymer Rheology: Impact of Humidity on Material Behavior</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 18:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5801">Registration</a></li></ul>Discover how humidity impacts polymers and soft materials. Learn how moisture alters rheology, tackiness, curing, and flowability through real case studies across films, adhesives, foods, and powders.<h5>7. LECO: TOC Determination in Soil and Waste</h5><ul><li>Th, 14.5.2026 14:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6038">Registration</a></li></ul>Join this webinar to explore modern methods for TOC determination in soils and waste. Learn how standardized approaches, instrumentation, and method selection influence data quality and regulatory compliance.

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Routine chemical analysis typically involves several steps, e.g. selection of procedure, sampling, sample preparation, measurement, result calculation, uncertainty estimation, and reporting to customer. Based on the result, important decisions and actions are taken. The steps before and after the measurement are often referred to as “pre- and post-analytical”. There are many sources of uncertainty associated with this work, some of which can actually limit the overall quality.&nbsp;Proficiency testing (PT) and external quality assessment (EQA) schemes are effective means of assessing the quality of routine analyses. However, if there are specific procedures, either before or after the measurement, which are applied to the routine samples, but not to the PT test sample, the result reflects only the quality of part of the measurement process. Pre- and post-analytical PT/ EQA schemes are already widely used in laboratory medicine. The standard ISO 15189, that underpins accreditation of medical laboratories, stresses that EQA schemes should “... have the effect of checking the entire process including pre- and post-examination procedures ...”&nbsp;The examples in this leaflet illustrate the potential and importance of pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA. They are intended as an inspiration for the providers to further develop their external quality control activities.<h4>Pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA – a means for harmonisation&nbsp;</h4>By illustrating, e.g. lack of adherence to guidelines, or variation in sample preparation, or inconsistency in interpretation, pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA schemes pinpoint problems not apparent in other schemes. This may lead to improved harmonisation and changes to guidelines and standards.<h4>Example 1: Interpreting clinical chemistry information&nbsp;</h4>Patient background information together with analytical results can be used to check agreement of interpretational advice given by medical doctors. This type of scheme can, therefore, include both pre- and post-analytical aspects. The provider, e.g. through an expert group, ranks the quality of participants’ response and suggestions, and presents them in the report with comments.<h4>Example 2: Sampling requests in microbiology&nbsp;</h4>Using the scenario of food poisoning, pre- &amp; post-analytical aspects of sampling requests in a microbiology scheme can be highlighted. The provider gives information about food type, symptoms, and incubation time with a simulated sample. Participants choose which organism(s) to test for. The associated laboratory work involves examination of samples, report on method(s) of choice and results. Participants could, e.g. be asked to specify which toxins or pathogens are likely to cause the food poisoning and state whether or not they will disseminate information, e.g. to hospitals or food suppliers. The feedback report would then show the results of each participant together with the comments of the provider.&nbsp;<h4>Example 3: Toy testing&nbsp;</h4>Faulty design, usage and chance play a role in injury and death incidents related to children’s toys. Toy safety is the practice of ensuring that toys are safe, usually through the application of set safety standards. The PT provider sources a toy, performs visual assessment of its homogeneity, and distributes the samples. Participants are requested to assess the toy against the European standard EN 71 and they have to decide which clauses of the standard apply. The clauses chosen define the test(s) to be carried out. The feedback report will contain a “model answer” including clauses, tests and labeling requirements (when applicable).&nbsp;<h4>Example 4: Monitoring drinking water quality&nbsp;</h4>A post-analytical application can be underpinned by legislation and national regulations (Directive 98/83/EC). Participants receive a synthetic drinking water sample with properties close to one or more limiting values. They are requested to deliver results, uncertainties and a “pass/fail” recommendation to the customer. The recommendations of the provider are listed in the feedback report for educational purposes. Information can be fed back also to regulators to serve, e.g. as basis for further discussions.&nbsp;<blockquote><h5>More information / further reading&nbsp;</h5>Information about PT providers and schemes can be obtained from your national accreditation body, from the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.eptis.org/">EPTIS website</a> or from other national or international organisations.</blockquote>

