<h4>Introduction&nbsp;</h4>Millions of tests, measurements and examinations are made every day in thousands of laboratories around the world. There are innumerable reasons underpinning them, for example: as a way of valuing goods for trade purposes; supporting healthcare and construction; checking the quality and safety of food and feed; and in forensic analysis and environmental monitoring. Virtually every aspect of society is supported in some way by analytical work.&nbsp;The cost of carrying out these measurements is high and additional costs may arise from decisions made on the basis of the results. For example, tests showing food to be unfit for consumption may result in compensation claims. In addition, tests confirming the presence of banned drugs could result in fines or imprisonment. Clearly it is important to make a correct measurement and be able to show that the result is correct.<h4>The validation/verification process</h4>Most analysts know that method validation/verification is important, but exactly why, how and when it should be done is not always clear.&nbsp;Method validation/verification is the process whereby the laboratory demonstrates whether or not a method is ‘fit for purpose’ (Fig. 1). This means that the tests carried out should be appropriate with respect to uncertainty, cost, time etc. The final report should present analytical data in such a way that the customer can, readily, interpret it and draw appropriate conclusions.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eurachem_The_validation_verification_82742c1029.jpg" alt="Eurachem: Fig. 1. The method validation/verification process. The laboratory ‘translates’ the customer’s problem into an analytical requirement, i.e. the method performance required to solve the problem. Method validation/verification includes a stage where various performance characteristics are evaluated and then compared with analytical requirements." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eurachem_The_validation_verification_82742c1029.jpg 124w," sizes="100vw" width="821" height="1029"><h4>The Eurachem Guide&nbsp;</h4>A <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/2242">Guide from Eurachem</a> (Fig. 2) gives practical advice on how method validation/verification can be accomplished. The Guide and its supplements [1-4]:&nbsp;<ul><li>Introduce the basic concepts related to method validation and method verification;&nbsp;</li><li>Indicate how to plan, record and report validation and verification studies to best support the statement of ‘fitness for purpose’;&nbsp;</li><li>Provide key definitions and the rationale behind the experiments for assessing the various performance characteristics and related topics (Fig. 3);&nbsp;</li><li>Include quick reference tables that suggest experiments together with the necessary statistical calculations for evaluation and reporting each performance characteristic;&nbsp;</li><li>Provide support to the analyst on how to make the best use of method validation data for setting up an internal quality control plan.</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eurachem_The_Fitness_for_Purpose_of_Analytical_Methods_95fc1a74e3.jpg" alt="Eurachem: Fig. 2. The Eurachem Guide is available free of charge at www.eurachem.org." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eurachem_The_Fitness_for_Purpose_of_Analytical_Methods_95fc1a74e3.jpg 135w," sizes="100vw" width="1062" height="1231"><h4>How should methods be validated/verified?</h4>The guide focuses on a single-laboratory approach to method validation/verification and gives guidance on planning, carrying out and reporting method validation and verification studies. Any method validation or verification study will require the laboratory to investigate several performance characteristics:<ul><li>Precision<ul><li>Repeatability&nbsp;</li><li>Intermediate precision</li></ul></li><li>Trueness</li><li>Selectivity</li><li>Working range</li><li>Analytical sensitivity</li><li>Limit of detection</li><li>Limit of quantification</li><li>Ruggedness</li></ul>Exactly which characteristics are studied will depend on the analytical application. Verification of the performance of a standard method requires substantially less work than validation of a method developed in-house. Legislative/sectoral requirements must also be considered.&nbsp;Sampling and subsampling can be part of the measurement or testing procedure and must, in those cases, be validated.

