This study examines the combustion behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 pyrotechnic delay compositions as sustainable alternatives to conventional materials. Thermodynamic modeling and experimental testing were used to evaluate the influence of compaction pressure, particle size, and granule size on burning performance.Results showed that increased compaction reduced burning rates by lowering porosity and shifting combustion from convective to conductive mechanisms. Residue and gas analyses supported a multistage reaction pathway, demonstrating the potential of B4C/Bi2O3 formulations for environmentally improved pyrotechnic applications.<blockquote><h4>The original article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964">Sustainable Pyrotechnics: Combustion Behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 for Delay Compositions</a></h4>Danillo F. Vianna Cantini, Vojtěch Pelikán*, Eva Schmidová, Jiří PachmanACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.<div>Pyrotechnic delay compositions are formulations designed to create a specific delay time, determined primarily by their burning rate. These compositions are essential in timing energetic events and are used extensively in both civilian and military applications. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> This broad usage leads to diverse motivations for studying such materials. In civilian contexts, such as mining, the focus is typically on safety and cost-effectiveness. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2)</a> For military purposes, reliability and precision are key factors, often with stringent performance requirements. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(3)</a>Pyrotechnic delay compositions are classified based on their combustion behavior into gassy or gasless types. In confined, sealed and obturated environments, gasless compositions are favored, to avoid gas buildup. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,4)</a> However, in unconfined or vented systems, gassy compositions are not problematic. For example, in fireworks, where combustion gases freely dissipate, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> or in vented housings like hand grenades or signaling devices, gassy delays are acceptable. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,6)</a>In gassy compositions, the burning rate is influenced by the loading (or consolidation) pressure. Hot gases generated by the chemical reaction penetrate gas channels (voids) in the material, igniting unreacted material through a process known as convective heating. As loading pressure increases, these voids are gradually reduced, which diminishes convection and subsequently lowers the burning rate. In contrast, for gasless compositions, burning is driven by conductive heating, where heat is transferred through direct particle-to-particle contact, leading to the opposite effect. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7−9)</a>Historically, up until World War II, black powder served as the foundation for most delay elements. Nowadays, it continues to be utilized for this function and others, but on smaller scales. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> Some more recent and traditional formulations for pyrotechnic compositions include fuels like silicon, boron, tungsten, zinc, iron, zirconium, and manganese. Examples of these are Si/Pb3O4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8,10)</a> B/BaCrO4 <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a>, W/BaCrO4/KClO4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,6,11)</a> Zn/PbO2, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(12)</a> Fe/BaO2, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(13)</a> Zr/KClO4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a> and Mn/PbCrO4/BaCrO4. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(14)</a>Currently, researchers are actively developing several new formulations for pyrotechnic delays. One of the main motivations for this is the need to transform these compositions into “greener” ones. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,2)</a> This means that compositions that could cause problems for the environment or human health should be avoided. To achieve this sustainability, the identification and replacement of known or potentially harmful, toxic, and carcinogenic compounds is vital. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(10)</a> Heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, toxic gases, volatile organic compounds and known causers of human health problems are examples of such substances to be removed. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2,5,15)</a>Specifically, there are several attempts to replace lead, barium, chromates, and perchlorates. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(15)</a> The reason is that most of the established delay formulations used today contain these substances. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2,5)</a> Lead, barium and chromium (contained in chromates) are heavy metals and are known to cause serious health problems in human, specially to nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,16)</a> Perchlorates are well-documented substances and are used in various pyrotechnic applications. However, they are widely recognized as contributors to thyroid issues. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a>From the above, it is clear that modern strategies in pyrotechnics are increasingly focused on developing new materials that prioritize both efficiency and sustainability. This shift imposes numerous restrictions, meaning that formulations must be designed with precise planning and thorough investigation to meet both performance and environmental standards.Boron could be considered the ideal fuel for pyrotechnic reactions due to its high energy content. However, it presents combustion issues for its limited reactivity due to boron oxide layer and boron agglomerates formation upon heating. