<div>In 2025, two outstanding young female researchers, Drs. Filipa Oliveira and Stella Gonsales, both originally from outside the Czech Republic, received prestigious JUNIOR STAR grants from the Czech Science Foundation (GAČR). JUNIOR STAR enables early career researchers to establish their own independent research groups and significantly advance their scientific careers. Their projects reflect cutting-edge research in materials science and sustainable chemistry, highlighting the international reach and welcoming research environment at UCT Prague.Dr. Stella Gonsales is also a&nbsp;laureate of the Dagmar Procházková Fund, which supports promising scientific projects in sustainable and advanced organic chemistry. Another recipient of this grant is Dr.&nbsp;Anna Valunchene, whose research complements UCT Prague’s&nbsp;sustainability goals. This dual funding underlines Stella’s&nbsp;remarkable achievements and the wide scope of innovative research at UCT Prague.Both Filipa and Stella are actively looking for motivated students and researchers to join their teams, offering a&nbsp;unique opportunity to work at the forefront of science in a&nbsp;vibrant and supportive environment.</div><div><h3>Interview with Filipa Oliveira: Pioneering tubular MXenes for supercapacitor energy storage</h3><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VSCHT_Praha_V_prestizni_soutezi_GACR_uspely_dve_zahranicni_vedkyne_z_VSCHT_2_da6e538579.jpeg" alt="VŠCHT Prague: JUNIOR STAR Grants at UCT Prague: Two talented women from abroad driving innovation in science: Filipa Oliveira" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VSCHT_Praha_V_prestizni_soutezi_GACR_uspely_dve_zahranicni_vedkyne_z_VSCHT_2_da6e538579.jpeg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1500" height="999"><h5>Congratulations on receiving the JUNIOR STAR grant. What does this achievement mean for you and how will it influence your next steps?</h5>Thank you. It’s&nbsp;a huge achievement to receive this prestigious grant. It gives me the opportunity to establish my own research group here at UCT Prague. The JUNIOR STAR program supports talented young scientists in building their teams and accessing resources. This means I&nbsp;now have the support to focus fully on my research about tubular MXenes and their application in supercapacitors.<h5>Why are tubular MXenes so innovative for energy storage?</h5>MXenes are a family of 2D materials with a layered, accordion-like structure and known for their excellent electrical conductivity. Our innovation is to produce them with a tubular morphology, combining the high conductivity and redox activity in superior ion-transport tubular architectures. Their open, hollow structure increases surface area, ion diffusion and charge transport. This could translate to faster, more efficient supercapacitors, critical for sustainable energy technologies.<h5>How did your scientific interest lead you to this field?</h5>Global challenges around green energy made me focus on materials that can improve energy storage. MXenes stood out because changes in the composition and structure can significantly change their properties. I&nbsp;was curious about how tuning different metallic elements in a&nbsp;tubular morphology can impact how MXenes perform and how to optimize them for practical applications.<h5>What challenges have you encountered?</h5>One major challenge is their stability: MXenes oxidize quickly which deteriorates performance. Another challenge is understanding how synthesis conditions of both MXenes and their precursors (MAX phases) must be adapted to create and preserve tubular morphologies since their synthesis mechanisms differ from conventional MXenes. Additionally, effectively communicating the project in the funding proposal to show to reviewers why I&nbsp;should obtain this funding was also a&nbsp;challenge, but thanks to mentorship and collaboration, I&nbsp;overcame these hurdles.<h5>What motivates you most about working at UCT Prague?</h5>The support from colleagues and the excellent technical infrastructure make it a&nbsp;great place to work. Also, being a&nbsp;former member of Professor Sofer’s&nbsp;leading group in 2D&nbsp;materials is inspiring and led me to this achievement.<h5>How do&nbsp;you see your professional development going in the future?</h5>The grant will help me build my own team, acquire equipment, and develop collaborations. My long-term vision is to contribute significantly to sustainable energy solutions and scientific progress both locally and internationally.<h5>You are looking for new team members. What kind of students or scientists do&nbsp;you need?</h5>We are currently welcoming enthusiastic master's&nbsp;students, PhD candidates, and postdocs who are passionate about materials science and eager to explore new frontiers in MXenes and energy storage. If you love curiosity-driven research and want to be part of a&nbsp;growing international team, we encourage you to join us.<h3>Interview with Stella Gonsales: Catalysis as a&nbsp;key to polymer recycling</h3><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VSCHT_Praha_V_prestizni_soutezi_GACR_uspely_dve_zahranicni_vedkyne_z_VSCHT_3_3d0ded6274.jpeg" alt="VŠCHT Prague: JUNIOR STAR Grants at UCT Prague: Two talented women from abroad driving innovation in science: Stella Gonsales" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VSCHT_Praha_V_prestizni_soutezi_GACR_uspely_dve_zahranicni_vedkyne_z_VSCHT_3_3d0ded6274.jpeg 233w," sizes="100vw" width="1499" height="1000"><h5>Congratulations on your JUNIOR STAR grant and also being awarded the Dagmar Procházková Fund. What does receiving both mean to you and how will they shape your work?</h5>Thank you. Both grants are hugely important. The JUNIOR STAR grant allows me to expand my group and resources for research into catalytic recycling of polymers, while the Dagmar Procházková Fund supports complementary projects such as synthesizing new biodegradable polymers. Together, they help tackle the plastic waste problem from multiple scientific angles.<h5>Could you explain your research in layperson’s&nbsp;terms?</h5>Most plastics have strong carbon-carbon bonds. We insert more cleavable double bonds into polymers that can be broken down by catalytic reactions called olefin metathesis, making recycling on a&nbsp;molecular level more feasible.<h5>What makes the JUNIOR STAR grant particularly important for your research and career development?</h5>The JUNIOR STAR grant is a&nbsp;prestigious and highly competitive funding opportunity aimed at excellent early-career scientists within eight years of completing a&nbsp;Ph.D. It provides up to 25&nbsp;million CZK over five years, allowing recipients to establish independent research groups and pursue innovative scientific topics. This grant is crucial for building a&nbsp;solid foundation, acquiring necessary equipment, and recruiting talented team members, enabling the pursuit of ambitious projects that can significantly contribute to both the Czech scientific community and global challenges.<h5>What collaborations support your research?</h5>The collaboration between UCT Prague and the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry (IOCB) of the Czech Academy of Sciences primarily provides financial and technical support. The cooperation helps with funding, access to advanced equipment, and operational resources needed for running research projects.<h5>What advice would you give young scientists aiming to succeed?</h5>I&nbsp;encourage thinking outside the box and combining diverse knowledge you acquire during your career to address complex problems that are exciting and relevant to you.<h5>Your laboratory bears the name of Otto Wichterle and was ceremonially opened in the presence of Professor Kamil Wichterle. How does Wichterle’s&nbsp;legacy inspire you personally?</h5>Wichterle’<s>’</s>s&nbsp;innovative spirit motivates me to push creative boundaries and pursue novel solutions in sustainable chemistry.<h5>What are your visions for the future?</h5>I&nbsp;aim to build a&nbsp;research group that advances sustainable polymer recycling, contributing to environmental responsibility and the circular economy.<h5>You are recruiting people for your team. What skills do&nbsp;they need to have?</h5>We are looking for talented Ph.D. students and postdocs experienced in air-sensitive catalysis techniques. If you want to contribute to transformative research in sustainable chemistry and join a&nbsp;dynamic team, this is a&nbsp;great opportunity.</div>