The importance of being fit for purpose

In <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products?category=227&amp;manufacturerItems=3">ICP-OES</a> analysis, maintaining reliable accuracy and precision over time can be challenging. Instrument drift, matrix effects, and fluctuations in sample introduction can all influence analytical results. One of the most effective tools to monitor and compensate for these influences is the internal standard (ISTD). When properly selected and implemented, an internal standard significantly strengthens quality assurance and increases confidence in analytical data.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Internal_Standards_in_ICP_OES_A_Practical_Guide_to_Better_Accuracy_and_Precision_50d02d62c8.jpg" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific Internal Standards in ICP-OES A Practical Guide to Better Accuracy and Precision" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Internal_Standards_in_ICP_OES_A_Practical_Guide_to_Better_Accuracy_and_Precision_50d02d62c8.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1024" height="512">An internal standard is a suitable element that is added at a constant concentration to all blanks, calibration standards, quality control samples, and unknown samples. It is measured simultaneously with the analytes of interest and serves as an indicator of what is happening during the measurement process. Because it behaves similarly to the analytes in the plasma, it reflects variations that occur during sample transport, excitation, or detection.However, not every element qualifies as a good internal standard. Ideally, the chosen element should not be present in the sample, or only in negligible amounts. It must not cause spectral interferences with the analytes, and its emission line should remain free from interference itself. The internal standard should also be compatible with the sample matrix and exhibit similar excitation and ionization characteristics to the analytes. In practice, the internal standard is typically introduced at a concentration of approximately 1 to 5 ppm at the nebulizer, ensuring a clean and stable signal.When correctly applied, internal standards help correct for several types of variation. They compensate for changes in sample transport caused by pump instability or nebulizer fluctuations. They correct for plasma instability and optical drift over time. They also address certain matrix-related effects, such as changes in viscosity or surface tension that influence aerosol formation and excitation efficiency. By normalizing the analyte signal to the internal standard signal, many physical and instrumental variations can be effectively minimized.It is important to understand, however, what internal standards cannot correct. They do not resolve spectral overlaps or interferences. They cannot compensate for incorrect calibration or non-linear response behavior. Detector saturation and fundamental method errors also remain unaffected by internal standard correction. In other words, an internal standard enhances a well-designed method but cannot rescue a flawed one.Internal standards are particularly valuable in long analytical sequences, where system drift can gradually affect results. By continuously monitoring the internal standard signal, laboratories can detect and correct drift in real time. They are also helpful in sequences involving strongly varying sample matrices. Differences in density or viscosity between samples can influence transport efficiency, and the internal standard provides a way to monitor and partially compensate for these effects.Another important application of internal standards is in high-precision analysis. In precious metal determinations, for example, internal drift correction can be applied to each individual measurement. When combined with a bracketing approach, this technique can dramatically improve overall precision. In one example presented, a total precision of 0.07% over twelve measurements was achieved despite variability in individual readings. Such performance illustrates the strength of internal standard correction when precision requirements are demanding.There are two main approaches to introducing the internal standard into the ICP-OES system. In the classical approach, all blanks, standards, quality controls, and samples are spiked with the internal standard prior to measurement. This method requires careful preparation to ensure consistent concentration across all solutions. Alternatively, the internal standard can be added online during measurement using a Y-connector. In this configuration, the internal standard solution is continuously mixed with each sample as it is introduced into the nebulizer. While this method simplifies preparation and reduces the risk of spiking errors, it introduces a dilution factor that must be considered.Practical examples show that correct implementation is crucial. Poor sample homogenization can lead to incorrect internal standard correction, particularly in challenging matrices such as mineral oils. If the sample is not homogeneous, the internal standard may not reflect the true behavior of the analytes, leading to misleading corrections. Therefore, careful sample preparation remains essential, even when internal standards are used.Internal standards also play a valuable role during method development. When establishing a new method, the internal standard can be used to verify matrix compatibility and recovery. Recovery tests with certified reference materials help determine whether matrix adaptation is necessary. If recovery is not satisfactory, matrix matching can be optimized through dilution strategies or calibration adjustments. Tools such as SemiQuant in<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1489"> Qtegra software</a> can assist in identifying matrix components and guiding method optimization. Even if the internal standard is later omitted in routine operation, its use during development provides valuable insight into method robustness.It is worth noting that Argon, which is always present in the plasma, can act as a kind of “pseudo-internal standard”. While it does not replace a true internal standard element, monitoring the argon signal can provide useful information about plasma stability.In summary, internal standards are powerful tools for improving analytical reliability in ICP-OES. They help monitor and correct drift, improve precision, and increase confidence in results, especially in complex or variable matrices. However, they must be carefully selected, properly implemented, and understood in terms of their limitations. Used thoughtfully, internal standards strengthen both routine analysis and method development, contributing to consistent and trustworthy laboratory performance.