This study examines the combustion behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 pyrotechnic delay compositions as sustainable alternatives to conventional materials. Thermodynamic modeling and experimental testing were used to evaluate the influence of compaction pressure, particle size, and granule size on burning performance.Results showed that increased compaction reduced burning rates by lowering porosity and shifting combustion from convective to conductive mechanisms. Residue and gas analyses supported a multistage reaction pathway, demonstrating the potential of B4C/Bi2O3 formulations for environmentally improved pyrotechnic applications.<blockquote><h4>The original article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964">Sustainable Pyrotechnics: Combustion Behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 for Delay Compositions</a></h4>Danillo F. Vianna Cantini, Vojtěch Pelikán*, Eva Schmidová, Jiří PachmanACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.<div>Pyrotechnic delay compositions are formulations designed to create a specific delay time, determined primarily by their burning rate. These compositions are essential in timing energetic events and are used extensively in both civilian and military applications. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> This broad usage leads to diverse motivations for studying such materials. In civilian contexts, such as mining, the focus is typically on safety and cost-effectiveness. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2)</a> For military purposes, reliability and precision are key factors, often with stringent performance requirements. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(3)</a>Pyrotechnic delay compositions are classified based on their combustion behavior into gassy or gasless types. In confined, sealed and obturated environments, gasless compositions are favored, to avoid gas buildup. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,4)</a> However, in unconfined or vented systems, gassy compositions are not problematic. For example, in fireworks, where combustion gases freely dissipate, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> or in vented housings like hand grenades or signaling devices, gassy delays are acceptable. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,6)</a>In gassy compositions, the burning rate is influenced by the loading (or consolidation) pressure. Hot gases generated by the chemical reaction penetrate gas channels (voids) in the material, igniting unreacted material through a process known as convective heating. As loading pressure increases, these voids are gradually reduced, which diminishes convection and subsequently lowers the burning rate. In contrast, for gasless compositions, burning is driven by conductive heating, where heat is transferred through direct particle-to-particle contact, leading to the opposite effect. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7−9)</a>Historically, up until World War II, black powder served as the foundation for most delay elements. Nowadays, it continues to be utilized for this function and others, but on smaller scales. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1)</a> Some more recent and traditional formulations for pyrotechnic compositions include fuels like silicon, boron, tungsten, zinc, iron, zirconium, and manganese. Examples of these are Si/Pb3O4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8,10)</a> B/BaCrO4 <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a>, W/BaCrO4/KClO4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,6,11)</a> Zn/PbO2, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(12)</a> Fe/BaO2, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(13)</a> Zr/KClO4, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a> and Mn/PbCrO4/BaCrO4. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(14)</a>Currently, researchers are actively developing several new formulations for pyrotechnic delays. One of the main motivations for this is the need to transform these compositions into “greener” ones. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,2)</a> This means that compositions that could cause problems for the environment or human health should be avoided. To achieve this sustainability, the identification and replacement of known or potentially harmful, toxic, and carcinogenic compounds is vital. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(10)</a> Heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, toxic gases, volatile organic compounds and known causers of human health problems are examples of such substances to be removed. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2,5,15)</a>Specifically, there are several attempts to replace lead, barium, chromates, and perchlorates. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(15)</a> The reason is that most of the established delay formulations used today contain these substances. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(2,5)</a> Lead, barium and chromium (contained in chromates) are heavy metals and are known to cause serious health problems in human, specially to nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5,16)</a> Perchlorates are well-documented substances and are used in various pyrotechnic applications. However, they are widely recognized as contributors to thyroid issues. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a>From the above, it is clear that modern strategies in pyrotechnics are increasingly focused on developing new materials that prioritize both efficiency and sustainability. This shift imposes numerous restrictions, meaning that formulations must be designed with precise planning and thorough investigation to meet both performance and environmental standards.Boron could be considered the ideal fuel for pyrotechnic reactions due to its high energy content. However, it presents combustion issues for its limited reactivity due to boron oxide layer and boron agglomerates formation upon heating. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a> The boron oxide layer acts as a barrier, hindering oxygen (O) diffusion and consequently limiting the oxidation of boron. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18)</a>Boron carbide (B4C) is a natural candidate for combustion processes due to its lower ignition point, which is attributed to its higher reactivity. This reactivity stems from the diffusion of carbon (C) particles, which oxidize into gaseous products. These gaseous products create diffusion channels that penetrate the boron oxide layer, breaking down the layer and agglomerates, thereby further improving the reaction. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18,19)</a> B4C presents better combustion properties, with better burning stability and reliable self-propagation, resulting in better combustion efficiency. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(17)</a>Bismuth trioxide (Bi2O3) is an attractive oxidizer for pyrotechnic delay compositions due to several advantageous properties. Its high oxygen content and efficient oxygen release facilitate sustained combustion, while its favorable thermal properties, including a relatively low melting and decomposition temperature, ensure that oxygen is available at precisely the right moment to support a controlled reaction. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(20)</a> Additionally, Bi2O3 high density allows for compact formulations, promoting consistent and reliable burn rates. Also, it has a low heat of formation (approximately −582 kJ/mol), which is crucial to minimize the energy required to initiate its decomposition. This enhances the overall reaction efficiency, allowing Bi2O3 to rapidly release oxygen without consuming excessive energy, thus ensuring sustainable and stable combustion. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(8)</a>In addition to their technical advantages, Bi2O3 and B4C offer a significant environmental benefit: they are considered more eco-friendly compared to other materials commonly used in pyrotechnic compositions. Bi2O3 serves as a less toxic alternative to traditional oxidizers like lead-based compounds, reducing the risk of environmental contamination and exposure to harmful heavy metals. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,8,16)</a> Similarly, B4C contributes to cleaner combustion, producing fewer pollutants and minimizing the environmental impact. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a> This makes both materials not only effective but also greener choices for sustainable pyrotechnic applications.<h4>2. Experimental Section</h4><h5>2.8. Material Characterization</h5>Particle and granule size distribution were measured with a Malvern Mastersizer 3000 (Malvern Panalytical). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was carried out with a TESCAN MIRA (TESCAN) to examine morphology and confirm particle size. A 40 cm3 combustion chamber was used to analyze pressure profile, quantify solid residues, and collect combustion gases for further analysis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed using a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2392">Nicolet iS50 FT-IR</a> (Thermo Scientific) and standardized nitrogen (N2) background to identify gas-phase products. Thermal stability and water content assessments were conducted using TGA (NETZSCH TG 209 F3 Tarsus) and DSC (NETZSCH DSC 200 F3 Maia). Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was performed using a Bruker Quantax 200 (Bruker) for semiquantitative chemical composition analysis of the combustion residues. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed using a Rigaku MiniFlex diffractometer for complementary phase identification, while surface chemical states were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) using a Scienta Omicron ESCA2SR system.<h4>3. Results and Discussion</h4><h5>3.7. FTIR Analysis of Combustion Gases</h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig10">Figure 10</a> compares the FTIR spectra of combustion chamber gases from stoichiometric (blue) and fuel-rich (red) tests, highlighting CO and CO2 as the main species, consistent with Horiuchi. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(18)</a> Normalizing their absorbance to concentration using standard references yielded CO2/CO ratios of 0.67 (stoichiometric) and 0.34 (fuel-rich). However, a quantitative analysis is approximate and inherently imprecise, as potential contamination during gas collection and measurement could affect the results, given the challenge of maintaining a completely controlled internal atmosphere. A small fraction of hydrocarbon species (e.g., CH4, C2H4, and C2H2) was also identified in both samples.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_10_Comparative_FTIR_spectra_of_combustion_gas_compositions_in_a_combustion_chamber_ac7b7daf84.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 10. Comparative FTIR spectra of combustion gas compositions in a combustion chamber." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_10_Comparative_FTIR_spectra_of_combustion_gas_compositions_in_a_combustion_chamber_ac7b7daf84.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1956" height="989">While experimental results indicate a higher CO2 presence than predicted, the overall trend aligns with expectations─higher fuel content shifts combustion products toward less oxidized species. Notably, the identified gaseous products are relatively simple and exhibit low toxicity compared to halogenated or metal-containing species commonly found in traditional pyrotechnic formulations, supporting the potential of this system as a more environmentally friendly alternative.Since the reaction involves both condensed-phase reactants and products, characterizing the solid residues is essential to evaluate the extent of reaction and gain insight into the actual progression of the reaction pathway. For this, SEM imaging and EDS analysis were employed to investigate the morphology and elemental composition of the combustion residues.