JUNIOR STAR Grants at UCT Prague: Two talented women from abroad driving innovation in science

The clean laboratories of the CEITEC Nano research infrastructure at CEITEC Brno University of Technology house a four-meter-tall TITAN transmission electron microscope for researching materials at the atomic level. This scientific device underwent two significant upgrades this year, entailing the addition of two state-of-the-art technologies: an electromagnetic lens aberration corrector for scanning transmission electron microscopy and an electron energy loss spectrometer equipped with cameras featuring today's most sensitive sensors. Thanks to these upgrades, TITAN has become a state-of-the-art device that can only be found in a few of the world's most advanced laboratories in this configuration.The TITAN Themis microscope was manufactured in 2015 by FEI (now Thermo Fisher Scientific) and has been in use at CEITEC BUT since 2016. At the time of its acquisition, it was one of the most powerful commercially available electron microscopes; however, it lacked a corrector for optical defects in the lenses that form the narrow electron beam scanning the sample. This meant limited resolution and a lower ability to analyze the chemical composition and physical properties of materials at the atomic level."The latest generation S-CORR aberration corrector allows the electron beam to be focused to a size up to twice smaller than an atom, while also providing a higher electron current. This has led to a significant increase in the resolution and analytical capabilities of the microscope," explains Jan Michalička, guarantor of the TITAN microscope. "Thanks to the new corrector, our microscope achieves the world's highest standard in resolution, specifically less than 50 picometers at an acceleration voltage of 300 keV." For better understanding, he adds a comparison: "Imagine the ratio of the size of a golf ball to that of planet Earth. That is exactly the ratio of an atom measuring 100 pm to a golf ball." Thanks to this resolution, scientists are not only able to image individual atoms, but also to determine their chemical nature through further analysis. This is of fundamental importance, for example, for the development of new catalysts for a more environmentally friendly chemical industry.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_8ebd8d7245.jpg" alt="CEITEC/CEITEC BUT archive: Upgrade of TITAN transmission electron microscope ranks CEITEC among elite laboratories: Differences in resolution before and after the installation of the aberration corrector." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_8ebd8d7245.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="904">The new corrector also allows the microscope to achieve high resolution even with low-energy electrons. This is crucial for studying highly sensitive materials such as graphene and other two-dimensional structures, which would be damaged by a stronger electron beam. "Electrons interact strongly with the sample and can damage it at the atomic level, for example, by changing its structure and chemical composition. With the new corrector, we can achieve atomic resolution even at the lowest acceleration voltage of 60 keV, allowing us to study even very sensitive materials in a virtually unchanged state," says Jan Michalička.<h4>The additional installation of a corrector at the CEITEC laboratory is unique worldwide</h4>Correctors of optical defects in electromagnetic lenses are an exceptional technology that has completely changed the world of electron microscopy. For a long time, they were considered technically impossible, and the absence of correctors essentially prevented research into the structure and properties of materials at the atomic level. It was not until the 1990s that a group of four scientists – Harald Rose, Max Haider, Knut Urban, and Ondřej Křivánek – succeeded in implementing this technology, for which they received the prestigious Kavli Prize in 2020. “Correctors basically consist of a pair of complex lenses, each containing a series of magnetic multipoles. In the case of the correctors invented by the first three scientists mentioned above, defects are removed by two hexapole lenses. Our new corrector is based on the same concept,” adds Jan Michalička.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_2_c7e74d8554.jpeg" alt="CEITEC/CEITEC BUT archive: Upgrade of TITAN transmission electron microscope ranks CEITEC among elite laboratories: Delivered aberration corrector prior to installation, with the TITAN microscope in the background." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_2_c7e74d8554.jpeg 117w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="2133">The additional installation of a corrector is unique in itself nowadays. Similarly complex technologies are usually installed during the manufacture of microscopes in the factory, in this case in the Netherlands. However, in Brno, the microscope was successfully upgraded with a corrector under the limited conditions of the laboratory. The installation of the corrector took about four months and required the dismantling of a large part of the microscope. "With this installation, we basically went back to the time when the four scientists mentioned above placed their prototype corrector on an older microscope, thus improving its performance," says Jan Michalička with a smile, adding that the most difficult part was the precise adjustment of the corrector and the entire optics of the microscope in order to achieve top parameters. "Even though most things are now controlled by computers, there are only a few people in the world who can install and tune a corrector to the highest level of accuracy. We are therefore extremely pleased to have had such experts at our disposal here."