<h3>Acknowledgement</h3>I would like to thank Dr. Torben Stichel, Dr. Joerg Axthelm and Dr. Sebastian Voelker Field Applications Scientist, Germany, Trace Elemental Analysis and for the support on this blog and the webinars.<h4>Sign up for our webinars live and on demand</h4><h5>English</h5><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5795">Lunch and Learn Tips and Tricks Series: Qtegra Part 1</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5976">Lunch and Learn Tips and Tricks Series: Qtegra Part 2</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5977">Lunch and Learn Tips and Tricks Series: Trace Elemental Analysis (ICP-OES &amp; ICP-MS)</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5978">Trace Elemental Analysis: Ask the Expert</a></li></ul><h5>Deutsch</h5><ul><li>19. März 2026 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://event.on24.com/wcc/r/5179134/393E071E3B501943730958BA6203F477">Interne Standards in der ICP-OES: Ein Praxisguide für zuverlässige Qualitätssicherung im Labor</a></li><li>18. Juni 2026 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://event.on24.com/wcc/r/5179292/AE4C576B6A54D1AC182F7F77573D380F">Fehler reduzieren, Durchsatz steigern: Autoverdünnung mit PrepFast am ICP-MS</a></li><li>17. September 2026 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://event.on24.com/wcc/r/5179423/B5019C560431BADCA2A76E54E4EFE56F">ICP-OES smarter nutzen: Probendurchsatz erhöhen, Ressourcen sparen</a></li><li>17. Dezember 2026 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://event.on24.com/wcc/r/5179530/94EEDD1F56138F5EEE2AF24E29E6C12A">Qtegra ISDS Software Unlocked – Live im Expertengespräch</a></li></ul>Visit us on&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/72003132/admin/dashboard/">LinkedIn:</a>&nbsp;#ICP_OES #InternalStandards #ElementalAnalysis #TraceElementAnalysis<blockquote><h5>Petra Gerhards</h5>Petra Gerhards, Dipl-Ing, is Regional Marketing Manager of GC and GC-MS for EMEA at Thermo Fisher Scientific. She has more than 29 years of experience in the fields of GC-MS, SPE and LC-MS. Since joining the regional team she has contributed to workflow solutions combining vials and closures with SPE solutions, GC-MS and LC-MS. She works with KOL's on data for regional specific marketing campaigns, organizes in-house seminars and works on customer specific solutions. Her main expertise is in the field of doping and drugs-of-abuse analysis.</blockquote>

Internal Standards in ICP-OES: A Practical Guide to Better Accuracy and Precision

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 6th April 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Metrohm, Shimadzu, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Metrohm: Whey permeate analysis with NIRS</h3>Monitor dairy production processes easily in seconds<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_144_download_34598659f1.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Whey permeate, a byproduct of manufacturing whey protein powder, contains high amounts of lactose, phosphate, and minerals. Because of its sweet and mild taste, whey permeate is often used in bakeries and chocolate manufacturing. The key to optimizing whey permeate production is to control production streams in real time. It is important to monitor the production process with highthroughput analytical techniques to maximize product yield and ensure high product quality.&nbsp;Nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast, and chemicalfree analysis technique that can support this kind of testing. NIR spectroscopy can measure the most important quality parameters (i.e., protein, lactose, moisture, ash, pH, and phosphate) simultaneously in whey permeate without any sample preparation. The NIRS solution is fast, easy to operate, and can be used atline or offline in a quality control lab.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>158 whey permeate samples were analyzed on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a> equipped with a small cup accessory. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm). Metrohm software was used for data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION&nbsp;</h4>This Application Note demonstrates the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy for whey permeate quality control. Near infrared-spectroscopy is a rapid, nondestructive analytical technique that can monitor the production process of dairy products. Aside from the analysis of whey permeate, the whey protein production stream can also be monitored by NIRS.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Measurement of Residual Metal Catalysts by X-ray Fluorescence</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01086_en_4beb25fd1d.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ALTRACE">ALTRACE</a> can determine levels of heavy metals present in organic compounds at around 1 mg/kg in under 10 minutes per sample.</li><li>Analyzing and managing levels of residual metal catalysts can be performed by simply placing samples in the sample vessel and analyzing them without the need for complex sample pretreatment.</li><li>By increasing the X-ray tube power and optimizing the optical design, the sensitivity of ALTRACE for heavy metals has been dramatically improved compared to the previous model.</li></ul>Many industrial products we encounter every day are produced from organic compounds by manufacturing processes that utilize a range ofsynthesisreactions and metal catalysts. Catalysis can be classified as either homogeneous or heterogeneous (although drug and chemical production processes typically use homogeneous catalytic systems). While homogeneous catalysis allows for precise control over catalytic reactions, recovering the catalyst after the reaction can be difficult.&nbsp;Nevertheless, managing the levels of residual catalysts in industrial products is critical to ensure safety and because of their high costs. For example, the ICH Q3D Guideline for Elemental Impurities (adopted in April 2017) requires risk assessments when materials such as metal catalysts are added intentionally during a production process.