<h5>3.8. SEM and EDS of Burning Residues</h5><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a> presents the SEM analysis of solid residues from the combustion of B4. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964/suppl_file/ao5c10964_si_001.pdf">Figure S5</a> exhibits images of the other samples. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a>a shows the top view of the burned delay element, revealing the distribution of residues across the surface, while <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig11">Figure 11</a>b provides a magnified view of a region rich in bright spherical structures. These spheres are likely bismuth that transitioned through a liquid or gaseous phase during the reaction and solidified upon cooling. This phenomenon of spherical formation due to phase transition is well-documented in the literature. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(33)</a><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_11_SEM_analysis_of_B4_after_burning_8fc7a8f520.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 11. SEM analysis of B4 after burning: (a) top view (50 ×) of the burned delay element showing the distribution of solid residues across the surface; (b) magnified view (1 k×) of a region rich in bright spherical structures." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_11_SEM_analysis_of_B4_after_burning_8fc7a8f520.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="2092" height="831"><h5>3.10. Surface Chemistry of Combustion Residues (XPS)</h5>Survey spectrum scans identified the main photoelectron lines corresponding to carbon, oxygen, boron, and bismuth. High-resolution scans for the O 1s, C 1s, B 1s, and Bi 4f regions of B4 are presented in <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.5c10964#fig19">Figure 19</a>, allowing detailed peak deconvolution and chemical assignment.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_19_XPS_high_resolution_spectra_of_O_1s_C_1s_B_1s_and_Bi_4f_regions_for_B4_5c6064d013.jpg" alt="ACS Omega 2026, 11, 3, 4668–4683: Figure 19. XPS high-resolution spectra of O 1s, C 1s, B 1s, and Bi 4f regions for B4." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_3_4668_4683_Figure_19_XPS_high_resolution_spectra_of_O_1s_C_1s_B_1s_and_Bi_4f_regions_for_B4_5c6064d013.jpg 214w," sizes="100vw" width="2049" height="1498">The analysis confirmed B2O3 as a major surface product and indicated the presence of unreacted B4C in the B4 sample through B–C bonds. sp2 carbon was also detected in B4, suggesting possible graphite formation, as predicted in thermodynamic calculations. A2 showed more Bi3+ than B4, supporting that the stoichiometric composition had more residual Bi2O3, while the fuel-rich B4 sample promoted greater reduction to Bi0. The presence of Bi3+ on the surface observed may result from postcombustion reoxidation of Bi0. These results reinforce the proposed reaction pathway and the role of fuel excess in enhancing reaction completeness. In this analysis, the B 1s spectrum further confirms the absence of BN by the lack of B–N peaks, consistent with the EDS results, which also revealed no detectable nitrogen signal.All experimental findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of boron carbide and bismuth oxide reactions under both basic and applied conditions, particularly in delay compositions. These results provide new insights into the reaction pathway and the underlying combustion mechanism.<h4>4. Conclusions</h4>Stoichiometric formulations of B4C/Bi2O3, which ignited when not pressed, failed to burn after being lightly compacted; a fuel-rich composition is necessary to ensure combustion. The fuel-rich compositions ignited readily and maintained combustion without quenching. Water facilitated the granulation process and improved the final composition. With increasing loading pressure, burning rates decrease due to reduced convective heat transfer, leading the combustion process to transition toward a conductive regime. Particle size also impacted combustion, particularly with larger Bi2O3 particles, which influenced the combustion profile up to a certain threshold. Additionally, the granule size of the final composition was found to alter the burning behavior, with larger granules promoting faster combustion at lower pressures.Thermodynamic calculations provided an initial insight into the reaction process. The findings show that the reaction progresses through distinct stages: starting in a solid–solid preignition phase, transitioning to a solid–liquid phase as components melt, and culminating in a gas phase marked by significant product volatilization, illustrating a complete combustion evolution.FTIR analysis confirmed that the main gaseous products are CO and CO2, indicating reduced environmental toxicity. Elemental and phase analyses confirmed that the reaction followed the expected pathway, with Bi and B2O3 as the predominant products. No Bi2O3 was detected by XRD, indicating that the oxidizer was fully consumed in the bulk. Morphological analysis of the products suggests that, upon cooling, bismuth solidifies into small metallic spheres, while surface analysis indicates that B2O3 remains predominantly in the outer layer. Altogether, the results are consistent and complementary, reinforcing the reliability and scientific rigor of the study.All these observations accentuate the necessity of conducting experiments under application-specific conditions. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the combustion dynamics of low toxicity B4C/Bi2O3 mixtures but also underscore their potential for practical applications requiring precise delay times and environmental sustainability. The successful use of water as a green solvent further highlights the viability of developing sustainable pyrotechnic compositions. This research advances the field by providing valuable insights into optimizing performance while minimizing environmental impact through careful material selection and process control.</div>

