Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 20th October 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes Agilent Technologies and Shimadzu and poster by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Optimizing Microplastic Characterization by LDIR: Automated versus Manual Workflows</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/te_microplastic_analysis_manual_8700_ldir_5994_8677en_agilent_e6976c74fd.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The Agilent <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">8700 LDIR</a> chemical imaging system with Agilent Clarity control software provides automated and manual workflows for the characterization of microplastics isolated from a wide range of matrices.&nbsp;The Particle Analysis workflow is specially designed for routine testing, enabling fast, fully automated characterization of particles within a default size range of 20 to 500&nbsp;µm. This range can be adjusted based on user methodology and analytical requirements. Once a region of interest has been defined on the substrate and a spectral library has been selected in the software, the 8700 LDIR automatically detects particles, acquires infrared (IR) spectra, matches the spectra against the library, and updates results in real time.&nbsp;The manual analysis workflow allows users to adjust parameters, acquire spectra, and collect high-magnification images of particles as small as a few micrometers, providing greater flexibility for method development and research applications.&nbsp;This technical overview evaluates the performance of both types of workflow using NIST-traceable polystyrene (PS) latex beads of 2, 5, and 10&nbsp;µm diameter. Measurements were performed on both low-E slides and aluminum-coated (AI-coated) filters (0.8&nbsp;µm pore size) to assess the influence of the substrate background on the minimum measurable particle size.<h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>Manual workflow&nbsp;</h5><ul><li>2&nbsp;µm PS beads: High-magnification visible images were obtained for the 2&nbsp;µm PS beads on the low-E slide by focusing on individual particles and using the ruler feature in the Clarity software to measure the length (Table 2). IR images were generated at 1,442&nbsp;cm–1 with a pixel size resolution of 1&nbsp;µm, resolving the 2&nbsp;µm beads. Using the line profile feature and a reduced acquisition (sweep) speed, 20 spectra were acquired. The averaged spectrum (automatically obtained after data collection) was compared to reference spectra in the Microplastics Starter 2.1 library. The particle was correctly identified as polystyrene with a hit quality index (HQI) of 0.940. The 2&nbsp;µm particles were successfully detected and identified on low-E slides only. Background interference from the 0.8&nbsp;µm pores of the Al-coated filters prevented data collection from the 2&nbsp;µm particles.&nbsp;</li><li>5&nbsp;µm PS beads: High-magnification visible and IR images were successfully obtained for the 5&nbsp;µm PS beads on both types of substrate. The spectra were collected in line profile mode using a faster data acquisition rate than for the smaller particles. The beads were accurately identified as PS with HQIs of 0.924 and 0.947 for the low-E slide and Al-filter, respectively (Table 2).&nbsp;</li><li>10&nbsp;µm PS beads: The 10&nbsp;µm PS beads were easily imaged and identified on both substrates with improved HQIs of 0.972 for the low-E slide and 0.968 for the Al-coated filter (Table 2).</li></ul><h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> chemical imaging system is capable of analyzing microplastics as small as 2&nbsp;µm on a low-E slide using a manual workflow and 5&nbsp;µm and above using the automated Particle Analysis method. However, the automated workflow provided the most reliable identification and highest-confidence library matching results for particles ≥&nbsp;10&nbsp;µm. Together, the two workflows offer complementary capabilities—automation for the rapid, routine analysis of larger particles and manual control for smaller particle characterization and research applications.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Quantitative Analysis of Leaching of Heavy Metals in Soil Using ICP-MS</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00892_en_5aeef239fe.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>When soil is polluted by human activities such as industrial operations and waste disposal, harmful substances can be absorbed into the human body. This may have an adverse effect on health. In Japan, the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act stipulates soil survey methods and appropriate management methodsto prevent adverse health effects.&nbsp;The health risks due to soil contamination can be divided into two categories: those caused by leaching of harmful substances contained in soil into groundwater and ingestion of groundwater containing such harmful substances (ingestion from groundwater), and those caused by direct ingestion of harmful substances contained in soil through the mouth or skin (direct ingestion). Under the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act, soil leaching standards are set to address the risk of ingestion from groundwater, and soil content standards are set to address the risk of direct ingestion. These standards are expected to become stricter in the future in line with other environmental regulations. Thus, it is important to select a highly sensitive analytical method in advance.