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This presentation underscores FTIR Spectroscopy&#39;s efficiency in analyzing lithium-ion battery materials, particularly salts and solvents.
It highlights the Cary-630 FTIR Spectrometer with ATR interface as a pivotal tool, demonstrating FTIR&#39;s rapid, non-invasive, and cost-effective attributes. Through Cary-630&#39;s application, we exemplify how FTIR spectroscopy enhances material identification and quality control, showcasing its critical role in the innovation and reliability of lithium-ion battery technology.
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Presenter: Yanqia Wang, PhD (Application Engineer, Molecular Spectroscopy, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
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Dr. Yanqia Wang started working for Agilent Technologies Inc. as a FTIR application Engineer in 2013, providing pre-&amp;post-sale application support. The products he covers from Bench-top FTIR microscopes to various Mobile FTIR spectrometers. Dr. Wang received his PhD of analytical chemistry from Duke University in 2004, doing dynamic IR spectroscopy research. Then he joined Fitzpatrick Center for Photonics at Duke University, doing Tissue Raman spectrometer instrumentation. Since 2007, Dr. Wang worked for Avery Dennison Corp. as a spectroscopist, providing molecular analytical support to the research &amp; development.
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Agilent Technologies: Quick and Easy Material Identification of Salts and Solvents Used in Lithium-Ion Batteries by FTIR

Quick and Easy Material Identification of Salts and Solvents Used in Lithium-Ion Batteries by FTIR

This presentation underscores FTIR Spectroscopy's efficiency in analyzing lithium-ion battery materials, particularly salts and solvents

Salts and Solvents Used in Lithium-Ion Batteries by FTIR

As part of the global effort to reduce CO₂ emissions, biofuels are becoming an increasingly important source of green energy.
Quality control testing of biofuels is therefore crucial to ensure the efficiency and reliability of biogas, biodiesel, and fuel ethanol. 
In this webinar you will learn about the latest laboratory testing techniques that are used to ensure the quality, efficiency, and sustainability of modern biofuels to enable producers to confidently meet international regulatory requirements and to promote their widespread adoption in both industry and the wider society at large. 
Experts from Agilent Technologies will introduce a wide range of analytical testing solutions covering multiple technologies that are routinely used to detect organic and inorganic impurities in biodiesel and enable the stringent quality control of fuel ethanol, biogas and biogas blends to be achieved. The expert panel will be available to answer questions from the audience at the end of the presentation. 
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Presenter: Danny van Oevelen (LC Product Specialist, Agilent Technologies)
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Presenter: Luca Godina (GC &amp; GC/MS Application Specialist, Agilent Technologies)
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Presenter: Sebastien Sannac (Spécialiste produit spectroscopie atomique, Agilent Technologies)
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Presenter: Donald Inglis (Product Specialist EMEAI for FTIR, Agilent Technologies)
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Presenter: Remko van Loon (GC &amp; GC/MS Product Specialist, Agilent Technologies)
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Agilent Technologies: Comprehensive Quality Control Testing of Biofuels to Ensure a Greener, more Sustainable Future

Comprehensive Quality Control Testing of Biofuels to Ensure a Greener, more Sustainable Future

Learn about the latest laboratory testing techniques that are used to ensure the quality, efficiency, and sustainability of modern biofuels.