<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_4_b2cf95fb5c.jpeg" alt="CEITEC/CEITEC BUT archive: Upgrade of TITAN transmission electron microscope ranks CEITEC among elite laboratories: Installation of the aberration corrector – removal of the condenser." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_4_b2cf95fb5c.jpeg 117w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="2133"><h4>New spectrometer will enable scientists to see more</h4>The second and equally important upgrade to the TITAN microscope is the installation of the latest generation GIF Continuum HR electron energy loss spectrometer by Gatan. This is an approximately two-meter-long device installed horizontally under the microscope, whose main component is a magnetic prism that separates the electron beam according to their energy losses. The spectra of these losses provide enormous information about the sample, principally at the atomic level, as they are characteristic of the given state of the atoms, such as the valence arrangement of their electron shell. In combination with the new corrector, the spectra can be used to analyze the chemical bonds, arrangement in the crystal lattice, or the entire range of physical properties of atomic nanostructures down to the level of individual atoms.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_8_fdab871ef5.jpeg" alt="CEITEC/CEITEC BUT archive: Upgrade of TITAN transmission electron microscope ranks CEITEC among elite laboratories: Installation of the spectrometer beneath the microscope, magnetic prism." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_8_fdab871ef5.jpeg 117w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="2133">An essential part of the spectrometer are the state-of-the-art K3 and Stela cameras, which can directly detect and count individual electrons. At the same time, these cameras are extremely fast and their sensors capture data without noise. "These features of our cameras are key to measuring sensitive or dynamically changing samples and allow us to obtain information that was previously invisible to electron microscopes," says Jan Michalička.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_9_d8b87903f2.jpeg" alt="CEITEC/CEITEC BUT archive: Upgrade of TITAN transmission electron microscope ranks CEITEC among elite laboratories: Installed high-performance spectrometer cameras." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_9_d8b87903f2.jpeg 117w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="2133">Last but not least, the spectrometer will open up completely new possibilities for measuring the magnetic properties of atomic structures. The new spectrometer will also be used for such experiments within the project TERAFIT, which financed this upgrade, and which focuses on research into materials for ultra-high capacity, speed, and energy efficiency in information technology. "The device is fully prepared for advanced experiments and the use of modern software tools, including artificial intelligence," adds Vojtěch Uhlíř, head of the Nanomagnetism and Spintronics research group at CEITEC BUT and one of the TERAFIT project investigators, highlighting the advantages of the spectrometer.Together with the corrector, the spectrometer represents a breakthrough in the analysis of material properties, and according to Jan Michalička, CEITEC now has one of the most powerful microscopes available. “In modern materials science, for example, in the development of magnetic memories, quantum materials, or 2D structures, it is necessary to see not only atoms, but also their behaviour in real time, including magnetic states. And it is this spectrometer that pushes the boundaries of what we can see and analyze.” Michal Urbánek, head of the CEITEC Nano laboratories and coordinator of the large research infrastructure <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.czechnanolab.cz/">CzechNanoLab</a>, agrees with him, adding that the device can now contribute to scientific knowledge on a global scale. “Thanks to its integration into the large CzechNanoLab research infrastructure, this state-of-the-art microscope is accessible not only to scientists from CEITEC, but also to other institutions in the Czech Republic and abroad.”<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_10_7a2b57cc6d.jpeg" alt="CEITEC/CEITEC BUT archive: Upgrade of TITAN transmission electron microscope ranks CEITEC among elite laboratories: Final configuration of the TITAN microscope after installation of the aberration corrector and spectrometer." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_CEITEC_Upgrade_transmisniho_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_TITAN_zaradil_CEITEC_mezi_elitni_laboratore_10_7a2b57cc6d.jpeg 117w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="2133"><blockquote>Do you want to know more? Read the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ceitec.eu/upgrade-of-titan-transmission-electron-microscope-ranks-ceitec-among-elite-laboratories-expert-version/t11696?secret=40ab0267-ec7e-11f0-8f5d-2ed9ab825d4b">expert version</a> of this article.</blockquote>

Upgrade of TITAN transmission electron microscope ranks CEITEC among elite laboratories