&nbsp;In this application, the results of analyzing the concentrations of heavy metals leached from five types of soil samples using ICPMS, which is currently recognized as the most sensitive method for elemental analysis in soil, will be introduced.<h4>Instrument Configurations and Analysis Conditions</h4><ul><li>Instrument: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2050">ICPMS-2050&nbsp;</a></li><li>Nebulizer: Nebulizer DC04</li></ul><h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Leaching analysis of heavy metals in soil was conducted using the ICPMS-2050. The measurement sensitivity of the system was sufficient to meet the soil leaching standard, and the spike recovery test showed that the influence of the matrix on this measurement was small. By adopting a unique mini-torch system, ICPMS-2050 can perform high-sensitivity and low-interference measurements at about 2/3 (about 11 L/min) of the argon gas flow rate of conventional ICP-MS. In addition, good results in a long-term stability test, where 50 samples were measured continuously, demonstrated its performance (high sensitivity, low interference) and cost savings, especially in the routine analysis of multiple samples.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Hyphenation of a high-speed laser ablation system to Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for imaging applications</h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_001853_tea_laser_ablation_icp_ms_ewcps_po001853_em_en_2f84e2e8ea.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Laser Ablation (LA) coupled with ICP-MS is a well-established way to directly analyze solid samples. The main advantages of laser ablation include the ability to avoid lengthy and potentially contamination prone sample preparation protocols and the ability to obtain information about the spatial resolution of an analyte in a sample.&nbsp;The interest in so-called mapping techniques has increased in recent years, calling for laser ablation systems to develop methods to improve sample transfer and therefore speed of mapping experiments. New laser-ablation systems dedicated to high-speed mapping are commercially available and can be easily coupled to quadrupole ICP-MS for such applications.With the improvement in sample transfer and washout times from laser ablation systems, the time available to analyze discrete packets of sample from a laser pulse is drastically reduced. The limit for lateral resolution using a sequential ICP-MS, such as a quadrupole ICP-MS, is dependent on the dwell times chosen for each measured m/z channel. This has a direct impact on the signal-to-background ratio achievable for each m/z channel; therefore, a direct impact on the final image contrast for each mapped m/z channel.<h4>Methods</h4>An Elemental Scientific Lasers imageGEO193 Laser Ablation system fitted with a TwoVol3 Ablation chamber was directly coupled with a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1206">Thermo Scientific™ iCAP™ TQ ICP-MS</a> using a compatible Dual Concentric Injector. Data was acquired using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1489">Thermo Scientific™ Qtegra™ Intelligent Scientific Data Solution™ (ISDS) Software</a> and processed using Iolite™ Laser Ablation Data Reduction Software.<h4>Results and Discussions&nbsp;</h4><h5>Washout Measurement and Optimization&nbsp;</h5>For low-dispersion laser ablation set-ups, it is vitally important to assess the washout performance and peak shape of the laser pulses to determine the maximum scanning rate that can be used for a particular number of m/z channels without introducing blurring effects. To do this, a low repetition rate line was ablated on the sample surface and a matrix element was measured at 1 ms dwell time (44Ca as 44Ca.16O in this case).Aliasing occurs, in essence, if the repetition rate and the cycle time of the laser ablation system and the ICP-MS system are not properly synchronized. This phenomenon causes periodicity in signal intensities that appear as bands in the final image. To combat this, the laser repetition rate and the sampling cycle frequency need to be matched so that an integer number of laser pulses fall within one quadrupole sweep.1&nbsp;Pixelation blur is mainly a factor of the resolution at which the image is gathered, i.e., the laser spot size and the resulting pixel size. 2 To achieve high resolution (low blur), a small spot size must be used; however, this will directly decrease the signal-tobackground ratio (i.e., contrast) and increase the total experiment time. The amount of acceptable blurring must therefore be balanced with the desired contrast and experiment time.Smearing, or motion blur, occurs when the transfer of material (washout) cannot keep up with the tracking of the laser across the sample surface (i.e., the scanning rate of the translation stages) and subsequent laser pulses are partially mixed. This is mitigated by adjusting the laser scanning time and repetition rates so that each laser pulse is fully resolved from each other when reaching the detector of the ICP-MS.