Comprehensive Quality Control Testing of Biofuels

Join us for an exclusive one-day hybrid event, here we&#39;ll explore the latest trends and innovations in microplastics analysis. The morning session will be live-streamed and recorded, allowing virtual articipation for those unable to attend in person.
We are excited to invite you to a special hybrid event in partnership with i3 Membrane, where we will delve into the latest trends and innovations in microplastics analysis. Whether you join us in person or virtually, you’ll gain invaluable insights and hands-on experience.
Event also available in live stream
<h3>Agenda:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Morning session: Gain key insights into <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=microplastics+analysis">microplastics analysis</a>, as well as <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=PFAS">PFAS</a> and other environmental contaminants, through engaging presentations by top researchers and industry experts.
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<li>Afternoon session: Participate in interactive workshops designed to enhance your practical skills in sample preparation. This provides a unique opportunity to master advanced techniques and methodologies under the guidance of professionals. Attend a live demo on the IR QCL-based <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">8700 LDIR</a>. Additionally, enjoy a guided laboratory tour offering an exclusive glimpse into the state-of-the-art facilities at the HEREON campus.
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<h5>9:15 a.m. - Welcome</h5>
<h5>9:20 a.m. - From Macroplastics to Mesoplastics: Challenges and Solutions</h5>
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<li>Dr. Marion Börger, Agilent Technologies,</li>
<li>Dr. Andreas Kerstan, Agilent Technologies</li>
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<h5>9:40 a.m. - i3 Membrane Session: Filter Membranes/Packaging - Jacobs</h5>
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<li>Kathrin Hahn, i3 Membrane</li>
</ul>
<h5>10:00 a.m. - Exploring Microplastic Sources and Distribution in Australian Soils</h5>
<ul>
<li>Subharthe Samandra, University of Melbourne</li>
</ul>
<h5>10:20 a.m. - Advancing Analysis: Eurofins&#39; Path to ISO 17025 Accreditation for Microplastics Testing</h5>
<ul>
<li>Julia Jäger, Eurofins</li>
</ul>
<h5>10:40 a.m. - Coffee Break</h5>
<h5>11:00 a.m. - Validation and Application of LDIR Imaging to Analyze Microplastics in Marine Samples</h5>
<ul>
<li>Lars Hildebrandt, Hereon</li>
</ul>
<h5>11:20 a.m. - Applying Multiple Analytical Techniques to Answer Open Questions About Offshore Wind</h5>
<ul>
<li>Alexa Zonderman, Hereon</li>
</ul>
<h5>11:40 a.m. - Sample-Based Subsampling Strategies to Analyze Large Quantities of Particles in LDIR</h5>
<ul>
<li>Manuel Andrade, University La Coruna</li>
</ul>
<h5>12:00 p.m. - Beyond the Surface: Spotlight on Plastic [Metal(loid)] Additive Leaching and Unseen Contaminants</h5>
<ul>
<li>Ole Klein, Hereon</li>
</ul>
<h5>12:20 p.m. - Microplastics back in food- Advantages of Thermal Desorption for a wide range of Samples</h5>
<h5>12:40 p.m. - Struggling with Solvent Effects During the Analysis of PFAS</h5>
<ul>
<li>Dr. Axel Ritter, Agilent Technologies</li>
</ul>
<h5>1:00 p.m. - Lunch Break</h5>
<h5>2:00 p.m. - An Analytical Toolbox to Unravel PFAS Source Fingerprints</h5>
<ul>
<li>Frank Menger, Hereon</li>
</ul>
<h5>2:20 p.m. - LDIR for Assessment of Microplastics in the VAMAS Ring Trial and Tissue in a Murine Infection Model</h5>
<ul>
<li>Christoph Krafft, IPHT</li>
</ul>
<h5>2:40 p.m. - Label-Free Infrared Spectroscopic Micro- and Nanoplastics Detection in Complex Matrices</h5>
<ul>
<li>Markus Brandstetter, Recendt</li>
</ul>
<h5>3:00 p.m. - Break in Dividing the Guests into Subgroups</h5>
<h5>3:10 p.m. - Lab Visits: Organic Lab, Microplastics Lab, Sample Prep, LDIR, and Other Techniques</h5>
<h5>4:50 p.m. - Wrap up</h5>
<h3>Meeting Information</h3>
<ul>
<li>Date: 29 October 2024
</li>
<li>Time: 9:00 a.m. to 4:50 p.m. CEST
</li>
<li>Location: GITZ GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 2, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany 
</li>
<li>Meals included: Enjoy complimentary lunch and snacks during the event.
</li>
</ul>
Limited spots available! Hurry, to secure yours today.
<blockquote>
<a href="https://explore.agilent.com/microplameeting24#form">Secure your spot</a>
</blockquote>

Agilent Microplastics Meeting 2024

We'll explore the latest trends and innovations in microplastics analysis.