Scientists at IOCB Prague are uncovering new details of gene transcription. They have identified a previously unknown molecular mechanism by which the transcription of genetic information from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) into ribonucleic acid (RNA) can be initiated. The researchers focused on a specific class of molecules known as alarmones, which are found in cells across a wide range of organisms and whose levels often increase under conditions of cellular stress. The results were published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature Chemical Biology.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/UOCHB_Vyzkum_z_UOCHB_odhaluje_dosud_nepoznany_zpusob_prepisu_geneticke_informace_bc2bfffa6c.jpg" alt="IOCB Prague/Tomáš Belloň: Research from IOCB Prague reveals a previously unknown mechanism of genetic transcription: Dr. Hana Cahová, head of the Chemical Biology of Nucleic Acids research group." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_UOCHB_Vyzkum_z_UOCHB_odhaluje_dosud_nepoznany_zpusob_prepisu_geneticke_informace_bc2bfffa6c.jpg 234w," sizes="100vw" width="2000" height="1335"><div>Molecules of ribonucleic acid can carry a variety of chemical modifications at one end, known as caps. In eukaryotic organisms, including human cells, the best-known cap plays an important role in RNA stability and in regulating its subsequent fate. In recent years, however, it has become clear that alternative, non-canonical RNA caps also exist, although their formation and the mechanisms by which they are attached to RNA remain only partially understood. These include alarmone caps, formed by dinucleoside polyphosphate molecules, that protect cellular RNA at moments when the cell is under threat.In their study, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://cahova.group.uochb.cz/en">Dr. Hana Cahová</a> and colleagues examined bacterial RNA polymerase and investigated how this enzyme can initiate transcription using dinucleoside polyphosphates (NpNs) instead of the standard RNA building blocks. For the first time, the scientists described, at the atomic level, how RNA bearing an alarmone cap can be generated directly at the initiation of gene transcription. They also observed that NpNs bind through a different type of base pairing than is typically observed.The work was significantly shaped by Valentina Serianni from Hana Cahová’s team, who demonstrated the ability of dinucleoside polyphosphates to initiate gene transcription, and by Jana Škerlová, who focused on the structural analysis of RNA polymerase. Using cryogenic electron microscopy data, she showed how dinucleoside polyphosphate molecules bind within the active site of RNA polymerase – that is, the core of the enzyme where genetic information is transcribed. Together, their findings help to elucidate the processes that accompany the transcription of genetic information from DNA to RNA.Hana Cahová adds: “We’re describing something that truly occurs in cells and that we’re now able to observe directly at the level of individual molecules. This allows us to answer fundamental questions about cellular processes, such as how cells adapt to stress. RNA plays a central role in this, as it carries the cascade of information underlying any cellular response – for example, to threatening conditions caused by nutrient deprivation or temperature shock.”<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/UOCHB_Vyzkum_z_UOCHB_odhaluje_dosud_nepoznany_zpusob_prepisu_geneticke_informace_2_0fe88ff9e9.jpg" alt="IOCB Prague/Tomáš Belloň: Research from IOCB Prague reveals a previously unknown mechanism of genetic transcription: Dr. Tomáš Kouba, head of the Cryogenic Electron Microscopy core facility." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_UOCHB_Vyzkum_z_UOCHB_odhaluje_dosud_nepoznany_zpusob_prepisu_geneticke_informace_2_0fe88ff9e9.jpg 234w," sizes="100vw" width="2000" height="1335"><div>Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) was central to the project. This part of the work was led by Dr. Tomáš Kouba, one of the authors of the study. “Cryogenic electron microscopy allows us to freeze biological molecules in a state very close to their natural form and then determine their three-dimensional structure. This makes it possible to look directly into the active centers of enzymes and observe their function down to the atomic level,” he explains.Last year, IOCB Prague opened a new <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://cryoem.group.uochb.cz/en">cryo-EM center</a> that is unique within the Czech research environment. State-of-the-art cryogenic electron microscopes are housed in a specially designed building and enable the study of biological processes with exceptional structural precision.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/UOCHB_Vyzkum_z_UOCHB_odhaluje_dosud_nepoznany_zpusob_prepisu_geneticke_informace_3_4d881e7a58.jpg" alt="IOCB Prague: Research from IOCB Prague reveals a previously unknown mechanism of genetic transcription: This work shows how NpnNs initiate bacterial transcription. Cryo-EM reveals how nucleobases pair with the template: one in canonical and one in reverse Watson–Crick mode, providing a structural basis for their function as non-canonical RNA caps." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_UOCHB_Vyzkum_z_UOCHB_odhaluje_dosud_nepoznany_zpusob_prepisu_geneticke_informace_3_4d881e7a58.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="2000" height="1077"><blockquote><h4>The Original article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41589-025-02134-5">Molecular insight into 5′ RNA capping with NpnNs by bacterial RNA polymerase</a></h4>Valentina M. Serianni, Jana Škerlová, Anna Knopp Dubánková, Anton Škríba, Hana Šváchová, Tereza Vučková, Anatolij Filimoněnko, Milan Fábry, Pavlína Řezáčová, Tomáš Kouba &amp; Hana Cahova&nbsp;Nat. Chem. Biol. 21 (2026)<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-025-02134-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-025-02134-5</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote><h4>Abstract</h4>RNA capped with dinucleoside polyphosphates has been discovered in bacteria and eukaryotes only recently. The likely mechanism of this specific capping involves direct incorporation of dinucleoside polyphosphates by RNA polymerase as noncanonical initiating nucleotides. However, how these compounds bind into the active site of RNA polymerase during transcription initiation is unknown. Here, we explored transcription initiation in vitro, using a series of DNA templates in combination with dinucleoside polyphosphates and model RNA polymerase from Thermus thermophilus. We observed that the transcription start site can vary on the basis of the compatibility of the specific template and dinucleoside polyphosphate. Cryo-electron microscopy structures of transcription initiation complexes with dinucleoside polyphosphates revealed that both nucleobase moieties can pair with the DNA template. The first encoded nucleotide pairs in a canonical Watson–Crick manner, whereas the second nucleobase pairs noncanonically in a reverse Watson–Crick manner. Our work provides a structural explanation of how dinucleoside polyphosphates initiate RNA transcription.</div></div>

Research from IOCB Prague reveals a previously unknown mechanism of genetic transcription

Article

Scientists

Science and research

Video

Since its establishment in 2011, CEITEC has quickly developed into a cutting-edge infrastructure for research which performs highly alongside the best institutes in Europe. Among the main priorities of CEITEC are the promotion of a motivating and dynamic international scientific environment, the provision of state-of-the-art research infrastructure, and the policy of open communication and equal opportunities.