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a> The boron oxide layer acts as a barrier, hindering oxygen (O) diffusion and consequently limiting the oxidation of boron. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18)</a>Boron carbide (B4C) is a natural candidate for combustion processes due to its lower ignition point, which is attributed to its higher reactivity. This reactivity stems from the diffusion of carbon (C) particles, which oxidize into gaseous products. These gaseous products create diffusion channels that penetrate the boron oxide layer, breaking down the layer and agglomerates, thereby further improving the reaction. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18,19)</a> B4C presents better combustion properties, with better burning stability and reliable self-propagation, resulting in better combustion efficiency. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a>Bismuth trioxide (Bi2O3) is an attractive oxidizer for pyrotechnic delay compositions due to several advantageous properties. Its high oxygen content and efficient oxygen release facilitate sustained combustion, while its favorable thermal properties, including a relatively low melting and decomposition temperature, ensure that oxygen is available at precisely the right moment to support a controlled reaction. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(20)</a> Additionally, Bi2O3 high density allows for compact formulations, promoting consistent and reliable burn rates. Also, it has a low heat of formation (approximately −582 kJ/mol), which is crucial to minimize the energy required to initiate its decomposition. This enhances the overall reaction efficiency, allowing Bi2O3 to rapidly release oxygen without consuming excessive energy, thus ensuring sustainable and stable combustion. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a>In addition to their technical advantages, Bi2O3 and B4C offer a significant environmental benefit: they are considered more eco-friendly compared to other materials commonly used in pyrotechnic compositions. Bi2O3 serves as a less toxic alternative to traditional oxidizers like lead-based compounds, reducing the risk of environmental contamination and exposure to harmful heavy metals. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,8,16)</a> Similarly, B4C contributes to cleaner combustion, producing fewer pollutants and minimizing the environmental impact. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a> This makes both materials not only effective but also greener choices for sustainable pyrotechnic applications.<h4>2. Experimental Section</h4><h5>2.8. Material Characterization</h5>Particle and granule size distribution were measured with a Malvern Mastersizer 3000 (Malvern Panalytical). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was carried out with a TESCAN MIRA (TESCAN) to examine morphology and confirm particle size. A 40 cm3 combustion chamber was used to analyze pressure profile, quantify solid residues, and collect combustion gases for further analysis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed using a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2392">Nicolet iS50 FT-IR</a> (Thermo Scientific) and standardized nitrogen (N2) background to identify gas-phase products. Thermal stability and water content assessments were conducted using TGA (NETZSCH TG 209 F3 Tarsus) and DSC (NETZSCH DSC 200 F3 Maia). Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was performed using a Bruker Quantax 200 (Bruker) for semiquantitative chemical composition analysis of the combustion residues. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed using a Rigaku MiniFlex diffractometer for complementary phase identification, while surface chemical states were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) using a Scienta Omicron ESCA2SR system.<h4>3. Results and Discussion</h4><h5>3.7. FTIR Analysis of Combustion Gases</h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig10">Figure 10</a> compares the FTIR spectra of combustion chamber gases from stoichiometric (blue) and fuel-rich (red) tests, highlighting CO and CO2 as the main species, consistent with Horiuchi. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18)</a> Normalizing their absorbance to concentration using standard references yielded CO2/CO ratios of 0.67 (stoichiometric) and 0.34 (fuel-rich). However, a quantitative analysis is approximate and inherently imprecise, as potential contamination during gas collection and measurement could affect the results, given the challenge of maintaining a completely controlled internal atmosphere. A small fraction of hydrocarbon species (e.g., CH4, C2H4, and C2H2) was also identified in both samples.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_10_Comparative_FTIR_spectra_of_combustion_gas_compositions_in_a_combustion_chamber_ac7b7daf84.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 10. Comparative FTIR spectra of combustion gas compositions in a combustion chamber." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_10_Comparative_FTIR_spectra_of_combustion_gas_compositions_in_a_combustion_chamber_ac7b7daf84.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1956" height="989">While experimental results indicate a higher CO2 presence than predicted, the overall trend aligns with expectations─higher fuel content shifts combustion products toward less oxidized species. Notably, the identified gaseous products are relatively simple and exhibit low toxicity compared to halogenated or metal-containing species commonly found in traditional pyrotechnic formulations, supporting the potential of this system as a more environmentally friendly alternative.Since the reaction involves both condensed-phase reactants and products, characterizing the solid residues is essential to evaluate the extent of reaction and gain insight into the actual progression of the reaction pathway. For this, SEM imaging and EDS analysis were employed to investigate the morphology and elemental composition of the combustion residues.