Join Agilent and GERSTEL for a 3-day live virtual seminar discussing how you can assure safety, authenticity, and quality of alcoholic beverages. The focus will be on sharing the latest in technology developments and capabilities, new applications, and customer stories.<h4>Presentation 1: Use of FTIR Technology for the Analysis of Sugars and Sweeteners in the Production of Alcoholic Beverages</h4><ul><li>Rogelio García Juárez, Pre-Sales Application Engineer – Agilent Technologies</li></ul>Currently, fast, and accurate methods are required for the analysis of raw materials and various sources to produce alcoholic beverages, for the rapid identification and quantification of these materials, let's review FTIR technology for process controls, as the ideal alternative to other techniques such as HPLC.<h5>Key Learning Objectives/What attendees will learn:</h5>1. The use of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Technology in applications for the alcoholic beverage industry.2. Analysis for the identification and release of raw materials used in preparation of Spirits.3. Quick methods to determine the concentration of sugars and sweeteners for process control.<h5>Who Should Attend:</h5><ul><li>Producers of alcoholic beverages, distillates, prepared liqueurs, juices, and extracts.</li></ul><h4>Presentation 2: GC-MS Techniques for the Determination of 2-Methylisoborneol and Geosmin in Finished Whiskey</h4><ul><li>Nicole Kfoury, Applications Scientist, GERSTEL,Inc.</li></ul>2-Methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin are naturally occurring metabolites formed by bacteria and fungi, most often in surface water sources. They have musty/earthy odors and very low odor thresholds, meaning they can be smelled at concentrations of 1-10 ppt in water. As a result, products, such as whiskey, that use contaminated water in the process may have musty, earthy odors in the finished product. Due to the complexity of the whiskey matrix and the low odor threshold of MIB and geosmin, they can be challenging to quantify accurately. This work shows that a selectable, heartcutting 1D/2D-GC-MSD is required to accurately quantify MIB and geosmin in finished whiskey. &nbsp;<h5>Key Learning Objectives/What attendees will learn:</h5>1. Overview of solid phase microextraction (SPME) versus stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE).2. Overview of multidimensional, heartcutting GC-MS.3. How to accurately measure the concentration of 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin in complex samples such as whiskey.<h5>Who Should Attend:</h5><ul><li>Analytical chemists in the food, flavor, fragrance, and beverage industries.</li></ul><blockquote>Presnter: Rogelio García Juárez (Pre-Sales Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies)Rogelio García is an Applications Engineer for Molecular Spectroscopy in UV-Vis, FTIR, and Raman techniques at Agilent México and Latin America. Rogelio has a Bachelor’s Degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and a Master´s Degree in Environmental Engineering. He has worked in several developments of methods and applications in water, soil, and air, as well as in method design for the Pharmaceutical and Food industry. In this last one, he has developed an outstanding application method for alcoholic beverages such as Tequila using FTIR technology.Presnter:&nbsp;Nicole Kfoury, Ph.D. (Applications Scientist, GERSTEL, Inc.)Dr. Nicole Kfoury is an Applications Scientist at GERSTEL, Inc. in Baltimore, MD. She joined GERSTEL after receiving her Ph.D. in Analytical Chemistry at Tufts University and working as a Research Scientist at the Tufts University Sensory and Science Center. She is responsible for developing methods for sample preparation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and creating a Sensory Directed Analysis program at GERSTEL. She teaches customer training, supports pre- and post-sales opportunities, and provides analytical support to customers in a wide array of industries including food, flavor, fragrance, forensic, environmental, and chemical industries.</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Alcoholic Beverages Virtual Symposium: Spirits

Alcoholic Beverages Virtual Symposium: Spirits

How you can assure safety, authenticity, and quality of alcoholic beverages.

We kindly invite you to join us for this live webinar: An Introduction to Nanoscale Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging with Photothermal AFM-IR. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a commonly used characterization technique for organic materials and many inorganic compounds and crystals. While powerful, it is limited by the diffraction limit to resolution on the order of several microns, and the lateral resolution is strongly dependent on the wavelength. Photothermal AFM-IR&nbsp;is a novel technique which offers IR spectroscopy and imaging on materials with a lateral resolution 1000x better than traditional FTIR and &lt;1 nm detection sensitivity with model-free interpretation. AFM-IR achieves this by using an AFM probe as the detector of photothermal expansion. This opens a variety of applications on both organic and inorganic materials where nanometer sensitivity and resolution are key.<div> In this webinar we will:</div><ul><li>Introduce the photothermal AFM-IR technique</li><li>Explore the surprisingly simple mechanism underlying the technique</li><li>Highlight a few of its many broad applications</li><li>Offer a demonstration of photothermal AFM-IR on the Dimension IconIR system</li></ul><blockquote>Presenter: Peter De Wolf, Ph.D., (Director of Technology &amp; Application Development)Peter De Wolf is director for AFM technology &amp; application development at Bruker Nano Surfaces, covering all applications related to Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM). He obtained his PhD from IMEC, Belgium on the development of new SPM methods for 2D carrier profiling in semiconductors and has more than 25 years of experience on SPM. He is the author and co-author of over 30 publications related to electrical characterization using SPM. He also owns several SPM patents, and developed several new SPM modes for electrical characterization.Presenter: Cassandra Phillips, Ph.D. (Application Scientist, Bruker)Cassandra did her Ph.D. at the University of Toronto exploring the photophysics of boron nitride nanotubes using scattering scanning nearfield optical microscopy (s-SNOM) and computational models. She has been working at Bruker Nano Surfaces and Metrology since September 2019 as an Applications Scientist focusing on nanoscale IR spectro-microscopy and other correlated imaging techniques realized with atomic force microscopy.Presenter: Dr. Qichi Hu, (Senior Applications Scientist )Qichi is currently a Senior Staff Applications Scientist at Bruker Nano. He received a bachelor’s degree from Peking University and Ph.D. from University of British Columbia. He then did postdocs in U.S. university and national labs. Qichi has been working on nanoIR development and applications for over a decade, at Anasys and now at Bruker.</blockquote>

Bruker: Introduction to Nanoscale Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging with Photothermal AFM-IR

Introduction to Nanoscale Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging with Photothermal AFM-IR

An Introduction to Nanoscale Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging with Photothermal AFM-IR.