CEITEC

The University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague is a natural centre of first-rate study and research in the area of chemistry in Czechia and is one of the country's largest educational and research institutions focused on technical chemistry, chemical and biochemical technologies, material and chemical engineering, food chemistry, and environmental studies.

UCT Prague

The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB Prague) is a leading scientific institution in the Czech Republic, recognized internationally. Its primary mission is basic research in the fields of chemical biology and medicinal chemistry, organic and material oriented chemistry, chemistry of natural compounds, biochemistry and molecular biology, physical chemistry, theoretical chemistry, and analytical chemistry. 

Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences

New Food magazine

BÜCHI

Metrohm

Agilent Technologies

Bruker

C&EN

Conventional wet chemistry technologies for Quality Assurance and Quality Control of polyols tend to be time consuming. Moreover, sample preparation is usually required prior to analysis, which involves the use of hazardous chemicals.
In a free webinar on June 13, Dr. Omar Sallouh, Head of Quality Assurance &amp; Process Engineering at Rampf Polymer Solutions GmbH &amp; Co. Kg presents a faster and safer approach for quality testing of polyols, isocyanates, and silicones. He has successfully implemented Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in his laboratory, a non-destructive analytical technology that provides results for multiple critical chemical parameters in less than a minute.
Dr. Sallouh is joined by Dr. Nicolas Rühl from Metrohm AG, who will start the webinar with a short introduction to NIRS focusing on the potential to reduce the costs of routine analytics in the QC laboratory. The event closes with a Q&amp;A session to address any questions asked during and after the webinar.
Key learning points of this webinar: 
<ul>
<li>The official guidelines (norms &amp; standards) for the analysis of polyols by NIRS</li>
<li>The basic principles of NIRS and how this technology is implemented in the QC laboratory</li>
<li>First-hand experiences focusing on the benefits and challenges of NIRS for polyol analysis</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. Nicolas Rühl (Product Manager Spectroscopy, Metrohm AG, Herisau)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Dr. Nicolas Rühl is working in the Competence Center Spectroscopy since 2015. In this time, he has been in charge of developing the near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy business at Metrohm. Nicolas has a Master in Business Administration and received his PhD in physical chemistry on single-molecule spectroscopy using Vis-NIR and Raman spectroscopy technologies.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Presenter: Dr. Omar Sallouh, MSc (Head of QA &amp; Process Engineering, Rampf Polymer Solutions GmbH &amp; Co. KG)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Omar Sallouh has been working for RAMPF Polymer Solutions since 2018. He is responsible for Quality Assurance and Process Engineering.
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Omar Sallouh has a Master of Science in Chemistry from the Technical University of Dortmund.
</blockquote>

Metrohm: How Near-Infrared Spectroscopy can make QA/QC of polyols faster and save costs

How Near-Infrared Spectroscopy can make QA/QC of polyols faster and save costs

We will presents a faster and safer approach for quality testing of polyols, isocyanates, and silicones.

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy QA/QC of polyols

The speed of NIR spectroscopy in analyzing a vast range of analytes can streamline several processes in the food and feed industry. Rapid analysis can improve productivity and reduce quality control and development costs. Results can be gained in seconds as opposed to hours.
During the webinar find out:
<ul>
<li>What is a Calibration and why do we need to develop them?</li>
<li>Is it possible to calibrate any parameter?</li>
<li>What are the steps I need to follow for calibration development?</li>
<li>How many samples do I need and how do I select them?</li>
<li>How can we judge the performance of a calibration?</li>
</ul>
and many more...
<blockquote>
Presenter: Marko Stojkovic (Head of NIR Training and Education, Büchi Labortechnik AG)
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After finishing his studies in Pharmaceutical Sciences and PhD in Analytical Sciences, he has joined BUCHI for almost a decade now, applying the knowledge acquired over the years.
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Presenter: Estefania Perez Fernandez (Application Specialist NIR, Büchi Labortechnik AG)
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I first joined the NIR world during my pre- and post-doctoral research studies. I joined the NIR group at BUCHI six years ago, and overall I accumulate over 15 years of experience with the NIR technology. Time flies when you work with NIR!
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Presenter: Eduard Wiedenbeck
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Dr. Eduard Wiedenbeck holds a PhD in chemistry from the University of Konstanz, Germany. His pre- and post-doctoral research projects have focused on analytical chemistry including techniques for protein determination. He joined BUCHI Labortechnik AG in 2020 as a Product Specialist.
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Presenter: Maren Sander (Product Manager Extraction and Parallel Evaporation, Büchi Labortechnik AG)
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Mrs. Maren Sander received her Diploma in Physical Chemistry from University of Oldenburg, Germany. She joined BUCHI Labortechnik 15 years ago, first as an application chemist and currently as product manager for pressurized solvent extraction and parallel evaporation.
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Presenter: Branko Vranic (Head of Application Development, Business Area NIR, Büchi Labortechnik AG)
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Mr. Branko Vranic obtained his PhD in Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy at the University of Basel, Switzerland. He joined BUCHI 12 years ago as Application and Training Specialist NIR and is currently head of NIR application development team.
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Presenter: Sonja König (Product Specialist NIR, Büchi Labortechnik AG)
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Dr. Sonja König holds a PhD in Chemistry from University of Tübingen, Germany. She has gained experience with diverse analytical methods during her career. Since 2019, she is working for Büchi Labortechnik AG as a Specialist in the field of NIR analyses.
</blockquote>

Büchi: All you need to know for successful NIR calibration development

All you need to know for successful NIR calibration development

Rapid NIR analysis can improve productivity and reduce quality control and development costs. Results can be gained in seconds as opposed to hours.