<h5>3.8. SEM and EDS of Burning Residues</h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a> presents the SEM analysis of solid residues from the combustion of B4. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964/suppl_file/ao5c10964_si_001.pdf">Figure S5</a> exhibits images of the other samples. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a>a shows the top view of the burned delay element, revealing the distribution of residues across the surface, while <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a>b provides a magnified view of a region rich in bright spherical structures. These spheres are likely bismuth that transitioned through a liquid or gaseous phase during the reaction and solidified upon cooling. This phenomenon of spherical formation due to phase transition is well-documented in the literature. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(33)</a><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_11_SEM_analysis_of_B4_after_burning_8fc7a8f520.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 11. SEM analysis of B4 after burning: (a) top view (50 ×) of the burned delay element showing the distribution of solid residues across the surface; (b) magnified view (1 k×) of a region rich in bright spherical structures." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_11_SEM_analysis_of_B4_after_burning_8fc7a8f520.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="2092" height="831"><h5>3.10. Surface Chemistry of Combustion Residues (XPS)</h5>Survey spectrum scans identified the main photoelectron lines corresponding to carbon, oxygen, boron, and bismuth. High-resolution scans for the O 1s, C 1s, B 1s, and Bi 4f regions of B4 are presented in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig19">Figure 19</a>, allowing detailed peak deconvolution and chemical assignment.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_19_XPS_high_resolution_spectra_of_O_1s_C_1s_B_1s_and_Bi_4f_regions_for_B4_5c6064d013.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 19. XPS high-resolution spectra of O 1s, C 1s, B 1s, and Bi 4f regions for B4." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_19_XPS_high_resolution_spectra_of_O_1s_C_1s_B_1s_and_Bi_4f_regions_for_B4_5c6064d013.jpg 214w," sizes="100vw" width="2049" height="1498">The analysis confirmed B2O3 as a major surface product and indicated the presence of unreacted B4C in the B4 sample through B–C bonds. sp2 carbon was also detected in B4, suggesting possible graphite formation, as predicted in thermodynamic calculations. A2 showed more Bi3+ than B4, supporting that the stoichiometric composition had more residual Bi2O3, while the fuel-rich B4 sample promoted greater reduction to Bi0. The presence of Bi3+ on the surface observed may result from postcombustion reoxidation of Bi0. These results reinforce the proposed reaction pathway and the role of fuel excess in enhancing reaction completeness. In this analysis, the B 1s spectrum further confirms the absence of BN by the lack of B–N peaks, consistent with the EDS results, which also revealed no detectable nitrogen signal.All experimental findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of boron carbide and bismuth oxide reactions under both basic and applied conditions, particularly in delay compositions. These results provide new insights into the reaction pathway and the underlying combustion mechanism.<h4>4. Conclusions</h4>Stoichiometric formulations of B4C/Bi2O3, which ignited when not pressed, failed to burn after being lightly compacted; a fuel-rich composition is necessary to ensure combustion. The fuel-rich compositions ignited readily and maintained combustion without quenching. Water facilitated the granulation process and improved the final composition. With increasing loading pressure, burning rates decrease due to reduced convective heat transfer, leading the combustion process to transition toward a conductive regime. Particle size also impacted combustion, particularly with larger Bi2O3 particles, which influenced the combustion profile up to a certain threshold. Additionally, the granule size of the final composition was found to alter the burning behavior, with larger granules promoting faster combustion at lower pressures.Thermodynamic calculations provided an initial insight into the reaction process. The findings show that the reaction progresses through distinct stages: starting in a solid–solid preignition phase, transitioning to a solid–liquid phase as components melt, and culminating in a gas phase marked by significant product volatilization, illustrating a complete combustion evolution.FTIR analysis confirmed that the main gaseous products are CO and CO2, indicating reduced environmental toxicity. Elemental and phase analyses confirmed that the reaction followed the expected pathway, with Bi and B2O3 as the predominant products. No Bi2O3 was detected by XRD, indicating that the oxidizer was fully consumed in the bulk. Morphological analysis of the products suggests that, upon cooling, bismuth solidifies into small metallic spheres, while surface analysis indicates that B2O3 remains predominantly in the outer layer. Altogether, the results are consistent and complementary, reinforcing the reliability and scientific rigor of the study.All these observations accentuate the necessity of conducting experiments under application-specific conditions. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the combustion dynamics of low toxicity B4C/Bi2O3 mixtures but also underscore their potential for practical applications requiring precise delay times and environmental sustainability. The successful use of water as a green solvent further highlights the viability of developing sustainable pyrotechnic compositions. This research advances the field by providing valuable insights into optimizing performance while minimizing environmental impact through careful material selection and process control.</div>