&nbsp;Contrast, as discussed briefly above, is a function of signal-tobackground ratio and can be adjusted by the amount of material ablated per shot (spot size and/or fluence) or the dwell time of each scanned m/z channel during the quadrupole sweep. Given a set of lasing conditions, optimizing the distribution of dwell times between all m/z channels scanned will achieve the best possible contrast for all analytes in one run.&nbsp;Optimization of the Dwell Times was performed using the Precognition Add-On from Iolite Software available for ActiveView2 Laser Ablation Software. First, signal intensity data for all desired isotopes were acquired using a simple line scan across a section of the sample surface with high perceived variability. The data were loaded into the Precognition module, which then optimized the dwell times to improve the Signal-toNoise ratio (SNR) for each scanned isotope. There are two methods available:&nbsp;<ol><li>The Hutchinson Method: Dwell times are distributed such that the SNR is increased to above 3 for all isotopes.&nbsp;</li><li>The Van Malderen Method: adjusts dwell times to improve SNR of isotopes whilst being constrained to the washout of the cell.&nbsp;</li></ol>The Hutchinson method may result in cycle times much longer than the pulse width of the signal, so in this study the Van Malderen method was chosen. Resulting dwell times are summarized in Table 2.<h4>Conclusions&nbsp;</h4>Through careful optimization of laser ablation and ICP-MS parameters, it is possible to generate high quality multi-elemental images at a fast rate. The use of new low-dispersion laser ablation cells and aerosol transfer technology is not limited to simultaneous mass spectrometers and is also applicable to sequential scanning mass spectrometers such as Quadrupole ICP-MS.&nbsp;The major limitation of coupling low-dispersion Laser Ablation systems to sequential mass spectrometers is the limited number of elements that can be scanned; however, this is offset by the sensitivity and the specificity of, especially, triple quadrupole ICPMS systems for the reduction of interferences on select analytes.&nbsp;Most imaging experiments can be reduced to three or four analytes of interest, and in these cases LA-ICP-MS coupled to Triple Quadrupole ICP-MS using a low-dispersion, fast imaging setup can provide the analytical data quality required to answer challenging research questions.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 43, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 17th November 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, LECO, Shimadzu and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Microplastics Characterization in Carbonated Beverages and Apple Juice by Laser Direct Infrared</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_microplastics_carbonated_drinks_juice_8700_ldir_5994_8654en_agilent_1f60f6209c.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The widespread use of plastic materials in the production, packaging, and distribution of foods and beverages has raised growing concerns about microplastic contamination. Popular beverages bottled in plastic-containing packaging are increasingly recognized as potential contributors to dietary microplastic exposure. Studies have reported microplastic particles in commercial mineral water and soft drinks, often introduced through bottling operations, cap abrasion, or migration from plastic containers and multilayer packaging&nbsp;materials.1-4Carbonated beverages and apple juice are commonly packaged in a variety of container types, including polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), aluminum cans, glass bottles, and multilayer cartons. Microplastics may shed into the product from the packaging materials or be generated during the preparation and filling stages. Factors like high-speed bottling, carbonation pressure, and storage conditions can further accelerate the release of microplastics into the liquid matrix.2,5&nbsp;Detecting microplastics in complex beverage formulations presents significant analytical challenges, primarily due to the presence of organic matter and mineral constituents in these products. Traditional techniques such as micro-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (µFTIR) and µRaman spectroscopy can effectively identify and characterize microplastics in beverages, typically following digestion and density separation to avoid matrix-related interferences. Also, method development and sample run times for both techniques are often labor-intensive and low-throughput, limiting the number of samples that can be processed within a given timeframe.To address these limitations, the highly automated Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system (Figure 1) significantly improves sample throughput, enabling the rapid, accurate detection of microplastics in complex matrices following direct filtration. The system uses a Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) that allows rapid and precise scanning across the mid-infrared (MIR) fingerprint region (1,800 to 975 cm–1), providing high-quality spectral data. It also provides high-quality imaging data using two high‑quality visual cameras that are fully controlled by the Agilent Clarity software. The software also includes preset methods such as Particle Analysis to simplify the analysis, as well as data reporting tools to aid interpretation and decision-making.This application note demonstrates the use of the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">8700&nbsp;LDIR</a> for the characterization of microplastics extracted from commercially available carbonated beverages and apple juice packaged in various container types. The particles were analyzed directly on aluminum-coated filters.