Successful NIR calibration development

Making the best measurement you can requires that you understand the limitations of your instrument&#39;s design. With that in mind, there are many considerations that go into the choice of instrument for use in your measurements.
This presentation will examine some of the fundamental design considerations that make the Cary instrument family unique in UV-Vis-NIR measurements. How can you make (and believe) measures which go as high as 10 OD in the visible region? How is it possible to make absolute specular reflectance measure at almost any angle? How is it possible to make fast scans of samples and not see a shift in peak wavelength or reduction in the intensity of the peak? These and additional attributes of the Cary family of instruments will be discussed and shown in a practical demonstration.
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Presenter: Mark Fisher, PhD (Application Engineer, Molecular Spectroscopy, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
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Mark, an Application Scientist for Agilent Technologies, has over 35 years of experience in molecular spectroscopy. He has held roles in Agilent&#39;s UV-Vis-NIR, fluorescence, and atomic absorption product portfolios. In addition to identifying industry trends and new business needs, Mark&#39;s responsibilities include application development, pre and post-sales support, as well as acting as a customer advocate for new product and technology opportunities. Mark received his doctorate in analytical chemistry from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
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Agilent Technologies: Understanding UV-Vis-NIR Optical Benches: Making the Best Choice for Your Needs

Understanding UV-Vis-NIR Optical Benches: Making the Best Choice for Your Needs

Fundamental design considerations that make the Cary instrument family unique in UV-Vis-NIR measurements.

Making the Best Choice for Your Needs

Effective oil and condition monitoring enables proactive maintenance strategies and minimizes unexpected failures of machinery such as turbines.
By closely monitoring the condition of lubricating oils, maintenance professionals can reduce downtime, extend equipment lifespan and identify potential issues before they escalate. Antioxidants are often added to mitigate these issues, which makes monitoring these chemicals critical for equipment performance. 
Join Paul Swan, Technical Manager, APAC at ALS Tribology, and Larry Tucker, Director of Norms and Standards at Metrohm USA, as they discuss vital aspects of oil and condition monitoring and the importance of antioxidants in tribology. Gain valuable knowledge on ASTM methods and discover the latest insights into improvements being made in these areas. 
Key Learning Objectives:
<ul>
<li>Importance of antioxidants in lubricants and their impact on equipment performance
</li>
<li>How to use voltammetry as a tool to monitor remaining useful life on antioxidants in lubricating oils
</li>
<li>Importance of oil analysis in predictive maintenance strategies
</li>
<li>Understanding the significance of condition monitoring in preventing unexpected failures
</li>
<li>Insights into developments aimed at refining ASTM methods
</li>
</ul>
Who Should Attend:
<ul>
<li>Anyone currently monitoring remaining useful life of antioxidants in lubricating oils
</li>
<li>Anyone using ASTM methods for oil and condition monitoring
</li>
<li>Laboratories, equipment manufacturers, oil and additive producers and electric utilities looking to monitor oil conditioning and antioxidant levels in use
</li>
</ul>
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Presenter: Paul Swan (Technical Manager APAC, Australian Laboratory Services, Tribology)
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Presenter: Larry Tucker (Director of Norms and Standards, Metrohm USA)
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Presenter: Melissa O&#39;Meara (Forensic Science Consultant, C&amp;EN Media Group)
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C&EN: Exploring Methods for Antioxidants, Oil & Condition Monitoring in Tribology

Exploring Methods for Antioxidants, Oil & Condition Monitoring in Tribology

Vital aspects of oil and condition monitoring and the importance of antioxidants in tribology.

Exploring Methods for Monitoring in Tribology

The Cary 7000 UV-Vis-NIR system can be used to collect high quality data which can then be used to characterize optical coatings.
We will examine the techniques for determining film thickness, index of refraction, etc. through the use of a Cary 7000 UV-Vis-NIR system.
<blockquote>
Presenter: Mark Fisher, PhD (Application Engineer, Molecular Spectroscopy, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Mark, an Application Scientist for Agilent Technologies, has over 35 years of experience in molecular spectroscopy. He has held roles in Agilent&#39;s UV-Vis-NIR, fluorescence, and atomic absorption product portfolios. In addition to identifying industry trends and new business needs, Mark&#39;s responsibilities include application development, pre and post-sales support, as well as acting as a customer advocate for new product and technology opportunities. Mark received his doctorate in analytical chemistry from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
</blockquote>

Agilent Technologies: Measuring and Analyzing Optical Coatings by UV-Vis-NIR

Measuring and Analyzing Optical Coatings by UV-Vis-NIR

Techniques for determining film thickness, index of refraction, etc. through the use of a Cary 7000 UV-Vis-NIR system.