Sustainable Pyrotechnics: Combustion Behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 for Delay Compositions

In the week from May 11, the following webinars await you in the field of atomic and molecular spectroscopy and spectrometry<blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinars">👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</a></h4>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database with over 5 500 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars.</blockquote><h5>1. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Uncovering Microplastics: Identification, Quantification, and Exposure Assessment</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 08:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6136">Registration</a></li></ul>In this webinar, we will explore complementary analytical solutions for comprehensive microplastics characterization.<h5>2. SPECTRO Analytical Instruments: Elemental Analysis of Superalloys: Ensuring Performance in Extreme Applications</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 10:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6170">Registration</a></li></ul>Learn how accurate elemental analysis ensures superalloy performance, with OES and XRF solutions for reliable quality control from lab to field.<h5>3. Agilent Technologies: What have you been smoking? Elemental Analysis in Cannabis and Cannabis Products with ICP-MS</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 20:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6063">Registration</a></li></ul>Learn how automated calibration and dilution streamline ICP-MS food testing workflows, improving accuracy, traceability, and productivity while addressing rare-earth doubly charged interferences.<h5>4. AZoM: Faster REE Exploration Decisions with XRF Technology Explained</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6195">Registration</a></li></ul>Join the webinar to see how handheld XRF provides a significant advantage in today's fast-paced REE landscape.<h5>5. Bruker: Advancing Industrial Metrology Automation with Bruker's Dimension AFMs</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6172">Registration</a></li></ul>This webinar will explore how Dimension AFM platforms support increasing levels of automation, from scripted measurements to data-driven control.<h5>6. Anton Paar: Polymer Rheology: Impact of Humidity on Material Behavior</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 18:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5801">Registration</a></li></ul>Discover how humidity impacts polymers and soft materials. Learn how moisture alters rheology, tackiness, curing, and flowability through real case studies across films, adhesives, foods, and powders.<h5>7. LECO: TOC Determination in Soil and Waste</h5><ul><li>Th, 14.5.2026 14:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6038">Registration</a></li></ul>Join this webinar to explore modern methods for TOC determination in soils and waste. Learn how standardized approaches, instrumentation, and method selection influence data quality and regulatory compliance.