<h4>Results and discussion</h4><h5>Carbonated beverages&nbsp;</h5>To locate particles and define their boundaries, the 8700 LDIR automated Particle Analysis workflow conducted an initial rapid scan over a selected area (~16 mm diameter per filter) using a fixed wavenumber (1,442 cm–1). Following detection, the system automatically acquired full infrared spectra for each particle across the spectral range. These spectra were then matched in real time against the Microplastics Starter 2.1 spectral library for identification.&nbsp;Although a residue layer was observed on the aluminum‑coated filters following filtration of the carbonated beverages, it did not interfere with the LDIR's particle detection or identification capabilities (Figure 3). As shown in Table 2, microplastics were identified in all three beverage samples, with particle counts of 50, 39, and 384 for samples 1, 2, and 3, respectively (HQI &gt; 0.85).&nbsp;PVC was detected across all container types, such as rPET (37 particles), aluminum can (25 particles), and glass, which unexpectedly exhibited the highest particle count (227&nbsp;particles). This may be attributed to the cap liner material (often a multilayer seal designed to prevent oxygen or moisture ingress) or potential cross-contamination during bottling through piping systems. PET microplastics were also identified in all samples, with particle sizes ranging from 20 to 500 µm (Table 2)<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This study highlights the advantages of using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> chemical imaging system for characterizing microplastics in carbonated beverages and apple juice contained in various types of packaging. When consumed, these drinks may serve as potential sources of microplastic&nbsp;exposure.&nbsp;The 8700 LDIR enabled a direct on-filter analysis approach that significantly simplified the workflow by eliminating traditional preparation steps such as digestion and density separation, speeding up the analysis. The on-filter method reduced the potential for sample contamination while enhancing recovery rates and sample representativeness by enabling filtration of the entire product volume.&nbsp;The two-position filter holder facilitated the automated, sequential analysis of both a procedural blank and sample under identical conditions, supporting an accurate quality control process.&nbsp;The automated Particle Analysis method in the Agilent Clarity software was used to detect and process data from microplastics contained on the two filters. The software automatically searched the microplastics IR spectral library to identify the polymer type of each particle, providing a "Hit Quality Index" confidence rating for each result. Using this fast and automated workflow, the 8700 LDIR characterized the microplastic content of the beverages with minimal operator&nbsp;input.&nbsp;The detailed chemical and physical information generated for each particle by the 8700 provides valuable insight into microplastic pollution, particularly in food and beverages. This data supports the identification of potential contamination sources and facilitates assessment of their broader environmental and human health impact of microplastics.<h3>2. LECO: Determination of Moisture and Ash in Graphite</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/TGA_801_MOISTURE_ASH_GRAPHITE_203_821_676_7d4113f853.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Graphite is a stable form of carbon that exists in nature or can be synthetically produced. Graphite has many applications in our daily lives including its use in pencils, lubricants, electrodes, batteries, and carbon fiber. Synthetic graphite is a man-made substance manufactured by the high temperature processing of amorphous carbon materials. The types of amorphous carbon used as precursors to graphite are many, and can be derived from petroleum, coal, or natural and synthetic organic materials. Synthetic graphite is more pure in terms of carbon content and tends to behave more predictably. Graphite is a very popular material used in electronics and batteries due to its great conductive properties. It is the most commonly used substance to serve as the anode material in lithium-ion batteries due to its relatively low-cost and its energy density. Graphite in the form of carbon fibers is nearly five times stronger than steel and three times lighter. Therefore, carbon fibers and sheets have a wide variety of uses in the manufacturing world, including the automotive, aerospace, military, sporting equipment and construction industries.