&nbsp;Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry offers a simple but effective technique for assessing the levels of residual metal catalysts. Normally, the lower limit of quantification for EDXRF spectrometric analysis of heavy metals is above 1 mg/kg, which limitsits use in quantitative analysis. However, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ALTRACE">ALTRACE</a> is equipped with a high-power X-ray tube that dramatically improves its sensitivity for heavy metals, enabling their determination at 1 mg/kg and below in lessthan 10 minutes. This Application News describes using ALTRACE to determine residual levels of a homogeneous catalyst after a synthesis reaction. The catalyst used in this analysis is palladium (Pd), which is a widely applied heavy metal catalyst, and the reaction catalyzed by the Pd catalyst is a cross-coupling reaction. A metal scavenger and activated carbon were each used to remove the Pd catalyst from the reaction products. Metal scavengers are frequently used in this role, and activated carbon offers a relatively cheap method for removing catalysts.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Common methods of elemental impurity analysis, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), ICP atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and ICP mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), require liquid samples, so solid and powder samples must be prepared into a solution prior to analysis. However, EDXRF spectrometry can determine levels of elemental impurities regardless of the sample phase or form (solution, powder, etc.), provided the target element is distributed uniformly throughout the sample. The sensitivity of ALTRACE for heavy metals has been substantially improved compared to previous models, allowing for rapid quantitative determination of heavy metals at 1 mg/kg and below. Based on the performance presented in this article, ALTRACE is an effective tool for managing residual levels of metal catalysts.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: The Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene and the Determination of Layer Thickness</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/raman_spectroscopy_graphene_determination_layer_thickness_an52252_29274e8aea.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Currently, a tremendous amount of study is being directed toward graphene. This interest is driven by the novel properties that graphene possesses and its potential use in a variety of application areas that include but are not limited to electronics, heat transfer, bio-sensing, membrane technology, battery technology and advanced composites. Graphene exists as a transparent two-dimensional network of carbon atoms. It can exist as a single atomic-layer thick material, or it can be readily stacked to form stable, moderately thick samples containing millions of layers—a form generally referred to as graphite. However, the interesting properties exhibited by graphene (substantial electrical and thermal conductivity, high mechanical strength, and high optical transparency) are only observed for graphene films that contain only one or a few layers. Therefore, developing technologies and devices based upon graphene’s unusual properties requires accurate determination of the layer thickness for materials under investigation. Raman spectroscopy can be employed to provide a fast, non-destructive means of determining layer thickness for graphene thin films.<h4>Instrument considerations&nbsp;</h4>There are a few specifications that should be considered when selecting a Raman instrument for graphene characterization. First, since graphene samples are usually very small, selecting a Raman instrument with microscopy capabilities is imperative.The next issue to consider is which excitation laser to select. While graphene measurements can be made successfully with any of the readily available Raman lasers, it is also important to consider the substrate that the graphene will be deposited onto. It is common for graphene to be deposited on on either Si or SiO2 substrates, and both of these materials can exhibit fluorescence with near-infrared (NIR) lasers such as 780 nm or 785 nm. For this reason, visible lasers are usually recommended, typically a 633 nm or 532 nm laser.&nbsp;Next, since relatively small wavenumber shifts can significantly impact the interpretation of the Raman spectra, it is crucial to have a robust wavelength calibration across the entire spectrum. Using a single point wavelength calibration with some other applications may be sufficient, but this only ensures that one wavelength is calibrated and leaves room for a large margin of error. A multipoint wavelength calibration that is regularly refreshed, such as the standard calibration routine used with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products?category=184&amp;manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=dxr3">Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman instruments</a>, will provide considerably more confidence in the results. It is also necessary to have an instrument with high wavenumber precision to observe small wavenumber shifts when altering the sample. In fact, small wavenumber shifts can represent changes in the sample rather than represent the variability from the instrument. There is a common myth that it is necessary to utilize high resolution in order to achieve high wavenumber precision. Not only is this incorrect, but a high resolution will actually add considerable noise to the spectrum, which will add to the wavenumber variability. A high degree of wavenumber precision, such as that provided by the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">Thermo Scientific™ DXR™3 Raman Microscope</a>, will significantly improve data confidence even when you are evaluating band shifts from low levels of strain or doping. It is also important to have exact control of your laser power at the sample and be able to adjust that laser power in small increments. This is important to control temperature-related effects and to provide flexibility to maximize Raman signal while still avoiding sample heating or damage from the laser. The DXR3 Raman systems are equipped with a unique device called a laser power regulator, which maintains laser power with unprecedented accuracy and provides exceptional ability to fine-tune laser power and optimize it for each experiment.1&nbsp;Lastly, the Raman microscope must have an automated stage and associated software to generate detailed Raman point maps. As will be seen in the next section, Raman point mapping or imaging extends the single point measurement to assess a sample’s layer thickness uniformity. The Thermo Scientific OMNIC™ Software suite contains powerful mapping and processing tools that diminish the complexity of collecting highly detailed maps and interpreting their results.