Sustainable Pyrotechnics: Combustion Behavior of B4C/Bi2O3 for Delay Compositions

In the week from May 11, the following webinars await you in the field of atomic and molecular spectroscopy and spectrometry<blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinars">👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</a></h4>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database with over 5 500 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars.</blockquote><h5>1. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Uncovering Microplastics: Identification, Quantification, and Exposure Assessment</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 08:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6136">Registration</a></li></ul>In this webinar, we will explore complementary analytical solutions for comprehensive microplastics characterization.<h5>2. SPECTRO Analytical Instruments: Elemental Analysis of Superalloys: Ensuring Performance in Extreme Applications</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 10:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6170">Registration</a></li></ul>Learn how accurate elemental analysis ensures superalloy performance, with OES and XRF solutions for reliable quality control from lab to field.<h5>3. Agilent Technologies: What have you been smoking? Elemental Analysis in Cannabis and Cannabis Products with ICP-MS</h5><ul><li>Tu, 12.5.2026 20:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6063">Registration</a></li></ul>Learn how automated calibration and dilution streamline ICP-MS food testing workflows, improving accuracy, traceability, and productivity while addressing rare-earth doubly charged interferences.<h5>4. AZoM: Faster REE Exploration Decisions with XRF Technology Explained</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6195">Registration</a></li></ul>Join the webinar to see how handheld XRF provides a significant advantage in today's fast-paced REE landscape.<h5>5. Bruker: Advancing Industrial Metrology Automation with Bruker's Dimension AFMs</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6172">Registration</a></li></ul>This webinar will explore how Dimension AFM platforms support increasing levels of automation, from scripted measurements to data-driven control.<h5>6. Anton Paar: Polymer Rheology: Impact of Humidity on Material Behavior</h5><ul><li>We, 13.5.2026 18:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5801">Registration</a></li></ul>Discover how humidity impacts polymers and soft materials. Learn how moisture alters rheology, tackiness, curing, and flowability through real case studies across films, adhesives, foods, and powders.<h5>7. LECO: TOC Determination in Soil and Waste</h5><ul><li>Th, 14.5.2026 14:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/6038">Registration</a></li></ul>Join this webinar to explore modern methods for TOC determination in soils and waste. Learn how standardized approaches, instrumentation, and method selection influence data quality and regulatory compliance.