&nbsp;The purity or grade of graphite is directly related to its suitability for different applications. The purer the graphite, the lower the ash content. The ash values of graphite samples can be utilized to compare the relative purity of various grades of graphite. Therefore, ash determination in graphite is a useful quality control process in the graphite industry.<h4>Instrument Model and Configuration&nbsp;</h4>Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is an analytical technique in which changes in sample mass, due to changes in the physical and chemical properties of materials, is measured as a function of temperature and/or time. TGA is commonly used to determine selected characteristics of materials that exhibit either mass loss, or gain, due to decomposition, oxidation, or loss of volatile materials such as moisture. Macro TGA systems typically use a nominal one-gram sample mass to allow more accurate mass change measurements in heterogeneous materials.&nbsp;The LECO <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1-24&amp;search=TGA801">TGA801</a> is a macro thermogravimetric analyzer designed to determine moisture, volatile and ash content of materials by measuring the change in mass of the sample as a function of the oven temperature while controlling the atmosphere and ventilation rate. The TGA801 allows up to 19 samples to be analyzed simultaneously.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Determination of Additive and Trace Elements in Lubricating Oil Using ICP-MS</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00921_en_047409a59a.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Metal elements in lubricating oil can be accurately analyzed by dilution with organic solvents.</li><li>Solvent-resistant peristaltic pump tubing enables the addition of internal standard elements in-line, even for organic solvent analysis, thereby eliminating the need for manual addition.</li></ul>Organic metal compounds are added to lubricating oil to provide various functional properties. Therefore, monitoring the concentrations of these additivesisimportant for ensuring quality control. In addition, the analysis of wear metals and contaminant metals in lubricating oils (engine oils) used in automobiles and shipsis a crucial method for assessing the condition of the engine. Traditionally, these analyses have utilized ICP Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) as outlined in ASTM D4951-141) and ASTM D5185-182). However, for the analysis of trace metal elements that are difficult to detect with ICP-OES, the more sensitive ICP massspectrometry (ICP-MS) is more suitable.&nbsp;In this Application News, lubricating oil was diluted with organic solvents, and the additives and trace elements in the oil were analyzed using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2050">ICP-MS 2050</a> (Fig. 1). To verify the accuracy of the analytical results,spike recoveries were also evaluated.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>In this Application News, the analysis of metal elements in lubricating oil was performed using the ICPMS-2050 with the organic solvent injection system. Good spike recoveries were achieved, confirming that trace metal elements in lubricating oil can be accurately quantified with a simple sample preparation involving only dilution with organic solvents. Since it is possible to analyze without the complex procedures required for acid decomposition, the risk of volatilization or contamination of the analytes during the sample preparation process is reduced. Additionally, the use of solvent-resistant peristaltic pump tubing enables the in-line addition of internal standard elements, further reducing the time required forsample preparation.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: AAV Aggregate Quantitation and Identification with the Aura System</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009095_en_868c97aba9.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) have transformed gene therapies by enabling the targeted delivery of curative genetic payloads.1 However, the amount of AAV material available is consistently in short supply due to its inherently expensive, time-consuming, and laborious production process.1 Regardless, critical quality attributes still need to be measured throughout development. Subvisible particles are perhaps the most important parameter to monitor because they lead to adverse immunogenicity events. Thus, this data must be provided to the FDA during the review process.2 Additionally, measuring the stability of the capsid is an indicator of the shelf life and efficacy of the product.&nbsp;The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura™ platform</a> is the first ultra-low-volume, subvisible particle analysis system that quantitatively characterizes the stability of different AAV serotypes with as little as 5 µL. This application note demonstrates how several AAV serotypes tend to form large, subvisible aggregates that cannot be predicted using other techniques. It explores the stability and subvisible particle formation in AAV2, AAV5, and AAV8 under different stress conditions and compare the results to stability predictions made by differential scanning calorimetry. In addition, it analyzes the nature of the subvisible aggregates using complete morphological analysis and fluorescence membrane microscopy (FMM) using as low as 10 µL per AAV sample.