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Routine chemical analysis typically involves several steps, e.g. selection of procedure, sampling, sample preparation, measurement, result calculation, uncertainty estimation, and reporting to customer. Based on the result, important decisions and actions are taken. The steps before and after the measurement are often referred to as “pre- and post-analytical”. There are many sources of uncertainty associated with this work, some of which can actually limit the overall quality.&nbsp;Proficiency testing (PT) and external quality assessment (EQA) schemes are effective means of assessing the quality of routine analyses. However, if there are specific procedures, either before or after the measurement, which are applied to the routine samples, but not to the PT test sample, the result reflects only the quality of part of the measurement process. Pre- and post-analytical PT/ EQA schemes are already widely used in laboratory medicine. The standard ISO 15189, that underpins accreditation of medical laboratories, stresses that EQA schemes should “... have the effect of checking the entire process including pre- and post-examination procedures ...”&nbsp;The examples in this leaflet illustrate the potential and importance of pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA. They are intended as an inspiration for the providers to further develop their external quality control activities.<h4>Pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA – a means for harmonisation&nbsp;</h4>By illustrating, e.g. lack of adherence to guidelines, or variation in sample preparation, or inconsistency in interpretation, pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA schemes pinpoint problems not apparent in other schemes. This may lead to improved harmonisation and changes to guidelines and standards.<h4>Example 1: Interpreting clinical chemistry information&nbsp;</h4>Patient background information together with analytical results can be used to check agreement of interpretational advice given by medical doctors. This type of scheme can, therefore, include both pre- and post-analytical aspects. The provider, e.g. through an expert group, ranks the quality of participants’ response and suggestions, and presents them in the report with comments.<h4>Example 2: Sampling requests in microbiology&nbsp;</h4>Using the scenario of food poisoning, pre- &amp; post-analytical aspects of sampling requests in a microbiology scheme can be highlighted. The provider gives information about food type, symptoms, and incubation time with a simulated sample. Participants choose which organism(s) to test for. The associated laboratory work involves examination of samples, report on method(s) of choice and results. Participants could, e.g. be asked to specify which toxins or pathogens are likely to cause the food poisoning and state whether or not they will disseminate information, e.g. to hospitals or food suppliers. The feedback report would then show the results of each participant together with the comments of the provider.&nbsp;<h4>Example 3: Toy testing&nbsp;</h4>Faulty design, usage and chance play a role in injury and death incidents related to children’s toys. Toy safety is the practice of ensuring that toys are safe, usually through the application of set safety standards. The PT provider sources a toy, performs visual assessment of its homogeneity, and distributes the samples. Participants are requested to assess the toy against the European standard EN 71 and they have to decide which clauses of the standard apply. The clauses chosen define the test(s) to be carried out. The feedback report will contain a “model answer” including clauses, tests and labeling requirements (when applicable).&nbsp;<h4>Example 4: Monitoring drinking water quality&nbsp;</h4>A post-analytical application can be underpinned by legislation and national regulations (Directive 98/83/EC). Participants receive a synthetic drinking water sample with properties close to one or more limiting values. They are requested to deliver results, uncertainties and a “pass/fail” recommendation to the customer. The recommendations of the provider are listed in the feedback report for educational purposes. Information can be fed back also to regulators to serve, e.g. as basis for further discussions.&nbsp;<blockquote><h5>More information / further reading&nbsp;</h5>Information about PT providers and schemes can be obtained from your national accreditation body, from the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.eptis.org/">EPTIS website</a> or from other national or international organisations.</blockquote>