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Routine chemical analysis typically involves several steps, e.g. selection of procedure, sampling, sample preparation, measurement, result calculation, uncertainty estimation, and reporting to customer. Based on the result, important decisions and actions are taken. The steps before and after the measurement are often referred to as “pre- and post-analytical”. There are many sources of uncertainty associated with this work, some of which can actually limit the overall quality.&nbsp;Proficiency testing (PT) and external quality assessment (EQA) schemes are effective means of assessing the quality of routine analyses. However, if there are specific procedures, either before or after the measurement, which are applied to the routine samples, but not to the PT test sample, the result reflects only the quality of part of the measurement process. Pre- and post-analytical PT/ EQA schemes are already widely used in laboratory medicine. The standard ISO 15189, that underpins accreditation of medical laboratories, stresses that EQA schemes should “... have the effect of checking the entire process including pre- and post-examination procedures ...”&nbsp;The examples in this leaflet illustrate the potential and importance of pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA. They are intended as an inspiration for the providers to further develop their external quality control activities.<h4>Pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA – a means for harmonisation&nbsp;</h4>By illustrating, e.g. lack of adherence to guidelines, or variation in sample preparation, or inconsistency in interpretation, pre- and post-analytical PT/EQA schemes pinpoint problems not apparent in other schemes. This may lead to improved harmonisation and changes to guidelines and standards.<h4>Example 1: Interpreting clinical chemistry information&nbsp;</h4>Patient background information together with analytical results can be used to check agreement of interpretational advice given by medical doctors. This type of scheme can, therefore, include both pre- and post-analytical aspects. The provider, e.g. through an expert group, ranks the quality of participants’ response and suggestions, and presents them in the report with comments.<h4>Example 2: Sampling requests in microbiology&nbsp;</h4>Using the scenario of food poisoning, pre- &amp; post-analytical aspects of sampling requests in a microbiology scheme can be highlighted. The provider gives information about food type, symptoms, and incubation time with a simulated sample. Participants choose which organism(s) to test for. The associated laboratory work involves examination of samples, report on method(s) of choice and results. Participants could, e.g. be asked to specify which toxins or pathogens are likely to cause the food poisoning and state whether or not they will disseminate information, e.g. to hospitals or food suppliers. The feedback report would then show the results of each participant together with the comments of the provider.&nbsp;<h4>Example 3: Toy testing&nbsp;</h4>Faulty design, usage and chance play a role in injury and death incidents related to children’s toys. Toy safety is the practice of ensuring that toys are safe, usually through the application of set safety standards. The PT provider sources a toy, performs visual assessment of its homogeneity, and distributes the samples. Participants are requested to assess the toy against the European standard EN 71 and they have to decide which clauses of the standard apply. The clauses chosen define the test(s) to be carried out. The feedback report will contain a “model answer” including clauses, tests and labeling requirements (when applicable).&nbsp;<h4>Example 4: Monitoring drinking water quality&nbsp;</h4>A post-analytical application can be underpinned by legislation and national regulations (Directive 98/83/EC). Participants receive a synthetic drinking water sample with properties close to one or more limiting values. They are requested to deliver results, uncertainties and a “pass/fail” recommendation to the customer. The recommendations of the provider are listed in the feedback report for educational purposes. Information can be fed back also to regulators to serve, e.g. as basis for further discussions.&nbsp;<blockquote><h5>More information / further reading&nbsp;</h5>Information about PT providers and schemes can be obtained from your national accreditation body, from the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.eptis.org/">EPTIS website</a> or from other national or international organisations.</blockquote>