Moving from Benchtop to Inline is the latest trend in the dairy industry and we want to help you understand the value, both from a quality and profit standpoint.
The ever-changing dairy industry requires new technologies and solutions to remain profitable. With the move to mega dairies, optimisation is required for processors to stay competitive. 
During this live webinar, we will discuss Bruker’s portfolio, the difference in technology from FT-IR vs. FT-NIR and how it works. We will explore applications from raw milk to finished products and where they may fit into your process. Bruker has the right solution to maximise profits and minimise process variation in your facility. 
Learning objectives:
<ul>
<li>Learn about new trends in the dairy processing industry to save you time and money
</li>
<li>Learn about a variety of applications to enhance your production and analysis
</li>
<li>Discuss these applications from raw milk to finished product to keep you competitive
</li>
<li>Listen to industry experts about how to minimise process variation and maximise profits – bring your questions!
</li>
</ul>
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Presenter: Shannon Conrad (Feed Business Development and SE Regional Sales Manager offering FT-NIR solutions into Agriculture, Bruker Optics)
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Shannon Conrad is the North American Business Development and Key Account manager offering FT-NIR solutions into Agriculture for Bruker Optics. She graduated in 1997 with BS in Animal Science from University of Georgia and has been working in animal nutrition for the past 25 years. She worked for Purina Mills/Land O’Lakes in manufacturing &amp; operations for 10 years and has been in sales for the last 15, including owning her own Purina Dealership. Her multi-divisional background and experience in Agriculture drives her passion for helping customers solve opportunities and finding new, valuable solutions for the agricultural markets. 
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Presenter: Cassandre Juzaitis-Boelter (Applications Specialist, Bruker Optics)
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Dr. Juzaitis-Boelter earned both her Ph.D. in Poultry Science and her B.S.A. in Avian Biology from the University of Georgia. Academically trained as a monogastric nutritionist, Dr. Juzaitis-Boelter focuses upon FT-NIR solutions for Food and Agricultural systems and actively works to enhance the measures of quality control for raw materials and finished products in the FAS market through calibration maintenance and development.
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Presenter: Fernando Jose Munoz (Research Scientist)
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After completing a four-year contract with the United States Air Force as a medical scientist, I joined the Daisy Brand Research and Development Department in 2006 as a Research Scientist responsible for developing wet and analytical chemistry testing. Early in 2023, I transitioned from the R&amp;D Department to the Quality Assurance Department responsible for overseeing all of Daisy Brand’s plant laboratory analytical instrumentation and improving testing laboratory efficiency.
</blockquote>

New Food: From FT-IR to FT-NIR: new technology drives a new future for dairy

From FT-IR to FT-NIR: new technology drives a new future for dairy

The difference in technology from FT-IR vs. FT-NIR and how it works.

From FT-IR to FT-NIR: new technology drives a new future

Are you involved in QC of edible oils and oil seeds in the lab or in production? Learn how to use FT-NIR spectroscopy for quantification, identification and authentication of edible oils like olive oil and more in virtual workshop with expert advice and hands-on demonstrations. Discover why FT-NIR spectroscopy is a powerful alternative to conventional technologies.
FT-NIR spectroscopy will not only analyze the general composition of the oil to know if it is fit-for-purpose for the given task and if the quality is according to the standards. It can also determine oxidation parameters to assess the shelf life of the product. Dedicated examples like the analysis of olive oils, frying fats and marine oils will be featured.
<h5>Agenda:</h5>
<ul>
<li>Dagmar Behmer of Bruker Optics will explain how FT-NIR spectroscopy works and give an overview on Bruker’s rugged FT-NIR analyzers. The portfolio ranges from small footprint, touch screen operated analyzers to fully automated in-process systems for the analysis of oilseeds and finished oils throughout the entire manufacturing process. You will learn about the available calibration packages for the various oil types and which parameters are included.
</li>
<li>A hands-on demonstration from Bruker’s application lab will show the ease of use of FT-NIR spectroscopy for the analysis of oils as well as oilseeds. This demo will give you an idea how you can implement it into your lab routine. 
</li>
<li>Sven Seifer from Maxfry will talk about how FT-NIR helped to speed up their development of additives for the frying industry and how it is used in their daily QC routines. Moreover, Maxfry developed analytical services for the assessment of olive oils based on FT-NIR to determine the age, remaining shelf-life, identity, possible debasement, quality characteristics and aroma profile of the product. A tool on which a range of private and public institutes, as well as numerous testing bodies, already rely on.
</li>
<li>Live Q&amp;A where we will answer your questions regarding the use of FT-NIR spectroscopy.
</li>
</ul>
<h5>Key Learning Points</h5>
<ul>
<li>Discover Bruker’s portfolio of analytical solutions for the edible oils and oilseeds industry.
</li>
<li>Learn how FT-NIR can be utilized for analyzing quality and authenticity of edible oils &amp; fats in the lab as well as online.
</li>
<li>See how Maxfry implemented FT-NIR spectroscopy in their daily routine analysis and for their analytical services for olive oil.
</li>
</ul>
<h5>Who Should Attend?</h5>
The webinar will appeal to anybody involved in quality control of edible oils &amp; fats, but also oilseeds in the laboratory or production floor. It will also be relevant to people working in the food industry using oils and fats in their production process.
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Presenter: Sven Seifer (Maxfry GmbH, Technical Sales Manager)
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Sven Seifer works for Maxfry GmbH since its foundation in 2002. After receiving a vocational training in a B2B communication agency, he is today leading the marketing communication as well as the technical sales at Maxfry.
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With his broad knowledge of edible oils and FT-NIR spectroscopy, he is well versed in advising customers about technical aspects of oils as well as how NIR can be utilized to obtain as much information as possible about the various types of oil.
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Presenter: Dagmar Behmer (Bruker Optics, Marketing Manager Applied Spectroscopy)
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Dagmar Behmer holds an MSc degree in Analytical Chemistry and is today Marketing Manager of the Applied Spectroscopy business area of Bruker.
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She is looking back on more than 25 years of experience with FT-NIR spectroscopy, focusing on food and agricultural applications and edible oils &amp; fats in particular.
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Dagmar published several papers on olive oil and frying fats as well as book chapters on non-destructive analysis of food with FT-NIR spectroscopy. She is member of AOCS American Oil Chemists&#39; Society) and the DGF (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Fettwissenschaft).
</blockquote>

Bruker: Oils, Seeds and more: Quality Control with FT-NIR along the Production Chain

Oils, Seeds and more: Quality Control with FT-NIR along the Production Chain

Learn how FT-NIR Spectroscopy can upgrade your QC.