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What does care-free osmometer mean?According to the motto "own your lab - own your osmometer" you will learn everything you need to know about freezing point osmometer. We will dive into the theory, show the application fields and explain the handling in the lab.&nbsp;We offer you everything you need to start the osmolality measurements of your aqueous solutions tomorrow. That is what we call care-free. With the robust and easy technology of the KNAUER freezing point osmometer K-7400S you don't need much to get started. With the care-free package we offer you step by step video instructions on how to set up your osmometer and how to get it up and running in no time.Also we offer you an online support for finding out if your sample is suitable for the analysis with the KNAUER freezing point osmometer. Also we have prepared a troubleshooting questionnaire for fast and personalized assistance.<blockquote>Presenter: Dr. Hanna-Maija Hiltunen (KNAUER expert for your osmometry questions)</blockquote>

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<h5>The Problem&nbsp;</h5>When working with adenovirus (AdV) vectors it’s a big deal to get fast answers on capsid titer, empty/full ratio, and if things are aggregated. UV/Vis absorbance at 260 nm (A260) is considered the quickest check of AdV titer – but it requires denaturing your AdV, easily making it a 30 minute assay. On top of that, A260 results get thrown off by protein, DNA contamination, or just about anything else that absorbs. Other more technical methods to get titer, like qPCR, are too slow, hands-on or sample-hungry, and none are ready for a quick, easy check of your adenovirus sample.<h5>The Solution&nbsp;</h5>Stunner’s unique combination of UV/Vis with static and dynamic light scattering (SLS &amp; DLS) gives researchers a full read-out on AdV titer, empty/full ratio, and aggregation – in about a minute using only 2 µL.<h5>The Proof&nbsp;</h5>In this seminar you’ll learn how Stunner delivers dye-free, standard-free, and hassle-free titers down to 1E9 vp/mL, and checks the size and aggregation of 96 samples in just 1 hour. We’ll look at all the info Stunner delivers, how these can be used for adenoviral vector sample QC, and how adenovirus from a bunch of different vendors stacks up. &nbsp;<blockquote>Presenter:&nbsp;Nelis Denys (Product Manager, Unchained Labs)Moderator: Kevin Lance PhD (Marketing Manager, Analytical Instruments, Unchained Labs)</blockquote>

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Leprechaun is the only system that hunts down viral titer by double-checking if particles are the right size and have the right structure. Count up your lentiviruses with capsids in crude or pure samples. Make your own luck and follow Leprechaun straight to the viral titer you’ve been looking for without the noise from trickster particles that can throw you off the trail. &nbsp;<blockquote>Presenter:&nbsp;Kevin Lance PhD (Marketing Manager, Analytical Instruments, Unchained Labs)Moderator: Alex Shephard (Market Manager, Cell Therapy at Unchained Labs)Alex Shephard is the Market Manager for Cell Therapy at Unchained Labs. She has many years of experience at the bench and as a field application scientist characterizing exosomes and viruses, using techniques including NTA, DLS, nanoflow cytometry and interferometry. Alex completed a Ph.D. in Molecular Biology at Bristol University, UK, and held a postdoc position in the Tumour Microenvironment Group at Cardiff University, UK.</blockquote>

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Automated executions of chemical synthesis and discovery has risen as a critical enabling technology. New tools combining advanced robotics with experiment planning by machine learning, known as self-driving labs, are now attainable. However, the optimal deployment of these technologies remains under development, requiring a recursive design-make-build cycle dedicated to tuning and evolving the robotic platform.This new approach has been termed ‘flexible automation’ and enables the cost and time-effective design, construction and reconfiguration of automated experiments. By leveraging many of the principles from Industry 4.0, including rapid fabrication, Internet-of-Things devices, cloud-based software, and open-source API we have created a set of simple reconfigurable tools to address a diverse set of applications spanning pharmaceutical process chemistry and even impacting mining and resource extraction. These rapid improvements are made possible through the fusion of best-in-class existing hardware (eg, &nbsp;Unchained Labs Junior for liquid handling and HTE, Mettler-Toledo EasyMax for large scale automated lab reactor, Agilent UPLC for online analysis, Vaportec R-Series for continuous plug-flow reactions) with a variety of bespoke tools and code to integrate complicated workflows. This presentation will introduce this method and provide case studies.Key Learning Objectives:<ul><li>Learn strategies to rapidly develop hybrid and fully automated experimental workflows</li><li>Learn best practices to design and deploy autonomous reaction optimization for chemical synthesis</li><li>See case studies for integrating automation into small molecule synthesis programs</li></ul>Who Should Attend:<ul><li>Process development and medicinal chemists</li><li>Automation scientists and engineers</li><li>Scientists involved in high throughput experimentation &nbsp;</li></ul><blockquote>Presenter:&nbsp;Jason Hein (CEO and Co-Founder, Telescope Innovations)Presenter:&nbsp;Melissa O'Meara (Forensic Science Consultant, C&amp;EN Media Group)</blockquote>

