News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 16, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 13th April 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!

👉 SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES

👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into LabRulezLCMS or LabRulezGCMS libraries.

This week we bring you application notes by Metrohm, Shimadzu and Waters Corporation and other document byThermo Fisher Scientific!

1. Metrohm: Dried pet food analysis by nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS)

Rapid determination of moisture, protein, fat, and ash

• Application note
• Full PDF for download

Pet food testing involves accurate monitoring and control of moisture, protein, fat, and ash content. This allows pet food manufacturers to satisfy nutritional adequacy requirements, meet regulatory guidelines, and provide high-quality foods to pet owners. Traditional analysis methods are often slow and laborintensive. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy provides a fast, nondestructive alternative for analyzing these key quality control parameters with minimal sample preparation. This study evaluates the use of NIR spectroscopy in the pet food industry for efficient and reliable quality control during dried pet food production.

EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT 

199 dried pet food samples (mainly dog and cat food) from different suppliers were analyzed in whole and ground forms on an OMNIS NIR Analyzer Solid (Figure 1). The samples were added to an OMNIS sample cup and analyzed in diffuse reflection mode. To include sample variety, the sample rotated during measurement to collect spectra from different locations. The automatically averaged spectra were used for model development. Reference values were obtained by official methods such as ISO 6496 (moisture), ISO 5983 (protein), ISO 5984 (ash), and ISO 6492 (fat).

CONCLUSION

This Application Note demonstrates the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy for the analysis of several pet food quality parameters, including protein, moisture, fat, and ash. Results indicate that lower prediction errors can be obtained when grinding pet food samples before their analysis. A comparison between different methods used for the analysis of pet food clearly highlights the significant time-saving potential of NIR spectroscopy (Table 1). Furthermore, the simplicity of the analysis and the availability of a pre-calibrated instrument, using the pre-calibration, dry pet food, solid (6.06008.027), make both the implementation and the application of NIR spectroscopy with OMNIS NIRS straightforward.

2. Shimadzu: Determination of Elemental Impurities in Bioethanol Using ICP-MS

• Application note
• Full PDF for download

User Benefits

• Bioethanol samples can be directly injected into ICP-MS for analysis.
• Trace elements can be accurately determined with high sensitivity.

To achieve carbon neutrality, bioethanol is expected to be one of the alternative energy sources to fossil fuels. First-generation bioethanol, produced mainly from corn, sugarcane, and similar crops, has been widely used. However, to avoid competition with food supplies, research and development are also advancing on second-generation bioethanol produced from non-food raw materials such as cellulosic materials. For example in Japan, seven companies including Toyota Motor Corporation have formed the raBit (Research Association of Biomass Innovation for Next Generation Automobile Fuels) to advance technologies for next-generation bioethanol. Shimadzu is also participating as a supporting member to promote R&D through technical cooperation for analysis. 

Fuels in which bioethanol is blended into gasoline are referred to as E5 (up to 5% bioethanol), E10 (up to 10% bioethanol), etc.; using these fuels in vehicles can reduce environmental impact. At the same time, ethanol blended into gasoline and used as a fuel is required to meet trace element concentration limits (e.g., for copper) specified in standards such as ASTM D48061) and EN 153762). ICP-OES is commonly used for these analyses, but when ultra-trace impurity levels must be measured, higher-sensitivity ICP-MS is more suitable. 

In this Application, trace elements in first-generation and second-generation bioethanol were determined using the ICPMS-2050 (Fig. 1). Spike recoveries were also evaluated to confirm the validity of the analytical results.

Conclusion

In this Application, bioethanol was introduced directly into the ICPMS-2050 using an organic solvent introduction system to determine trace elements. Good spike recoveries were obtained, demonstrating that bioethanol can be analyzed accurately by direct injection.

3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Thermo Scientific™ Nicolet™ FTIR and Thermo Scientific™ DXR Raman Microscope Solutions

• Other document
• Full PDF for download

Microspectroscopy has become an essential tool in modern analytical laboratories, enabling detailed chemical identification and spatial analysis at the microscale. Whether working in pharmaceuticals, materials science, forensics, or electronics, selecting the right combination of FTIR or Raman microscopy is critical for achieving accurate and efficient results.

Thermo Scientific offers a comprehensive portfolio of FTIR and Raman microscope solutions designed to match different analytical needs, user expertise levels, and throughput requirements. From routine QA/QC to advanced research applications, these systems provide scalable solutions for a wide range of analytical challenges .

Matching the Right Tool to Your Application

The portfolio is structured to help users “find their best fit” based on analytical complexity, required spatial resolution, and workflow demands. Entry-level configurations, such as the SurveyIR™ microspectroscopy accessory combined with Nicolet FTIR spectrometers, are ideal for routine identification tasks in QA/QC environments.

As analytical needs increase, systems such as the Nicolet iN5 IR microscope with Nicolet iS20 FTIR offer improved spatial resolution and flexibility for more frequent analyses. These solutions are particularly suitable for laboratories performing regular identification of materials with moderate complexity.

For advanced analytical workflows, integrated systems like the Nicolet iN10 IR microscope or Nicolet RaptIR+™ FTIR microscope provide enhanced capabilities, including spatial distribution analysis and high-resolution measurements down to the micrometer scale. These systems are designed for analytical service labs and R&D environments where both identification and morphological insights are required.