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Eurachem is a European network promoting international traceability of chemical measurements and good analytical practice. It provides expert guidance, supports method validation, uncertainty evaluation, proficiency testing, and facilitates discussion on technical and policy issues in analytical quality.

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Familiarize yourself with the ICP-Expert software. Learn how to create and optimize a method for different types of applications.
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Presenter: Ana García González (Atomic Spectroscopy Application Scientist, Agilent Technologies)
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Ana Garcia is the Atomic Spectroscopy Application Scientist at Agilent Technologies. Ana has a broad background in atomic spectroscopy technologies, including international experience developing and validating analytical spectroscopy methods for the geochemical industry. She has also published in the fields of molecular spectroscopy and chemometrics. Ana holds a MSc in plant Biotechnology at CINVESTAV, México, and a Bachelor of Science in Biotechnology Engineering.
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Agilent Technologies: ICP-OES Method Development and Optimization

ICP-OES Method Development and Optimization

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There are numerous reasons why bringing the spectrophotometer to the sample instead of the tradition method of bring the sample to the spectrophotometer makes sense for making a measurement. During this presentation we will examine some of the reasons and look at aspects of using fiber optics on the Cary 60. Practical examples of samples will also be discussed.
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Presenter: Mark Fisher, PhD (Application Engineer, Molecular Spectroscopy, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
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Mark, an Application Scientist for Agilent Technologies, has over 35 years of experience in molecular spectroscopy. He has held roles in Agilent&#39;s UV-Vis-NIR, fluorescence, and atomic absorption product portfolios. In addition to identifying industry trends and new business needs, Mark&#39;s responsibilities include application development, pre and post-sales support, as well as acting as a customer advocate for new product and technology opportunities. Mark received his doctorate in analytical chemistry from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
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The Right Laboratory Balance Service at the Right Time
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Weighing is a core process in almost every application in a lab. To maintain consistent results, it&#39;s essential to regularly service your equipment. But what are the most important services, and how often do they need to be performed?
In this webinar, we will guide you, based on the lifecycle of a balance, through the different services that can help you to keep your instrument accurate and extend its lifetime – from the instrument selection to its installation, throughout its routine operation, and up to the time for replacement.
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In this webinar, we will explore an intelligent autodiluter designed to enhance transformative strategies for laboratory workflows. In our application we are focusing on enhancing analytical performance, increasing sample throughput, and simplifying liquid sample handling.
These three themes are pivotal to improving productivity and reliability in laboratory operations, particularly for those utilizing inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technologies.
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<li>Simplify workflow solutions</li>
<li>Automate your workflow to enhance analytical performance</li>
</ul>
<h5>You will learn how to:</h5>
<ul>
<li>Automate your workflow to enhance analytical performance</li>
<li>Increase sample throughput using an advanced dilution system</li>
<li>Simplify your liquid sample handling</li>
<li>Automate calibration preparation</li>
</ul>
<h5>What is covered?</h5>
<ul>
<li>Method development: Participants will learn how to handle samples with varying analyte concentration levels, and how software automatically identifies the dilution required, improving analytical throughput while maintaining the highest standards of accuracy and precision.
</li>
<li>Aimed at professionals deeply involved in pre-screening tasks, this session will explain the path to effortlessly integrating prescriptive dilution capabilities into laboratory workflows. By employing a strategic combination of ICP-OES for pre-screening and selective use of ICP-MS for detailed analysis, we guide laboratories toward an efficient, cost-effective, and streamlined operational model, enhancing productivity without compromising quality.
</li>
<li>Simplifying workflow solution: Automating your laboratory workflow is essential for enhancing analytical performance and ensuring that precision and efficiency are maintained at every stage of the analytical process. By integrating automation into your systems, you can minimize the potential for human error, which is often a significant factor in discrepancies and inconsistencies in data. Automation also allows for more consistent execution of repetitive tasks such as sample preparation and data entry.
</li>
<li>Increase sample throughput using an advanced dilution system. Increasing sample throughput is a crucial objective for many laboratories, especially those dealing with high volumes of samples on a daily basis. An advanced dilution system can play a critical role in achieving this goal by significantly streamlining the process of sample preparation. These systems are designed to automatically adjust the concentration of samples, which not only speeds up the preparation phase but also ensures consistency and accuracy across all samples.
</li>
<li>Simplifying liquid sample handling in the laboratory involves streamlining the processes involved in storing, transferring, and preparing liquid samples, which are crucial for maintaining high standards of accuracy and efficiency.
</li>
</ul>
<h5>Who should attend?</h5>
<ul>
<li>Laboratory managers seeking to enhance operational efficiency</li>
<li>Analytical chemists and technicians in environmental testing fields</li>
<li>Quality assurance and control specialists focusing on improving analytical accuracy</li>
<li>Environmental scientists interested in cutting-edge laboratory technologies</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dan McCarthy (Software NPI Product Manager – Agilent Technologies)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Dan has been at Agilent since 2015 and is currently working as the Software NPI Product Manager in the Atomic Spectroscopy division. Before working at Agilent, Dan held roles in environmental and materials contract testing laboratories, primarily performing ICP-OES method development and analysis on a wide range of sample types.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Peter Riles (Application Engineer, Agilent Technologies)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Peter is currently working as an Application Engineer for Agilent Technologies Atomic Spectroscopy Division after joining in 2017. Collectively, Peter has over 22 years atomic spectroscopy experience across all atomic spectroscopy platforms. Previously, Peter held various roles in commercial geochemistry laboratories. This included sample preparation and analysis using a large variety of chemical techniques and instrumentation. Peter’s experience in laboratories culminated in supervising and managing commercial analytical laboratories.
</blockquote>

Separation Science: Get More Out of Your ICP-MS and ICP-OES Analysis Workflow

Get More Out of Your ICP-MS and ICP-OES Analysis Workflow

In this webinar, we will explore an intelligent autodiluter designed to enhance transformative strategies for laboratory workflows.

Immediate and reliable elemental information for process and quality control in the petrochemical industry is provided by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. It enables norm compliant analysis of various elements at different process stages and in final fuel products (e.g., ASTM D2622, ASTM D7220, ISO 20884), as well as in the subsequent downstream supply chain such as tank farms and depots. Moreover, XRF plays an important role in evaluating lubricant additives and detecting wear metals in high-speed engine oils, crucial for maintaining the integrity of high-quality products, as outlined in ASTM D6443 and DIN 51399.
There are different XRF technologies, like compact energy-dispersive systems (EDXRF) and large high-end wavelength-dispersive systems (WDXRF). The right technique for your task depends on the analytical requirements. In this online seminar we will provide guidance based on use cases for a broad range of applications in the petrochemical industry.
Register now to learn what XRF can do for you! In two lab sessions, we will show how easy it is to operate our spectrometers and provide valuable tips and tricks. Our experts will answer your questions during our Q&amp;A session.
There will be two broadcasts:
<ul>
<li>May 15th, 9:00 - 10:00 AM CEST</li>
<li>May 15th, 4:00 - 5:00 PM CEST</li>
</ul>
Which Applications will be covered?
<ul>
<li>Monitoring crude oil feedstock </li>
<li>Process control of intermediate refinery products </li>
<li>Monitoring of key refinery elements </li>
<li>Cl, Ni, V, and Fe (ASTM D4929, ASTM D8252) </li>
<li>Norm-compliant S analysis, e.g. ASTM D2622, D7220, ISO 20884 </li>
<li>Trace analysis in residues and petcoke (ASTM D6376) </li>
<li>Additive analysis in lubricating oils (ASTM D6481, D7751) </li>
<li>Wear metal analysis in used engine oils </li>
<li>Lubricant analysis according to ASTM D6443 and DIN 51399-2 </li>
<li>and more …</li>
</ul>
Agenda (60 min)
<ul>
<li>Introduction to XRF</li>
<li>How to Optimize Your Refinery Processes </li>
<li>Lab Session 1: Benefits of Polarized EDXRF </li>
<li>Lubricants: From Basic to High-Performance </li>
<li>Lab Session 2: Lubricant Analysis with WDXRF </li>
<li>Q&amp;A Session with our Experts</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. Kai Behrens (Head of XRF Product Line Management, Bruker AXS)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. Adrian Fiege (Product Manager XRF, Bruker AXS)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Renata Janjic (Application Scientist XRF, Bruker AXS)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Frank Portala (Product Manager XRF, Bruker AXS)
</blockquote>