<h4>Results and Discussion&nbsp;</h4>Subvisible particle aggregation was observed as a function of serotype and stress conditions with as little as 10 µL per sample (Figure 1). When unstressed AAV samples (samples processed and measured directly from the vial) were compared to each other, the AAV2 (Figure 1a) sample contained less subvisible particles compared to the AAV5 (Figure 1b) and AAV8 (Figure 1c) samples, respectively. Increased levels of protein aggregation were observed in all AAV samples after stressing the samples at 73 °C for 2 hours, though each serotype produced aggregates with different morphologies. The stressed AAV2 produced well-defined small to large granular particles (Figure 1d) while stressed AAV5 contained large fibrillar structures (Figure 1e). The stressed AAV8 sampled (Figure 1f) denatured into a film-like matrix that spread throughout the membrane, resulting in no discernable subvisible particles but showing complete sample degradation.The Aura System detects and distinguishes the particles formed in different AAV serotypes, both in unstressed and stressed samples. The data generated demonstrated that neat, unstressed samples contain visible aggregates and that each AAV serotype forms different types of aggregates, from granular (AAV2), through fibrillar (AAV5) to fully denatured films (AAV8), when they were thermally stressed. Thermally stressing the AAV2 samples at 73 °C for 2 hours produced a significantly lower number of particles compared to the AAV5 and AAV8 samples, respectively<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura platform</a> delivered both quantitative and qualitative protein aggregation information for several AAV serotypes under different conditions with volumes as low as 10 µL per sample. In comparison, this is &lt;30X the volume typically required with the most advanced low volume flow imager and &lt;1000X lower volume than light obscuration systems. The ability to image brightfield (BMI) and fluorescence (FMM) images at the same time also defines what is protein and what is not in the ThT-stained samples. The Aura System helps characterize your AAV samples with the lowest volume requirements, the highest throughput (&lt;1 minute/sample) and reveals the greatest insights into their stability.&nbsp;

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 47, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 26th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm and Shimadzu and brochure by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Thin Multilayer Analysis Using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> Chemical Imaging System</h3>Rapid micrometer-scale measurement of layer thickness and composition identification in laminated materials<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_thin_multilayer_materials_8700_ldir_5994_8799en_agilent_892afacbb6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Multilayer laminate materials represent a structurally and chemically complex system. They often comprise several distinct polymer layers that are engineered for specific functional roles, despite having total thicknesses of only a few hundred microns. Each layer contributes unique properties such as mechanical strength, barrier performance, or environmental protection, depending on its chemical composition and thickness. Accurate identification and measurement of these thin layers is therefore critical, as defects or deviations in layer thickness can compromise product integrity. Weaknesses can cause failures through damage, potentially resulting in safety issues for the user.Precise mapping and micrometer-scale thickness analysis is essential during the development, quality control, and troubleshooting of multilayer materials. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system</a> offers a powerful solution for this application. By combining IR spectroscopy with high-resolution imaging, the system enables chemical identification and visualization of polymer layers with exceptional spatial detail. Enhanced by the intuitive Agilent Clarity software, the 8700 LDIR delivers a fast and effective workflow for multilayer material characterization, addressing key needs in quality assurance, failure analysis, and reverse engineering.&nbsp;<h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>User-generated spectral library&nbsp;</h5>Following sample preparation, the 8700 LDIR high‑magnification visible camera provided an overview of the laminate structure of sample 1, revealing three distinct layers. The total thickness of the sample and each layer was measured using the Clarity software ruler feature. As shown in Figure 3, the total thickness of sample 1 based on the visible image was measured to be 150 µm (layer 1: 50 µm; layer 2: 50 µm; layer 3: 50 µm). A high‑resolution IR image was then acquired at 1,442 cm–1 with a 1 µm pixel size, enabling detailed visualization of the layer morphology under infrared light (Figure 3).