Expanding Capabilities with Raman Microscopy

Raman microscopy complements FTIR by enabling high-resolution chemical imaging and analysis of complex samples. Systems such as the DXR3 Raman microscope and DXR3xi Raman imaging microscope extend analytical capabilities to submicron spatial resolution, making them ideal for advanced research applications.

These instruments allow users to not only identify compounds but also visualize their spatial distribution and morphology within a sample. This is particularly valuable in fields such as nanomaterials, semiconductors, and life sciences, where detailed structural and compositional information is required.

From Identification to Imaging

One of the key differentiators across the portfolio is the ability to move from simple identification to comprehensive imaging:

• Single-point analysis is available across all systems for rapid material identification
• Small-area analysis enables localized chemical characterization
• Large-area and spatial mapping provide insights into distribution and heterogeneity

Higher-end systems, such as imaging microscopes, combine these capabilities with advanced automation and data processing tools, allowing users to efficiently analyze complex samples and extract meaningful insights .

4. Waters Corporation: Accurate Particles Characterization in Lipid Nanoparticle Therapies

• Application note
• Full PDF for download

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as one of the most promising drug delivery methods¹. LNPs encapsulate genetic material in submicrometer sized lipid vesicles, deliver large biologic payloads, exhibit low immunogenicity, and can enable large manufacturing scalability as seen with the Moderna® and Pfizer® mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Like all biologics, LNPs can be physically unstable², aggregate, and form subvisible particles (SVPs), and thus need to be properly formulated and evaluated for physical and chemical stability³. The next generation of LNPs are even more chemically and biologically complex than their predecessors¹, presenting unique challenges in both their stability and manufacturability. Accurate low volume subvisible particle measurements will form a critical aspect of the quality assessment of LNPs. 

Like all injectables, LNPs are subject to USP 787/788 SVP testing⁴ . However, USP 788 compendial Method 1, light obscuration (LO), is deemed “unsuitable to measure liposomal and colloidal suspensions” as stated in the chapter. In fact, USP 788 recommends membrane microscopy (Compendial Method 2) for measuring liposomal formulations, given LO’s inability to handle solutions with a complex matrix⁴. Aura uses Backgrounded Membrane Imaging (BMI), a form of membrane microscopy that enables high throughput, low volume subvisible particle characterization. In this application note, we demonstrate how Aura™ GT System can accurately and thoroughly characterize the subvisible particle content of LNPs with volumes as little as 25 µL per sample. We focus on the analysis of two LNP samples formulated in different buffers and subjected temperature and freeze thaw stresses. In addition, we use Aura GT’s SYBR™ Gold assay5 to help characterize nucleic acid escape in stressed LNP samples and quantitatively analyze the stability and purity of these samples.

Experimental

Particle Measurements 

LNP samples were measured using BMI and Fluorescence Membrane Microscopy (FMM) using Aura GT on a black membrane plate. This procedure was adapted for each stress condition three wells were loaded with 25uL per well, and the filtrate stained with 1x SYBR Gold (2% v/v DMSO in PBS) for 1 min prior to FMM measurements. This procedure was adapted from Application note 16.5

Conclusion 

Both samples A and B showed significant subvisible particle formation, more than 1x10^6/mL >2 µm across most conditions except thermal stress, pointing to inherently unstable LNP formulations. Freeze thaw cycles significantly increased subvisible particle formation, while heat stress significantly reduced the subvisible particle concentration across both samples. Compared to protein formulations, this heat stress effect may appear unconventional. However, considering the LNP composition and upon further look at the literature, we are able to understand this phenomenon and conclude that significant heat stress can break a liposomal formulation apart3 , increasing the LNP solubility and thereby resulting in less insoluble particles captured on the membrane. On the other hand, freeze thawing produces more insoluble aggregates, thereby increasing subvisible counts as shown in BMI, exhibiting similar behavior to heat induced aggregation as in most protein formulations. A recurring theme in subvisible particle stability is that each formulation exhibits its own particle profile, LNPs are no exception. Another interesting data point is that freeze thawed LNPs showed significant SYBR Gold staining, whereas unstressed LNPs did not, indicating a unique nucleic acid leakage or rupture behavior for this type of stress. Finally, we also observed that buffer type did not significantly impact the subvisible particle count (data not shown). Whilst we observed significant particle counts across all samples tested, pH and buffer variance did not significantly increase particle formation. Indeed, several LNP formulations have reported robust stability profiles across a variety of buffers3 . Filtration of the final product may not be appropriate, as particle formation occurs following filtration, most likely in a concentration dependent manner (Figure 4). Multiple filtration steps, whilst able to clear the product, will undoubtedly result in reduced concentration of pharmacologically active LNPs and as a function of time particles will return as described in our “What Happens When I Filter My Sample” Application Note 21. 

In conclusion, Aura enables high throughput, low volume, accurate sub-visible particle analysis with direct applicability for LNP stability assessment. Arcane particle analysers, unsuitable for LNP assessment, will struggle to overcome the challenges associated with the physical and chemical complexity of LNPs. Indeed, Aura resolved these key challenges, providing a solution to sub-visible particle analysis of LNPs, from early stage inception through to product release.