Bruker: XRF in the Petrochemical Industry - From Refinery Feedstock to Fuels and Lubricants

XRF in the Petrochemical Industry - From Refinery Feedstock to Fuels and Lubricants

Learn what XRF can do for you! We will show how easy it is to operate our spectrometers and provide valuable tips and tricks.

XRF in the Petrochemical Industry

Single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) provides the most complete description of materials in atomic detail and plays a key role in diverse research fields such as chemistry, pharmacy, geology, materials, and biology.
Recent advances in hardware give better structures faster and make owning a diffractometer headache free. APEX5 software features streamlined workflows to enable any scientist to solve publication quality structures with confidence.
In this seminar, we will show how straightforward it is to determine atomic resolution structures using the latest APEX5 software suite and provide guidance on the things to consider when setting-up a SC-XRD instrument in your laboratory.
If you are considering getting started in crystallography and have any questions, our experts will answer all your questions during the Q&amp;A session. 
Want to learn more? Register now for your preferred time slot.
<ul>
<li>JUNE 19, 9:00 - 9:45 AM CEST (BERLIN)</li>
<li>JUNE 19, 4:00 - 4:45 PM CEST (BERLIN)</li>
</ul>
Agenda
<ul>
<li>What can SC-XRD add to my research?</li>
<li>What to look for in a modern instrument </li>
<li>Online demonstration: Solving crystal structures with APEX5</li>
<li>Selecting the best instrument for your research</li>
<li>Q&amp;A Session with our experts</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. Michael Ruf (Product Manager X-ray Crystallography US and Canada Bruker AXS Inc. Madison, WI USA)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. Vernon Smith (Business Development Manager SC-XRD, Bruker AXS)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Ashley Schmidt (SC-XRD Applications Scientist)
</blockquote>

Bruker: Getting Started in Crystallography

Getting Started in Crystallography

Determine atomic resolution structures using APEX5 software and guidance on setting-up a SC-XRD instrument in your laboratory.

What to expect?
Elemental analysis with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS or EDX) in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) can be challenging when dealing with complex and difficult samples. These samples include beam-sensitive materials, life science and biological thin sections, semiconductor devices, battery materials, FIB/TEM lamellae, nanoparticles, and samples with topographic features or heavy surface charge accumulation (i.e. glass and ceramics). For such materials, large area EDS detectors (&gt;100 mm2) are preferred, however their inclined detector geometry and small collection angle can hinder efficient signal collection. This results in noisy EDS maps with poor spectral data quality.
In this webinar, you will learn how the XFlash® FlatQUAD detector can transform your SEM EDS elemental analysis from slow, difficult, and sometimes impossible - to an easy routine analysis. Maximum signal collection is ensured by the detector’s annular four segment SDD design, detector placement under pole-piece, and the high take-off angle. XFlash® FlatQUAD enables unmatched sensitivity, even at low (&lt;3 kV) or high (&gt;15 kV) voltages and ultra-low probe currents (&lt;50 pA). These beam conditions are necessary for “difficult” samples&quot; and are impossible to achieve using conventional single or even multiple large-area EDS detectors with an inclined geometry.
Join us for an informative 30-minute session, where Bruker Nano Analytic’s experts will discuss the capabilities of qualitative and quantitative EDS using the cutting-edge XFlash® FlatQUAD. Discover how this groundbreaking detector can effortlessly handle even the most challenging samples at unparalleled speed (10x – 50x faster) while maintaining unmatched sensitivity, making it is the preferred choice of SEM EDS analysts.
What you will learn?
<ul>
<li>Why chemical maps with EDS/EDX in SEM and FIB-SEM are often noisy with no useful data.
</li>
<li>The limitations of conventional large-area EDS detectors for elemental analysis of “difficult” samples in SEM.
</li>
<li>How to overcome common challenges such as surface charge accumulation, shadowing, low signal counts, low X-ray yield, high noise levels, and long measurement times.
</li>
<li>Techniques for the elemental mapping of uncoated samples without using low pressure/low vacuum conditions.
</li>
<li>Practical applications in various fields including life sciences, semiconductors, materials science, geology, and battery research.
</li>
<li>The key features and benefits of EDS using XFlash® FlatQUAD: the 4-SDD segment, BSE-like horizontal insertion EDS detector.
</li>
</ul>
Who should attend?
<ul>
<li>Researchers, students, and industry professionals involved in scanning electron microscopy and related fields.
</li>
<li>SEM and TEM users interested in the characterization of nanostructured materials.
</li>
<li>Everyone that is interested in qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis for materials science, life science, semiconductors, and battery materials.
</li>
</ul>