Nanoscale IR Spectroscopy / Imaging with Photothermal AFM-IR

Unlock a new level of precision and ease in your industrial operations with our upcoming webinar on FTIR gas analysis. Traditionally, gas analyzers demanded extensive expertise and complex setups, but Bruker has revolutionized this with cutting-edge technology that simplifies and accelerates the process of analyzing gaseous mixtures.Discover how innovative FTIR-based gas analysis systems, the Bruker MATRIX II-MG Series and the OMEGA 5 Gas Analysis System offer unparalleled dynamic range and effortless integration into any industrial setting. User-friendly interface and intuitive software make around-the-clock monitoring a breeze, providing real-time alerts when critical thresholds are missed. From power plants to production facilities, Bruker’s FTIR-based gas analyzers fit seamlessly into your existing workflows with remote control capabilities designed to enhance your operational efficiency.Join us to explore how state-of-the-art FTIR technology can transform your approach to gas analysis, making it simpler, more accurate, and adaptable to even the harshest industrial environments.Key takeaways will include:<ul><li>Modern FTIR gas analysis methods can dramatically simplify your operations.</li><li>Advanced analyzers that can easily integrate into your existing infrastructure.</li><li>Robust equipment designed to withstand challenging industrial conditions.</li><li>Elevate your gas analysis game and drive unparalleled efficiency in your production processes. Don’t miss out—click here to register today!</li></ul>

Quantum Analytics: Unleashing the Power of FTIR-Based Gas Analysis

Unleashing the Power of FTIR-Based Gas Analysis

State-of-the-art FTIR-based gas analysis technology can transform your approach to gas analysis

Microplastic pollution is emerging as a critical environmental issue, and studies have found its presence in the highest mountains and deepest seas. To better understand the spread and impact of microplastics, reliable and accurate analysis is required, from sample collection to preparation and, finally, analysis and reporting.Our speaker, Dr. Shuhei Tanaka, will explore the following topics while using a recent study of samples collected from the 8km deep Japan Trench:<ul><li>Optimizing sample preparation in sediments using hydrogen peroxide digestions and density separation techniques.</li><li>How to conduct recovery testing as a means of improving accuracy</li><li>Using complimentary techniques such as Pyrolysis coupled with GC/MS for analysis of nanoplastics</li></ul><h5>Key Learning Objectives:</h5><ul><li>Optimizing sample preparation</li><li>Suitability of LDIR for Microplastics analysis</li><li>Complimentary techniques for nano plastics analysis</li></ul><h5>Who Should Attend:</h5><ul><li>Laboratory managers</li><li>Microplastics researchers</li><li>Principal investigators</li><li>Post Doctoral researchers</li><li>Microplastics analysts from commercial, QA, or research labs&nbsp;</li></ul><blockquote>Presenter: Dr. Shuhei Tanaka (Associate Professor at the Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto, Japan)Presenter: Kelly McSweeney (Contributing Editor, C&amp;EN Media Group)</blockquote>

C&EN: Best Practice for LDIR Analysis of Microplastics: A Case Study from the Japan Trench

Best Practice for LDIR Analysis of Microplastics: A Case Study from the Japan Trench

We will explore the following topics while using a recent study of samples collected from the 8km deep Japan Trench.

Best Practice for LDIR Analysis of Microplastics

This online seminar is aimed at academic and industrial researches in heterogeneous catalysis and catalytic reaction engineering. It showcases a new development in operando catalysis research named Iso-Potential Operando DRIFTS. This new method allows for the first time to measure adsorbate profiles in otherwise inaccessible catalytic reactors using Infrared Spectroscopy. Apart from presentation of the necessary hardware, the seminar covers data analysis and data interpretation for selected catalytic reaction examples.<blockquote>Presenter: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Raimund Horn (Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology)</blockquote>

Bruker: Measuring Adsorbate Profiles in Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactors by Iso-Potential Operando DRIFTS

Measuring Adsorbate Profiles in Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactors by Iso-Potential Operando DRIFTS

This online seminar is aimed at academic and industrial researches in heterogeneous catalysis and catalytic reaction engineering.