<h4>Conclusions&nbsp;</h4>Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for the characterization of graphene and layer thickness. Few techniques will provide as much information about the structure of graphene samples as Raman spectroscopy, and any lab doing graphene characterization without Raman would be at a significant disadvantage. The DXR3 Raman Microscope is an ideal Raman instrument for graphene characterization because it can provide the high level of stability, control, and sensitivity needed to produce confident results.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: See What’s Really in Your Formulation with Backgrounded Membrane Imaging</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009098_en_5d36d71789.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Protein aggregation in therapeutic protein products can induce adverse immunogenic responses in patients1–4 . Per the FDA’s recommendations, “strategies to minimize aggregate formation should be developed as early as feasible in product development”5 and “an assessment should be made of the range and levels of subvisible particles (2–10 µm) present in therapeutic protein products initially and over the course of the shelf life”.5 Yet, accurate subvisible protein aggregation analysis has remained elusive to protein drug formulators since current subvisible analyzers are not sensitive enough to measure protein aggregates effectively. In this application note, we explore how backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI), a high refractive index contrast technique used by the HORIZON particle analysis system, performs highly sensitive measurements of subvisible protein aggregates in the 2 µm–4 mm size range, enabling 30% higher reproducibility compared to flow imaging.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>When studying the impact of protein aggregate refractive index, IgG protein aggregates analyzed on both the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=5&amp;search=HORIZON">HORIZON® instrument</a> and flow imager systems produced equivalent particle count trends. However, the HORIZON® system was more sensitive (measured more overall counts) and had overall lower variability with average CVs of 14.4% compared to the flow imager which produced average CVs of 20.1%. The differences in variability and counts were most pronounced at lower concentrations and size range respectively. Given that most particles in a therapeutic drug formulation are small, the inability of flow imagers to accurately count the smallest of protein aggregates has a dramatic impact on the total number of particles measured. This can mean an undercounting by as much as 3–10X depending on the protein and formulation conditions.&nbsp;High variability at low concentrations in flow imagers can pose a hurdle for early stage analysis were sample is scarce. In low volume analysis (&lt;250 µL), the possibility of measuring fewer particles increases, therefore it is imperative to have high sensitivity measurements when already challenged by low sampling statistics.&nbsp;In the excipient effect study, sucrose did not have an impact on the overall particle counts when measured using the HORIZON® system. This contrasts with previous studies comparing excipient effects on three flow imagers.10 In each case, the particle counts decreased up to 30% or more using standard sucrose formulation concentrations of 0–20%. The difference between the data generated by BMI and FI can be attributed to the fact that the HORIZON® instrument is not affected by particle or solution refractive index.&nbsp;Flow imagers are deeply vulnerable to the impact of refractive index when measuring protein aggregates due to their translucency and the negative impact of surfactants. Due to this basic optical phenomenon, flow imagers can dramatically undersize and undercount particles. Finding the right tool for the job will have a critical impact on data accuracy and sensitivity. Powered with BMI, the HORIZON® system provides high refractive index contrast analysis to enable accurate, robust, and sensitive subvisible particle counting from 2 µm–4 mm in as little as 25 µL of sample and 96 samples in under 2 hours.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 15, 2026

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Thermo Scientific DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer

Highly automated macro-sampling Raman spectrometer for routine QC and research. Push-button operation, multiple lasers, minimal sample prep, fast and reproducible results.

Thermo Scientific DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer is a highly automated, push-button operated Raman spectrometer designed for routine laboratory analysis. As a dedicated macro-sampling Raman system, it brings the power of Raman spectroscopy to multi-purpose analytical laboratories that require reproducible, accurate results from a reliable, low-maintenance instrument. With minimal sample preparation and fully automated workflows, the DXR3 SmartRaman is well suited for both research and quality control environments.<h3>Key Capabilities</h3><ul><li>Direct measurement through containers: analyze samples directly through glass bottles, jars, and vials (clear or colored), as well as through plastic bags.</li><li>Representative sampling of heterogeneous materials: expandable measurement spot size up to 5 × 5 mm.</li><li>High-throughput automation: accessories support automated measurements of well plates, tablet arrays, tubes, and vials.</li><li>Specialized sample cells: support high- and low-temperature measurements as well as electrochemical experiments.</li><li>Remote sampling: optional fiber-optic probes for samples too large to fit in the sample compartment.</li><li>Advanced software tools: automate analysis workflows and transform spectral data into actionable results.