C&EN: Flexible Automation: A new approach to meet evolving chemistry challenges

Flexible Automation: A new approach to meet evolving chemistry challenges

Learn strategies to rapidly develop hybrid and fully automated experimental workflows

New approach to meet evolving chemistry challenges

<h5>The Problem&nbsp;</h5>Current manual buffer exchange techniques sacrifice nucleic acid, protein, AAV, and LNP sample recovery for convenience and don’t scale well to your sample volumes and capacity.<h5>The Solutions&nbsp;</h5>Automating buffer exchange solves scale-up issues while saving tons of time and serving up high sample recovery. We've developed two flavors of automated buffer exchange to handle a wide range of capacity and throughput needs. Unagi is the first completely hands-free, benchtop buffer exchange solution that’s perfect for the everyday handful of samples that need to be quickly buffer exchanged or concentrated up - Unagi can handle up to 8 samples of 0.5 – 8 mL at a time. Big Tuna is a high-throughput automated buffer exchange platform that can exchange and concentrate up to 96 different samples and buffers on volumes from 100 μL - 8 mL.<h5>The Proof&nbsp;</h5>Join this live side-by-side demo of Unagi and Big Tuna to see each platform in action and learn about the benefits of benchtop vs high-throughput automated buffer exchange. See for yourself how automating buffer exchange takes the workload off your hands while delivering accuracy and recovery rates you just can’t get with manual methods. &nbsp;<blockquote>Presenter:&nbsp;Del Ray Jackson (Market Manager, Buffer Exchange &amp; Automation, Unchained Labs)Moderator: Ross Walton, PhD (Sr. Applications Scientist, Unchained Labs)</blockquote>

Unchained Labs: See how Unagi & Big Tuna satisfy any size craving for fast, hands-free buffer exchange

See how Unagi & Big Tuna satisfy any size craving for fast, hands-free buffer exchange

Live demo of Unagi and Big Tuna to see each platform in action and learn about the benefits of benchtop vs high-throughput automated buffer exchange. 

Hands-free buffer exchange with Unagi and Big Tuna

<h5>The Problem&nbsp;</h5>Part of the development of a biologic drug is finding a formulation that optimizes its stability. Two key protein stability parameters are melting and aggregation temperature, Tm and Tagg. To effectively screen many different formulations with the goals of ranking and refining them, you need a tool that keeps tabs on many stability parameters of many samples all at once.&nbsp;<h5>The Solutions&nbsp;</h5>Uncle is the original all-in-one stability platform that characterizes stability of biologics in high throughput with only 9 µL of sample. It allows you to follow melting and aggregation of the protein simultaneously and to use the data to rank and rate formulation excipients for their influence on the behavior of your analyte.&nbsp;<h5>The Proof&nbsp;</h5>In this webinar, we’ll present a case study on Eurofins’ formulation development of a fusion protein. We screened different excipients for their influence on stability to find an optimized formulation that balances thermal stability and minimizes the tendency of the analyte to aggregate. &nbsp;<blockquote>Presenter:&nbsp;Andree Mueller (Senior Product Manager for Aunty and Honeybun, Unchained Labs)Presenter: Dorien Van Lysebetten (Senior Scientist, Eurofins CDMO)Presenter: Lien Saerens (Pharmaceutical Development Manager, Eurofins CDMO)Host: Georgina Hughes (Editorial Team, SelectScience)</blockquote>

Unchained Labs: Master the balancing act of biologic formulation development with Uncle

Master the balancing act of biologic formulation development with Uncle

In this webinar, we’ll present a case study on Eurofins’ formulation development of a fusion protein. 