Adsorbate Profiles by Iso-Potential Operando DRIFTS

In this 4-part session you will gain insights and understanding of what you can do in the battery industry with varied technologies. From investigating solutes and electrodes, following battery cell behavior, and in situ research on energy storage materials the Bruker Scientists are sharing a wealth of knowledge for your research.Session 1: 11:00 a.m.<h5>Powering the Future: Analytical Methods in Battery Research</h5>Chemical understanding of batteries is essential for enhancing their performance, longevity, and safety. This session will highlight the role that analytical techniques play in battery research and development. By offering deep insights into the chemical, structural, and electrochemical properties of energy storage materials, these methods enable researchers to drive innovation and solve complex challenges. We'll provide an overview of key analytical approaches, including spectroscopy, solid-state NMR, and X-ray diffraction, and discuss their applications in advancing battery technology.Session 2: 11:25 a.m.<h5>Spectroelectrochemical Setup for Probing Reactions on Electrodes and in Electrolytes</h5>Electrochemistry combined with vibrational spectroscopy provides powerful insights into electrochemical reactions and battery research through unique infrared and Raman signatures. The session will cover accessories, setup optimization, and applications like electro-oxidation of metal-organic complexes and lithium battery interface mapping.Session 3: 11:50 a.m.<h5>Advancements and Challenges of Solid-State NMR Technology for Battery Research</h5>Solid-State Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a characterization technique applied to investigate the structural changes of/in battery materials. Advanced NMR approaches can be used to track and examine ion-exchange/diffusion across interfaces, electrolyte decomposition, dendrite formation, storage behavior of an electrode etc. during or following charging/discharging in order to understand electrochemical processes and improve battery properties.Session 4: 12:15 p.m.<h5>Charge and Structure: Understanding Batteries Through X-Ray Diffraction</h5>X-ray diffraction (XRD) serves as a powerful tool for elucidating the structural properties of battery materials at the atomic scale. Modern XRD techniques can be used to understand the effects of cycling and synthesis methods on electrode stability and efficiency, ultimately guiding the development of next-generation energy storage solutions.Key Learning Objectives:<ul><li>Gain an overview of current trends in battery technology.</li><li>Understand the key components of battery chemistry and design.</li><li>Learn about future trends in battery development and energy storage.</li></ul>Who Should Attend:<ul><li>Laboratory managers</li><li>Batteries developers</li><li>Electrochemical researchers</li></ul><blockquote>Presenter: Federico Paruzzo, PhD (Academic Market Project Manager, Bruker BBIO)Presenter: Sergey Shilov, PhD (NA Product Manager, Science, Bruker Optics)Presenter: Edina Sic (Solutions Product Manager, Academic Battery Research, Bruker BioSpin Group)Presenter: Nick Rodesney (XRD Applications Scientist, Bruker)Presenter: Ann Thayer (Contributing Editor, C&amp;EN Media Group)</blockquote>

The Science of Batteries

In this 4-part session you will gain insights and understanding of what you can do in the battery industry with varied technologies.

Learn how the Agilent 4300 can easily assess coating ID, quality, authenticity and wear delivering an actionable result in less than 30 seconds.Coatings researchers and manufacturers are constantly striving to meet the ever-increasing demands on coating function, performance, and longevity.From Aerospace to Automotive, marine, and architectural coatings the versatile Agilent 4300 handheld FTIR is ideally suited to the on-site Mid IR measurement of coatings on surfaces and large objects.Knowledgeably assess factors such as identification, quality, authenticity and wear of your material or coating using the Agilent 4300 handheld FTIR.Who should attend:<ul><li>Material scientists, coating manufacturers, manufacturers who use coatings within their manufacturing process</li></ul><blockquote>Presenter: Donald Inglis (Product Specialist EMEAI for FTIR, Agilent Technologies)Donald has worked in analytical instrumentation for over 30 years starting his career as a field service engineer in chromatography and mass spectroscopy before moving into commercial sales. Becoming a product specialist in portable, handheld FTIR and Raman systems over a decade ago at Agilent Technologies.</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Agilent 4300 Handheld Webinar Series

Coatings Evaluation by Handheld FTIR

Learn how the Agilent 4300 can easily assess coating ID, quality, authenticity and wear delivering an actionable result in less than 30 seconds.

ICPMS webinars focusing on FTIR Spectroscopy - page 7