</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Smart_Raman_Spectrometer_5a1544f551.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Smart_Raman_Spectrometer_5a1544f551.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="650"><h3>High Performance</h3><ul><li>Full spectral range from 3500 to 50 cm⁻¹ captured in a single CCD exposure, eliminating stitching artifacts.</li><li>User-adjustable measurement area from 10 µm to 5 mm using Variable Dynamic Point Sampling (VDPS).</li><li>Four excitation wavelengths (455, 532, 633, and 785 nm) that can be changed in less than one minute.</li><li>Automatic fluorescence correction available for all excitation lasers.</li><li>Automatic intensity correction ensures spectra are comparable across instruments and excitation wavelengths.</li><li>Multidimensional wavelength calibration provides accurate calibration across the entire spectral range.</li><li>Patented triple spectrograph delivers excellent peak shape and maintains focus at all wavelengths.</li><li>Patented algorithms for automated cosmic ray rejection and high-quality laser line filters ensure artifact-free spectra.</li><li>Depolarized lasers minimize sample orientation effects.</li><li>Laser Power Regulator continuously monitors laser power and ensures reproducible excitation over the lifetime of the laser.</li><li>Optimized gratings for each laser avoid compromises associated with shared-grating systems.</li><li>Patented autoalignment keeps the system performing in like-new condition.</li><li>Smart-backgrounds technology automatically removes the CCD dark energy profile.</li></ul><h3>Software and Spectral Databases</h3><ul><li>Extensive spectral libraries with more than 16,000 compounds.</li><li>Library search algorithms optimized specifically for Raman data.</li><li>Specta™ search software enables identification of multiple components in a single measurement.</li><li>Macro-building tools allow repetitive actions to be executed with a single button.</li><li>OMNIC™ Array supports automated data collection and analysis for array-based formats such as well plates and tablet arrays.</li><li>Automatic audit trails record all acquisition parameters and processing steps with each spectrum.</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Smart_Raman_Spectrometer_3_abb5bee696.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Smart_Raman_Spectrometer_3_abb5bee696.jpg 216w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="471"><h3>Ease of Use</h3><ul><li>Patent-pending Autoexposure removes guesswork from optimizing exposure time and number of exposures.</li><li>Autofocusing accessories enable effortless switching between different sample types.</li><li>GO-button operation allows walk-up use: place the sample, press a button, and receive a report without interacting with a computer.</li><li>Fully automated alignment and calibration performed by the software—no user decisions required.</li><li>Smart accessories recognition automatically optimizes parameters and alignment when components are changed.</li></ul><h3>Reliability, Maintenance, and Modularity</h3><ul><li>Routine automatic alignment fully controlled by software.</li><li>Automated calibration procedures with software-driven decision making.</li><li>Automatic laser usage tracking for each installed laser.</li><li>Modular design enables flexible purchasing and future expansion without service calls or penalties.</li><li>User-replaceable lasers with SmartLock™ technology ensure reproducible results via automatic alignment and calibration routines.</li><li>Shared components (lasers, gratings, filters, accessories) can be used across multiple instruments; the system stores alignment and calibration parameters for each unique component and applies them automatically upon installation.</li></ul><h3>Laser Safety and Validation</h3><ul><li>Independently certified Class 1 laser safety for the spectrometer. (Note: optional fiber-optic probes and certain accessories are Class IIIB laser devices and require appropriate laser safety precautions and eyewear.)</li><li>Complete DQ/IQ/OQ/PQ validation package available, including extensive documentation and automated software protocols.</li><li>OMNIC™ D/S software supports 21 CFR Part 11 compliance.</li></ul><h3>Recommended Applications</h3><ul><li>Forensics: illicit drug identification, high-throughput automated measurements, and infrared ID backup for court proceedings.</li><li>Pharmaceutical analysis: differentiation of polymorphs and salt forms, tablet characterization.</li><li>Gemology: rapid identification of colored gemstones and discrimination between natural and synthetic diamonds.</li><li>Nanotechnology: bulk nanotube characterization and quality control.</li><li>Academic research: materials science, biological studies, and a wide range of applied research fields.</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Smart_Raman_Spectrometer_4_97223d9902.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Smart_Raman_Spectrometer_4_97223d9902.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="650"><h3>Specifications</h3><ul><li>Depth (Metric): 69 cm</li><li>Description: DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer</li><li>Height (Metric): 46 cm</li><li>Laser Power:&nbsp;<ul><li>Fine Laser Power: Control Power controlled and reported at samples in 0.1 mW increments</li><li>Excitation Lasers: 455 nm, 532 nm, 633 nm, 785 nm</li></ul></li><li>Model: DXR3</li><li>Operating Temperature Range: 16°C to 32 °C</li><li>Optional Accessories:&nbsp;<ul><li>Universal Platform Sampling Accessory</li><li>Carousel Autosampler Sampling Accessory</li><li>180 Degree Sampling Accessory</li></ul></li><li>Resolution:&nbsp;<ul><li>Full-Range Grating: 5.0 cm⁻¹</li><li>High-Resolution Grating: 2.0 cm⁻¹</li></ul></li><li>Software Details: OMNIC Software Suite</li><li>Spectral Range: 3500 to 50 cm⁻¹</li><li>Wavelength Range:&nbsp;<ul><li>Full-Range Grating: 3500 to 50 cm⁻¹</li><li>High-Resolution Grating: 1800-50 cm⁻¹</li></ul></li><li>Weight (Metric): 56.7 kg</li><li>Width (Metric): 97 cm</li><li>Type: Spectrometer</li><li>Unit Size: Each</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer

Thermo Scientific™ DXR3 Flex is a research-grade Raman spectrometer designed for flexible integration with other analytical techniques, enabling combined and process Raman measurements without compromising data quality.