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent 8700 LDIR chemical imaging system provides a powerful, non-destructive solution for multilayer analysis across diverse applications ranging from food packaging to battery separators. By combining a laminate holder, high-magnification imaging, IR imaging, and line profile spectral collection, the method delivers clear insights into layer thickness, morphology, and material composition. The ability to quickly build custom spectral libraries within the Agilent Clarity software further enhances its utility, especially for identifying unknown materials or contaminants in multilayer&nbsp;materials. The 8700 LDIR multilayer analysis workflow supports both R&amp;D innovation in advanced materials and routine quality assurance across different industries.<h3>2. Metrohm: Almond analysis with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy</h3>Multiparameter determination of moisture, fat, and protein<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_132_download_ab5d492c05.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Almonds are nutritious edible nuts from the almond tree and can be eaten whole or processed in other foods. During processing, quality control (QC) parameters like moisture levels are checked to ensure that the correct percentage is reached before moving on to other stages (e.g., grinding or packaging). When determining almond quality, destructive analytical techniques are helpful but can involve extensive sample preparation and solvent extractions. These traditional techniques are also slow and expensive. Nondestructive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a great alternative because it is fast, simple, and cost effective [1]. In this study, almond moisture content (water content), protein content, and fat have been measured using NIRS. NIR spectroscopy offers the rapid and reliable prediction of several quality parameters in seconds without any sample preparation.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>60 samples of ground almonds and 60 samples of whole almonds were measured on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+Analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a>. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using the large cup accessory. The samples were measured in rotation to collect spectral data from diverse areas. Spectral averaging of signals from several spots helped to reduce sample inhomogeneity. Metrohm software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note demonstrates that almond protein content analysis, almond fat content analysis, and almond water content (or almond moisture content) analysis can be done with NIRS. NIR spectroscopy offers users a faster, simpler, highly accurate alternative to standard analytical methods for the analysis of ground and whole almonds during processing and final product quality control (Table 1). By using NIRS, all of these parameters can be measured simultaneously without sample preparation, saving time and money.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Technique for Measuring Microplastics Collected on Various Filters Using a Particle Filter Holder</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00976_en_155bd58551.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Particle filter holders provide clear microscope images of samples, enabling highly accurate measurements.</li><li>Microplastics can be analyzed accurately and efficiently by using a particle filter holder with a high-speed mapping program and a particle analysis program.</li></ul>Since microplastics (MPs) (with diameters ranging from a few µm up to 5 mm) are widely recognized as an environmental problem in marine environments, Japan’s Ministry of the Environment has issued guidelines for preparation and measuring MPs in environmental surface waters. 1)&nbsp;The guidelines include examples of using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) to identify plastics by the total reflectance measurement method. However, to identify fine MPs, they recommend using instruments like infrared microscopes.&nbsp;In recent years, an increasing number of studies have analyzed fine MPs smaller than 100 µm. Measuring MPs with an infrared microscope requires collecting samples on a filter. Various types of filters can be used for infrared microscopes, each with unique characteristics. But if a filter cannot be held horizontal during drying or measuring, it can develop wrinkles that might decrease measurement accuracy. Therefore, a particle filter (PF) holder was developed that can be placed directly on an infrared microscope stage while holding the filter horizontally. This article describes using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=IRXross">IRXross Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer</a>, an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=AIMsight">AIMsight infrared microscope</a> (Fig. 1), and a PF holder to evaluate the properties of various filters and measure a standard sample of MPs.