Bruker: Transform Challenging EDS Measurements into Routine Analytical Work

Transform Challenging EDS Measurements into Routine Analytical Work

 Learn how the XFlash® FlatQUAD detector can transform your SEM EDS elemental analysis

Transform EDS Measurements into Routine Analytical Work

Join us for a series of ICP-OES and ICP-MS Lunch and Learn webinars throughout 2024 to make your lunch break a little more enjoyable.
Each webinar will be from 12:00 – 12:30 pm BST – you can either sign up to all of them or just the ones of interest to you.
Our second webinar of the series will show how you can identify potential interferences within your samples and how we can use ICP-MS to overcome them.
<blockquote>
Presenter: David Fishwick (Applications Specialist, TEA, Thermo Fisher Scientific)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
David joined Thermo in 2022 as an Applications Specialist for the Trace Elemental Analysis product range in the UK and Ireland. Prior to joining Thermo, David has gained experience of trace elemental analysis and chromatography in industry, working in GMP, GLP and UKAS accrediated R&amp;D and pharmaceutical laboratories. David holds a BSc in Chemistry from Bangor University.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Matthew Gregory (Applications Specialist, TEA, Thermo Fisher Scientific)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
After graduating from the University of Surrey with an MChem in Chemistry, Matthew has gained 20 years’ experience of trace elemental analysis in industry, working in environmental and precious metal research laboratories. In 2018, Matthew joined Thermo Fisher Scientific as an Applications Specialist for the Trace Elemental Analysis product range in the UK and Ireland.
</blockquote>

Thermo Fisher Scientific: Trace Elemental Analysis Lunch and Learn Webinars

Effective Interference Removal using Single- and Triple-Quadrupole ICP-MS

Identify potential interferences within your samples and overcome them using ICP-MS.

Interference Removal using Single- and Triple-Q ICP-MS

High matrix samples, such as those containing high dissolved solids, can often be challenging potentially resulting in poor data quality and instrument performance, leading to excess maintenance.
In this webinar we will discuss the techniques available to deal with these samples.
<blockquote>
Presenter: David Fishwick (Applications Specialist, TEA, Thermo Fisher Scientific)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
David joined Thermo in 2022 as an Applications Specialist for the Trace Elemental Analysis product range in the UK and Ireland. Prior to joining Thermo, David has gained experience of trace elemental analysis and chromatography in industry, working in GMP, GLP and UKAS accrediated R&amp;D and pharmaceutical laboratories. David holds a BSc in Chemistry from Bangor University.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Matthew Gregory (Applications Specialist, TEA, Thermo Fisher Scientific)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
After graduating from the University of Surrey with an MChem in Chemistry, Matthew has gained 20 years’ experience of trace elemental analysis in industry, working in environmental and precious metal research laboratories. In 2018, Matthew joined Thermo Fisher Scientific as an Applications Specialist for the Trace Elemental Analysis product range in the UK and Ireland.
</blockquote>

Thermo Scientific: Dealing with the Complexity of High Matrix Samples on ICP-OES and ICP-MS

ICPMS webinars focusing on Tips & Tricks - page 6

Dealing with the Complexity of High Matrix Samples on ICP-OES and ICP-MS