Oils, Seeds and more: Quality Control with FT-NIR

Get ready to dive into the thrilling world of process analytics - game show style!
Join us for an engaging and educational event as you showcase your knowledge by answering questions to discover how process analyzers can be equipped with titration, ion chromatography or spectroscopy to solve even the toughest challenges.
Our hosts, Elena Hagemann, Product Manager for Process Spectroscopy, and Kraig Kmiotek, Product Manager for Process Wet Chemistry, will test your knowledge while introducing the FUNdamentals of process analytics and unraveling practical insights that can be applied in real-world situations.
Whether you&#39;re a seasoned expert or just curious about the basics, this interactive event promises to educate and entertain, combining the fun of a game show with the science and engineering of process analytics.
Register now, don’t miss out on the end-of-the-year fun!
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Presenter: Kraig Kmiotek (Product Manager for Process Wet Chemistry, Metrohm USA)
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Kraig Kmiotek is the Product Manager for Process Wet Chemistry at Metrohm USA and has a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry from Purdue University. Since joining the Process Analytics team, his focus has been on application work, analyzer design and programming and customer and internal training of process analyzers. He is currently responsible for understanding customer requirements, driving product and service development, and strategic product marketing and demand generation.
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Presenter: Elena Hagemann (Product Manager for Process Spectroscopy, Metrohm USA)
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Elena Hagemann is the Product Manager for Process Spectroscopy at Metrohm USA in Riverview, Florida. She holds a master’s degree in Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry from the Applied University of Aalen, Germany, where her master thesis focused on Karl Fischer Titration, NIR Spectroscopy, and Multivariate Data Analysis. Elena joined the Metrohm Group in August 2013 and started with Metrohm USA in January 2018, focusing on Raman and NIR Spectroscopy.
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Metrohm: Process Analytics Showdown: Putting the Fun in Fundamentals

Process Analytics Showdown: Putting the Fun in Fundamentals

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Presenter: Louis Tisinger, PhD (Application Engineer, Molecular Spectroscopy, Agilent Technologies, Inc.)
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Louis (Lou) Tisinger has a Ph.D. in Analytical Chemistry from Miami University in Oxford Ohio, where his graduate research involved the study of ATR imaging and microscope performance in vibrational spectroscopy. Most of his career has been related to pre- and post-sales support of FTIR spectrometers, microscopes, imaging systems, and thermal analytical instruments, focusing on analyzing customer samples, demonstrations, post-sales training, troubleshooting, and R&amp;D.
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IR Analysis of Microplastics

A method driven system for analysis of microplastics will be demonstrated.

Incoming materials inspection, or <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinars?search=raw+materials+identification+RMID">raw materials identification</a> (RMID), is critical to the production of high-quality industrial products. 
While spectroscopic RMID tests are often used in the chemical industry, they are less common in the polymer industry because many of the samples are not well-suited to commonly deployed technologies like <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinars?search=Raman">Raman</a> and <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinars?search=FTIR">FTIR</a>. This forces companies to either trust the label or rely on traditional wet-chemical tests for materials testing.
During this webinar, Omar Sallouh, Head of Quality Assurance &amp; Process Engineering at Rampf Polymer Solutions GmbH &amp; Co. Kg presents a faster and safer approach for quality testing of polyols, isocyanates and silicones. He has successfully implemented <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/2266">Near-Infrared</a> (NIR) spectroscopy in the QC laboratory to rapidly identify incoming materials and quantify their critical quality attributes.
Mr. Sallouh joins Dr. Adam J. Hopkins, Spectroscopy Product Manager at Metrohm USA, who will give a brief introduction to NIR, focusing on its advantages for material identification and comparing with alternative technologies. The event closes with a Q&amp;A session to address any questions asked during and after the webinar.
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Presenter: Omar Sallouh, M.Sc. (Head of QA &amp; Process Engineering, Rampf Polymer Solutions GmbH &amp; Co. KG)
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Omar Sallouh has been working for RAMPF Polymer Solutions since 2018. He is responsible for Quality Assurance and Process Engineering.
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He has a Master of Science in Chemistry from the Technical University of Dortmund.
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Presenter: Adam J. Hopkins, PhD (Spectroscopy Product Manager, Metrohm USA)
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<blockquote>
Dr. Adam J. Hopkins has nearly 20 years of experience as a spectroscopist. He got his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Oregon where he studied nonlinear optical spectroscopy under Geraldine Richmond. Prior to joining Metrohm USA, Adam worked developing spectroscopic solutions for standoff and noncontact sensing applications using Laser Induced Breakdown and Raman spectroscopy. Dr. Hopkins is a member of the American Chemical Society, Society for Applied Spectroscopy, Coblentz Society, and SPIE. He is the author of 19 papers and proceedings and is the author of three patents.
</blockquote>

Metrohm: Guaranteeing Product Quality: NIR Inspection of Polyols, Isocyanates and Silicones

Guaranteeing Product Quality: NIR Inspection of Polyols, Isocyanates and Silicones

Faster and safer approach for quality testing of polyols, isocyanates and silicones using Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy

ICPMS webinars focusing on NIR Spectroscopy - page 4