<h4>Example of Measuring MPs&nbsp;</h4>Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) particles that fell through a 100 µm mesh were dispersed in purified water. They were then collected by suction filtering through PTFE, Al2O3, Au/PC, and stainless steel filters (Table 1). After collecting the particles, the filters were dried using a PF holder. Fig. 5 shows the filter holder placed in the infrared microscope. Measurement condition settings are indicated in Table 2. The PTFE and Al2O3 filters were measured by the transmission method, whereas the stainless steel and Au/PC filters were measured by the reflection method. For the highspeed mapping program in this measurement, a peak detection range of 3,400 to 2,400 cm-1 was specified for detecting the signal from hydrocarbons (C-H). If there are peaks in that range, the range will be scanned the specified number of times. A tiled image of each filter is shown in Fig. 6. The areas marked with a yellow box were measured. For more information about the high-speed mapping program, refer to <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01001_en_79904665ce.pdf">Application News No. 01-01001-EN</a>.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This article describes using a PF holder to collect fine microplastic particles on various types of filters, and it provides a summary of the characteristics of each filter. Since there are differences in the wavenumber ranges and data acquisition methods for each filter type, users need to understand the individual characteristics of a filter when using it. The results also show that by using a PF holder to hold the filter flat, fine microplastic particles can be conveniently measured with an infrared microscope to obtain clear images and accurate measurements. Furthermore, a highspeed mapping program and particle analysis program can be used to accurately and efficiently analyze microplastics.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Raman at the speed you need - Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Family</h3><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SS_53191_DXR_3_raman_family_spec_sheet_896bbe523e.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Family is a versatile portfolio of Raman spectroscopy instruments designed to deliver high-quality chemical information quickly and reliably across a wide range of applications. Built on a shared, modular platform, the family includes the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">DXR3 Raman Microscope</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2237">DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2235">DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer</a>, enabling users to choose the optimal configuration for point analysis, high-resolution imaging, or bulk sample characterization. All systems emphasize ease of use, reproducibility, and rapid data acquisition, making advanced Raman analysis accessible to both expert spectroscopists and routine laboratory users.The DXR3 Raman Microscope provides research-grade performance with sub-micrometer spatial resolution and intuitive point-and-shoot operation, supporting demanding analytical tasks such as microanalysis, depth profiling, and chemical mapping. For applications requiring fast, high-resolution chemical imaging, the DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope delivers exceptional stability, automated feature identification, and rapid image acquisition over both small and large areas. Its advanced EMCCD detector technology and intelligent autofocus significantly reduce experiment time while maintaining high data quality, making it ideal for materials research, pharmaceuticals, and life sciences.The DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer is optimized for high-performance bulk sample analysis in busy analytical laboratories. Featuring a large sampling compartment and flexible accessories, it accommodates a wide range of sample formats—from powders and tablets to liquids in bottles or vials. Variable Dynamic Point Sampling (VDPS) technology enables representative averaging over large sample areas, improving reproducibility and reducing sampling bias. Together with multiple excitation laser options and interchangeable gratings, the system supports diverse analytical workflows with minimal maintenance.Across the entire DXR3 family, pre-aligned, user-exchangeable Smart Components, automated alignment and calibration, and powerful OMNIC™ software ensure consistent performance and simplified operation. Extensive microscopy, macro-sampling, and automation options allow systems to be tailored to specific applications, while robust system qualification and diagnostics support long-term reliability. Overall, the DXR3 Raman Family combines speed, flexibility, and analytical confidence, making it a comprehensive solution for modern Raman spectroscopy in research, quality control, and industrial environments.

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LECO Training Course FP/CN/CHN-828 Series Advanced Maintenance & Troubleshooting

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Thermal Analysis for Safety Evaluation of Chemical Processes

Solving Aluminum Challenges with Modern Characterization Tools

Grade Search or Grade Control: Choosing the Right Method for Reliable Metal Verification