The Thermo Scientific™ DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer is a research-grade Raman spectrometer specifically designed for seamless integration with other analytical techniques. This compact system is built on the same advanced optical design and architecture as the DXR3 Raman Spectrometer research platform, delivering high-quality Raman data while enabling flexible hyphenation and portability without compromising analytical performance.Often described as a “Raman engine,” the DXR3 Flex features an open architecture that allows custom coupling to almost any type of equipment, in virtually any orientation. By combining Raman spectroscopy with complementary techniques in a single experimental setup, users can eliminate multiple measurements and assumptions, obtaining more complete answers faster.With DXR3 Flex, a single measurement can provide insight into a sample’s physical, chemical, and structural characteristics, all acquired simultaneously and under identical conditions. The system is well suited for advanced materials characterization, chemical identification, process monitoring, and real-time analysis in both research and applied environments.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Flex_Raman_Spectrometer_3_07d0741fcc.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Flex_Raman_Spectrometer_3_07d0741fcc.jpg 201w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="505"><h3>Key features</h3><ul><li>Open architecture enabling custom integration with a wide range of analytical and process equipment</li><li>Hyphenated measurements that combine data from multiple techniques in one experiment</li><li>Research-laboratory-level spectroscopic performance</li><li>Configurable excitation laser wavelengths and spectral resolution to optimize performance for specific materials</li><li>Free-space optical coupling to eliminate fiber-optic losses and maximize sensitivity</li><li>Broad range of available accessories, including fiber-optic coupling, macro and micro sample holders, objectives, cameras, and more</li><li>Lasers are shareable and interchangeable with Thermo Scientific™ DXR3 Raman Microscopes</li><li>Full compatibility with Thermo Scientific™ OMNIC™ Software, data formats, and spectral libraries; OMNIC D/S Software supports CFR 21 Part 11 compliance</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Flex_Raman_Spectrometer_2_b22261d395.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Flex_Raman_Spectrometer_2_b22261d395.jpg 201w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="505"><h3>Coupling options</h3><ul><li>Rheology systems</li><li>Hot-melt extrusion equipment</li><li>Laboratory-scale and manufacturing-scale processing equipment</li><li>Various microscopic stages and sample holders</li><li>Fiber-optic-based systems with optical input for laser delivery and output for Raman signal collection</li></ul><h3>Typical applications</h3><ul><li>Process and bioprocess monitoring</li><li>Nanotechnology</li><li>Materials science research</li><li>Academic research</li><li>Pharmaceutical analysis</li><li>Geology</li><li>Life science and biomaterials</li><li>Polymer research</li><li>Automotive and aerospace applications</li><li>Cosmetics</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3xi_Raman_Imaging_Microscope_9_5d3708416c.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3xi_Raman_Imaging_Microscope_9_5d3708416c.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="650"><h3>Specifications</h3><ul><li>Electrical Requirements: 100 to 240 VAC, 47 to 63 Hz</li><li>Height (Metric): 37 cm</li><li>Laser Power: Absolute excitation laser power at the sample controlled by OMNIC software</li><li>Model: Flex</li><li>Operating Temperature Range:<ul><li>Minimum temperature: 16°C</li><li>Maximum temperature: 27°C</li></ul></li><li>Resolution:<ul><li>Full range grating: average 2 cm-1/CCD pixel element</li><li>High resolution grating: average 1 cm-1/CCD pixel element</li></ul></li><li>Software Details: Thermo Scientific OMNIC software suite</li><li>Weight (Metric): 25 kg</li><li>Width (Metric): 29 cm</li><li>Type: Spectrometer</li><li>Unit Size: Each</li></ul>The DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer is an ideal solution for laboratories that require maximum flexibility, robust performance, and straightforward integration of Raman spectroscopy into complex analytical workflows, backed by the expertise of Thermo Fisher Scientific.

Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Microscope

The Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Microscope is an easy-to-use confocal Raman system with automated calibration, high stability, and flexible laser options for a wide range of applications.

The Thermo Scientific™ DXR3 Raman Microscope is a modern, easy-to-use point-and-shoot Raman microscope designed to provide faster, more reliable access to Raman data than ever before. Advanced imaging capabilities combined with automated system calibration deliver exceptional stability, reproducibility, and confidence in Raman measurements—even for non-specialist users.Thanks to Automated X-axis Calibration, the DXR3 system maintains long-term accuracy and reliability while minimizing user intervention. With a flexible choice of lasers and gratings, the DXR3 Raman Microscope is ideally suited for applications across pharmaceutical research, academia, advanced polymers, microplastics, and many other demanding fields.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Raman_Microscope_6_1dd5de4a21.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Microscope" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Raman_Microscope_6_1dd5de4a21.