Biologic formulation development with Uncle

<h5>The Problem&nbsp;</h5>Your taste for biologics and gene therapy buffer exchange and concentration may vary between sample number and volumes, but your appetite for precise results never changes. You need to nail exact exchange and concentration targets without giving up your precious time handling your samples.&nbsp;<h5>The Solutions&nbsp;</h5>Unagi is the first completely hands-free benchtop buffer exchange solution for up to 8 samples with starting volumes from 0.5 to 8 mL. Big Tuna is a fully automated, plate based buffer exchange platform that can exchange and concentrate up to 96 samples in parallel with starting volumes from 100 μL to 8 mL. Both systems can further concentrate up to 48 mL of initial sample volume. Each deliver ≥ 96% recovery for protein, mAb, nucleic acid, LNP and AAV buffer exchange and concentration runs using the same innovative buffer exchange technology that provides uniform results and eliminates dead end ultrafiltration with 10, 30, and 100 kDa MWCO options.&nbsp;<h5>The Proof&nbsp;</h5>Learn how simple it is to set up a buffer exchange or concentration run for your biologics and gene therapy samples on Unagi and Big Tuna. We will show case studies for each platform to help you decide which is a better solution for automating your buffer exchange, gaining improved results and saving precious time in the process. &nbsp;<blockquote>Presenter:&nbsp;Del Ray Jackson (Market Manager, Buffer Exchange &amp; Automation, Unchained Labs)Moderator: Sandra Flores (FAS Manager EU, Unchained Labs)</blockquote>

Unchained Labs: Bite into hands-free on-the-money buffer exchange with Unagi and Big Tuna

Bite into hands-free on-the-money buffer exchange with Unagi and Big Tuna

How simple it is to set up a buffer exchange or concentration run for your biologics and gene therapy samples on Unagi and Big Tuna.

<h5>The Problem&nbsp;</h5>Long term isothermal testing is crucial to understanding the stability of a biologic. Traditional long-term isothermal methods only see a part of the picture, make you wait to the very end of development, and require a lot of protein and time.<h5>The Solutions&nbsp;</h5>The isothermal apps in Uncle make isothermal testing easy – and only need 9 microliters of sample. Uncle has tailored isothermal apps for both protein intrinsic and reporter dye fluorescence. To add even more flexibility, meet our out-of-the-box apps: use Uncle for a daily data snap and keep the sample in an incubator – Uncle remains free for other work during those long hours of incubation.<h5>The Proof&nbsp;</h5>Tune in to our live demo and let us show you how to get accelerated stability testing done with Uncle easier and earlier in development. We’ll go over the practical steps of regular and out-of-the-box tests and then turn to data analysis. &nbsp;<blockquote>Presenter: Andree Mueller (Senior Product Manager for Aunty and Honeybun, Unchained Labs)Presenter:&nbsp;Kevin Lance, PhD (Director, Product Management, Unchained Labs)Kevin Lance directs product management and covers the Stunner portfolio globally at Unchained Labs. His expertise includes biophysical characterization of viral vectors, lipid nanoparticles, proteins, and nucleic acids. Prior to Unchained Labs, his research experience covered the fields of sustained antibody delivery and nanotechnology. He earned his Ph.D. in Bioengineering from the joint UC Berkeley – UCSF Bioengineering Graduate Program.</blockquote>

Unchained Labs: Pop in to see things get heated with isothermal protein stability testing on Uncle

Pop in to see things get heated with isothermal protein stability testing on Uncle

Show you how to get accelerated stability testing done with Uncle easier and earlier in development.

ICPMS webinars focusing on Measurement of physical quantities - page 8