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="299"><h3>Key capabilities</h3><ul><li>New Particle Analysis functionality for rapid identification and analysis of microparticles</li><li>High-performance confocal Raman microscopy in a robust, fully integrated design</li><li>Fully automated alignment and calibration with no tools or manual procedures required</li><li>Real-time preview, automated fluorescence correction, auto-exposure, and cosmic ray rejection</li><li>System status indicator providing at-a-glance confirmation that the instrument is optimized and ready for data acquisition</li><li>Three-path fine-beam autoalignment to maintain peak performance and sampling integrity</li><li>Active laser power regulation ensuring consistent sample excitation throughout the lifetime of the laser</li><li>Advanced spectrograph design with no moving parts for simplified operation and highly robust detection and calibration</li><li>Pre-aligned, lock-in-place components with automatic recognition and stored alignment, enabling system reconfiguration in seconds</li><li>Interchangeable lasers and components shared across the DXR3 Raman family</li><li>Optional automated polarized Raman spectroscopy for structural information complementary to chemical data</li><li>Add new excitation wavelengths without tools or service engineer intervention</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Raman_Microscope_2_e366caa151.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Microscope" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Raman_Microscope_2_e366caa151.jpg 204w," sizes="100vw" width="631" height="483"><h3>Laser safety</h3><ul><li>Microscope independently certified as Class 1 laser safe (Note: optional fiber-optic accessories and certain other optional components are Class 3B laser devices and require appropriate laser safety precautions and eyewear)</li><li>Laser is physically blocked from the visual viewing path, preventing eye exposure during sample observation</li></ul><h3>Validation and compliance</h3><ul><li>Complete DQ/IQ/OQ/PQ validation package available, including extensive documentation and automated software protocols</li><li>OMNIC™ D/S software supports compliance with 21 CFR Part 11</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Raman_Microscope_3_62f6baad12.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Microscope" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Raman_Microscope_3_62f6baad12.jpg 178w," sizes="100vw" width="630" height="553"><h3>Exceptional analytical performance</h3><ul><li>Spatial resolution down to 540 nm on ideal samples</li><li>Confocal depth resolution as fine as 1.7 µm on ideal samples</li><li>Full spectral range of 3500–50 cm⁻¹ captured in a single CCD exposure, eliminating stitching artifacts</li><li>Extended spectral range up to 6000 cm⁻¹ available with the 532 nm laser</li><li>Support for multiple excitation lasers: 455, 532, 633, and 785 nm (high-brightness and high-power options)</li><li>Automatic fluorescence correction available for all excitation lasers</li><li>Research-grade Olympus viewing optics</li><li>Automatic intensity correction enabling spectral comparability between instruments and across different excitation lasers</li><li>Multidimensional wavelength calibration ensuring accurate calibration across the entire spectral range</li><li>Proprietary Triplet spectrograph delivering exceptional peak shape and maintaining focus at all wavelengths</li><li>Software-controlled switching between confocal and high-energy collection modes</li><li>Proprietary algorithms for automated cosmic ray rejection and high-quality laser line filters for artifact-free spectra</li><li>Depolarized lasers to eliminate confusing sample orientation effects</li><li>Active laser power monitoring ensures reproducible excitation power over the laser lifetime and after laser replacement</li><li>Optimized gratings for each excitation laser, avoiding performance compromises associated with shared gratings</li><li>Proprietary autoalignment maintains the system in like-new condition</li><li>Smart-Backgrounds technology automatically removes the CCD dark energy profile</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Raman_Microscope_5_ca01560747.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Microscope" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3_Raman_Microscope_5_ca01560747.jpg 210w," sizes="100vw" width="633" height="471"><h3>Recommended applications</h3><ul><li>Forensics – trace evidence analysis and illicit drug identification</li><li>Pharmaceuticals – polymorphism studies, particulate contamination, and diffusion analysis</li><li>Art restoration and conservation – identification and characterization of pigments, resins, glazes, and inks</li><li>Archaeology – characterization of horn, shell, bone, and ceramic artifacts</li><li>Solar materials – silicon crystallinity and photovoltaic material characterization</li><li>Polymers – inclusions, gel defects, weathering effects, laminate layers, and crystallinity</li><li>Failure analysis – characterization of particulates and small surface features</li><li>Gemology – rapid identification of colored stones, differentiation of natural and synthetic diamonds, characterization of inclusions and adulterants</li><li>Nanotechnology – graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), DLC coatings, and other nanostructures</li><li>Academic research – materials science, biological studies, and a wide range of applied research fields</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3xi_Raman_Imaging_Microscope_9_5d3708416c.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Microscope" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_DXR_3xi_Raman_Imaging_Microscope_9_5d3708416c.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="650"><h3>Specification</h3><ul><li>Depth (Metric): 68 cm</li><li>Description: DXR3 Raman Microscope</li><li>Electrical Requirements: 100/240 V, 47/63 Hz</li><li>Electronic Records and Signatures: 21CFR Part 11</li><li>For Use With (Application):&nbsp;<ul><li>Pharmaceutical</li><li>Microplastics</li><li>Forensics</li><li>Polymer/Chemical</li><li>Petrochemical</li><li>Material Science</li><li>Nanomaterials</li><li>Academia</li><li>Energy Storage</li><li>Art Restoration/Conservation</li></ul></li><li>Height (Metric): 61 cm</li><li>Laser Power: Fine Laser Power Control: Power controlled and reported at samples in 0.1 mW increments</li><li>Model: DXR3</li><li>Operating Temperature Range: 16°C to 27 °C</li><li>Resolution:&nbsp;<ul><li>Spatial: 1 µm</li><li>Confocal Depth: 2 µm</li></ul></li><li>Wavelength Range:&nbsp;<ul><li>455 nm</li><li>532 nm high brightness</li><li>532 nm high power</li><li>633 nm high brightness</li><li>633 nm high power</li><li>780 nm</li></ul></li><li>Weight (Metric): 66.5 kg</li><li>Width (Metric): 94 cm</li><li>Type: Microscope</li><li>Unit Size: Each</li></ul>

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